Intonation: Analysis, Modelling and Technology

396 Pages·2000·13.24 MB·English

by  Antonis Botinis (auth.)

Intonation
Text, Speech and Language Technology
VOLUME 15
Series Editors
Nancy Ide, Vassar College. New York
Jean Veronis, Universite de Provence and CNRS, France
Editorial Board
Harald Baayen, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics. The Netherlands
Kenneth W. Church, AT & T Bell Labs, New Jersey, USA
Judith Klavans, Columbia University, New York, USA
David T. Barnard, University of Regina, Canada
Dan Tufis, Romanian Academy of Sciences, Romania
Joaquim Llisterri, Universitat Autolloma de Barcelona, Spain
Stig Johansson, University of Oslo, Norway
Joseph Mariani, LlMSI-CNRS, France
The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.
Intonation
Analysis, Modelling and Technology
Edited by
Antonis Botinis
University of Skovde, Sweden Qlld
University ofA thens, Greece
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Intonation : analysis, modeIIing and technology I edited by Antonis Botinis.
p. em. -- (Text, speech, and language technology; v. 15)
IncIudes index.
ISBN 0-7923-6605-0 (alk. paper)
1. Intonation (Phonetics) 2. Linguistic models. 1. Botinis, Antonis. II. Series.
P222 .14542000
414'.6--dc21
00-062193
ISBN 978-0-7923-6723-9 ISBN 978-94-011-4317-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-4317-2
Printed an acid-free paper
AII Rights Reserved
© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2000
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 2000
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
inc\uding photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
Contents
List of contributors page vii
Acknowledgements ix
1 Introduction 1
ANTONIS BOTINIS
Section I. Overview of Intonation
2 Intonation: Past, Present, Future 13
MARIO ROSSI
Section II. Prominence and Focus
3 Acoustic-phonetic Analysis of Prominence in Swedish 55
GUNNAR FANT, ANITA KRUCKENBERG AND JOHAN LILJENCRANTS
4 Prosodic Disambiguation in English and Italian 87
JULIA HiRSCHBERG AND CINZIA A VESANI
5 Contrastive Tonal Analysis of Focus Perception in Greek and 97
Swedish
ANTONIS BOTINIS, ROBERT BANNERT AND MARK TATHAM
Section III. Boundaries and Discourse
6 Phonetic Correlates of Statement versus Question Intonation 119
in Dutch
VINCENT J. V AN HEUVEN AND JUDITH HAAN
7 Pitch Movements and Information Structure in Spontaneous 145
Dutch Discourse
MONIQUE v AN DONZEL AND FLORIEN KOOPMANS-V AN BEINUM
8 Discourse Constraints on Fo Peak Timing in English 163
ANNE WICHMANN, JILL HOUSE AND TONI RIETVELD
V
Vi
Section IV. Intonation Modelling
9 Automatic Stylisation and Modelling of French and Italian 185
Intonation
ESTELLE CAMPIONE, DANIEL 1. HIRST AND JEAN VERONIS
10 A Phonological Model of French Intonation 209
SUN-AH JUN AND CECILE FOUGERON
11 A Declination Model of Mandarin Chinese 243
CHILIN SHIH
12 A Quantitative Model of Fo Generation and Alignment 269
JAN P. H. VAN SANTEN AND BERND MOBIUS
Section V. Intonation Technology
13 Modelling of Swedish Text and Discourse Intonation in a 291
Speech Synthesis Framework
GOSTA BRUCE, MARCUS FILIPSSON, JOHAN FRID, BJORN GRANSTROM,
KlELL GUSTAFSON, MERLE HORNE AND DAVID HOUSE
14 A Prosodic Modelfor Text-to-speech Synthesis in French 321
ALBERT DI CRISTO, PHILIPPE DI CRISTO, ESTELLE CAMPIONE AND JEAN
VERONIS
15 Prosodic Parameters of French in a Speech Recognition 357
System
KATARINA BARTKOVA
383
Index ofn ames
390
Subject index
Contributors
A VESANI, CINZIA
Inst of Phonetics & Dialectology, University of Padova, Italy
BANNERT, ROBERT
Dept of Phonetics, University of Umea, Sweden
BARTKOVA, KATARINA
France Telecom, CNET, France
BOTINIS, ANTONIS
Dept of Languages, University of Skoevde, Sweden
BRUCE, GOSTA
Dept of Linguistics & Phonetics, University of Lund, Sweden
CAMPIONE, ESTELLE
Equipe DELlC, Universite de Provence, France
DI CRISTO, ALBERT
Laboratoire Parole et Langage, Universite de Provence, France
Dr CRISTO, PHILIPE
Laboratoire Parole et Langage, Universite de Provence, France
FANT, GUNNAR
Dept of Speech, Music & Hearing, KTH, Sweden
FILIPSSON, MARCUS
Dept of Linguistics & Phonetics, University of Lund, Sweden
FOUGERON, CECILE
Laboratoire de Psycholinguistique, Universite de Geneve, Suisse
FRID, JOHAN
Dept of Linguistics & Phonetics, University of Lund, Sweden
GRANSTROM, BJORN
Dept of Speech, Music & Hearing, KTH, Sweden
GUSTAFSON, KJELL
Dept of Speech, Music & Hearing, KTH, Sweden
HAAN, JUDITH
Dept of Linguistics and Dialectology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands
HEUVEN,VANJ. VINCENT
Phonetics Laboratory, Dept of Linguistics, University of Leiden, The Netherlands
VII
viii
HIRSCHBERG, JULIA
Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, USA
HIRST, DANIEL
Laboratoire Parole et Langage, Universite de Provence, France
HORNE, MERLE
Dept of Linguistics & Phonetics, University of Lund, Sweden
HOUSE, DAVID
Dept of Speech, Music & Hearing, KTH, Sweden
HOUSE, JILL
Dept of Phonetics & Linguistics, University College of London, UK
JUN, SUN-AH
Dept of Linguistics, University of California at Los Angeles, USA
KOOPMANS-VAN BEINUM, FLORIEN
Inst of Phonetic Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
KRUCKENBERG, ANITA
Dept of Speech, Music & Hearing, KTH, Sweden
LILJENCRANTS, JOHAN
Dept of Speech, Music & Hearing, KTH, Sweden
MbBIUS, BERND
Inst of Natural Language Processing, University of Stuttgart, Germany
RIETVELD, TONI
Dept of Language & Speech, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands
ROSSI, MARIO
Laboratoire Parole et Langage, Universite de Provence, France
SHIH, CHILIN
Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, USA
TATHAM, MARK
Dept of Language & Linguistics, University of Essex, UK
VAN DONZEL, MONIQUE
Inst of Phonetic Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
VAN SANTEN, P.H. JAN
Center for Spoken Language Understanding, Oregon Graduate Institute of
Science and Technology, USA
VERONIS, JEAN
Equipe DELlC, Universite de Provence, France
WICHMANN, ANNE
Dept of Cultural Studies, University of Central Lancashire, UK
Acknowledgements
The present volume is an integrated selection of papers stemming from the
European Speech Communication Association (ESCA) Workshop on
Intonation in Athens, in September of 1997. The Workshop took place
under the auspices of Athens University and was financially supported by
the Hellenic Ministry of Education and the Hellenic Ministry of
Development - General Secretariat of Research and Technology.
Cinzia A vesani, Robert Bannert, Mary Beckman, Gosta Bruce, Albert
Di Cristo, Grzegorz Dogil, Bjorn Granstrom, Julia Hirschberg, Jill House,
Dieter Huber, George Kokkinakis, Mario Rossi, Christel Sorin and Marc
Swerts have been members of the International Scientific Committee on the
Workshop. Most of them were also involved in the review process and
contributed to this volume as authors.
The initial set up of this volume took place at the Department of
Linguistics, University of Athens, and the main body of editorship was
carried out at the Department of Languages, University of Skovde, Sweden.
I believe that the joint effort of all who worked on this volume has made a
significant contribution to the field of intonation and considerable new
knowledge has been produced for the benefit of the educational and
international scientific communities.
In addition to authors, reviewers, colleagues and organisations referred
to above as well as the University of Skovde for economic support in the
production of the volume, many more have contributed in various respects,
too numerous to mention individually.
My sincere thanks to all.
Antonis Botinis
IX
1
Introduction
ANTONIS BOTINIS
1.1 Background
This introduction provides essential information about the structure and the
objects of study of this volume. Following the introduction, fourteen papers
which represent current research on intonation are organised into five
thematic sections: (I) Overview of Intonation, (II) Prominence and Focus,
(III) Boundaries and Discourse, (IV) Intonation Modelling, and (V)
Intonation Technology. Within the sections the papers are arranged
thematically, although several papers which deal with various aspects of
intonation and prosody are basically intersectional.
As the title indicates, "Intonation: Analysis, Modelling and Technology"
is a contribution to the study of prosody, with major emphasis on
intonation. Intonation and tonal themes are thus the central object of the
volume, although temporal and dynamic aspects are also taken into
consideration by a good number of papers. Although tonal and prosodic
distinctions have been dealt with throughout man's literate history with
reference to the study of language, for example by classical philosophers
such as Plato and Aristotle, it is in recent decades that we have witnessed
the most fertile growth in intonation studies, as with experimental
phonetics and speech technology in general. As Rossi (this volume) points
out, intonation research really began to blossom in the sixties with a multi
fold increase in prosodic studies, reflected in contributions to the
International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (ICPhS), and in the
international literature.
In the present decade, intonation has become established as a major
research area in speech and language-related subjects and disciplines, as
A. Botinis (ed.), Intonation
© Kluwer Academic Publishers 2000