Table Of ContentIntimate Relationships across the Lifespan
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Intimate Relationships
across the Lifespan
Formation, Development, Enrichment,
and Maintenance
Abdul Khaleque
Foreword by Ronald P. Rohner
Copyright © 2018 by Abdul Khaleque
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or other wise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a
review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher.
Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data
Names: Khaleque, Abdul, Ph.D. author.
Title: Intimate relationships across the lifespan : formation, development, enrichment,
and maintenance / Abdul Khaleque ; foreword by Ronald P. Rohner.
Description: Santa Barbara, California : Praeger, an imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC,
[2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017037296 (print) | LCCN 2017046746 (ebook) |
ISBN 9781440861413 (ebook) | ISBN 9781440861406 (hardcopy : acid-free paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Intimacy (Psychology) | Interpersonal relations.
Classification: LCC BF575.I5 (ebook) | LCC BF575.I5 K48 2018 (print) |
DDC 158.2—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017037296
ISBN: 978-1-4408-6140-6 (print)
978-1-4408-6141-3 (ebook)
22 21 20 19 18 1 2 3 4 5
This book is also available as an eBook.
Praeger
An Imprint of ABC- CLIO, LLC
ABC-C LIO, LLC
130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911
Santa Barbara, California 93116 - 1911
www.abc- c lio. c om
This book is printed on acid- free paper
Manufactured in the United States of Amer i ca
Contents
Foreword by Ronald P. Rohner xi
Preface xiii
Acknowl edgments xv
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Origin and Meaning of Intimacy 1
Ele ments of Intimacy 1
Intimate Relationships 2
Dynamics and Dimensions of Intimate Relationships 3
Dimensions of Intimate Relationships 3
Fear of Intimacy 5
Correlates of Intimate Relationships 6
Chapter Summary 15
Reflective Questions 16
Chapter 2 Research Methods 17
Major Concepts 17
Characteristics of Research 17
Research Objectives 18
Research Information 19
Research Topic and Proposal 19
Hypothesis 20
Research Designs 21
Sampling 27
Chapter Summary 31
Reflective Questions 32
vi Contents
Chapter 3 Intimate Relationships across the Lifespan 33
Major Lifespan Premises 33
Attachment Relationships during Adolescence 38
Romantic Relationships of Adolescents 41
Sexual Be hav ior of Adolescents 42
Teen Pregnancy and Abortion 46
Adult Intimate Relationships 49
Chapter Summary 63
Reflective Questions 63
Chapter 4 Historical and Theoretical Perspectives of
Intimate Relationships 65
Historical Perspective 65
Theoretical Perspective 67
Psychosocial Theory 69
Humanistic Theory 74
Bioecological Systems Theory 76
Chapter Summary 78
Reflective Questions 80
Chapter 5 Interpersonal Acceptance- Rejection Theory and
Attachment Theory 81
Interpersonal Acceptance- Rejection Theory 81
Origin of Interpersonal Acceptance- Rejection Theory 83
Basic Tenets of Interpersonal
Acceptance- Rejection Theory 84
Paradigm Shift in Interpersonal
Acceptance- Rejection Theory 89
Cross- Cultural Implications of Interpersonal
Acceptance- Rejection Theory 90
Criticisms of the Theory 90
Attachment Theory 90
Chapter Summary 103
Reflective Questions 104
Chapter 6 Theory-B ased Research on Intimate Relationships 105
Review of IPARTheory Lit er a ture 105
Attachment Research Lit er a ture 119
Review of Adult Attachment Research 119
Chapter Summary 125
Reflective Questions 127
Contents vii
Chapter 7 Communication in Intimate Relationships 129
Dif fer ent Categories of Communication 129
Effective Communication 140
Chapter Summary 142
Reflective Questions 143
Chapter 8 Attraction and Intimate Relationships 145
Foundation of Attraction 145
Attraction and Personality 150
Attraction among Gays and Lesbians 151
Attraction and Gender Ste reo types 152
Attraction and Gender- Atypical Traits 153
Predictors of Attraction 153
Theories of Attraction 157
Chapter Summary 161
Reflective Questions 162
Chapter 9 Friendship 163
Basis of Friendships 164
Components of Friendship 164
Characteristics of a Good Friend 165
Difference between Friendship and Love 166
Rules of Friendship 166
Quality of Friendship 167
Friendship Expectations 168
Dimensions of Friendship Expectations 169
Differences in Friendship 170
Cross- Sex Friendship 171
Managing Sexual Attraction in Friendship 173
Obstacles to Friendship 174
Friendship across the Lifespan 175
Developmental Outcomes of Friendship 180
Chapter Summary 182
Reflective Questions 183
Chapter 10 Love 185
Components of Love 185
Patterns of Love 186
Individual Differences in Love 187
Dif fer ent Perspectives on Love 190
How Long Does Love Last? 198
viii Contents
Chapter Summary 199
Reflective Questions 200
Chapter 11 Sexuality 201
Sexual Attitudes and Be hav ior 202
Sexual Attitudes and Be hav ior of Older Adults 203
Sexual Double Standard 206
Sexual Orientation 206
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity 207
Cultural Aspects of Sexuality 210
Sexual Desire and Gender 210
Sex in Marital and Nonmarital Relationships 211
Safe and Healthy Sex 212
Sexual Ethics, Morality, and Religion 214
Sexual Satisfaction 215
Sexual Coercion and Aggression in Intimate
Relationships 217
Chapter Summary 220
Reflective Questions 221
Chapter 12 Intimate Relationships in Married Life 223
Types of Marriage 223
Marital Partner Se lection 224
Performing Marriage 224
Effects of Social Changes on Marriage 224
Intimacy in Marriage 226
Marriage and Happiness 226
Marital Quality, Satisfaction, and Happiness 226
Happy and Stable Marriage 228
Theories of Marital Satisfaction and Happiness 230
Money and Marital Happiness 233
Predictors of Happiness 234
Steps to Happiness 234
Divorce 235
Remarriage 240
Chapter Summary 243
Reflective Questions 244
Chapter 13 Intimate Relationships in Alternative Lifestyles 245
Cohabitation 245
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Relationships 250
Lesbian Relationships 251
Contents ix
Gay Relationship 253
Relationships between Bisexual Men and W omen 256
Transgender Relationships 257
Genderqueer Relationships 258
Chapter Summary 259
Reflective Questions 260
Chapter 14 Conflict, Abuse, and Vio lence in
Intimate Relationships 261
Conflict in Intimate Relationships 261
Partner Abuse 271
Vio lence in Intimate Relationships 277
Chapter Summary 281
Reflective Questions 283
Chapter 15 Deterioration and Loss of Intimate Relationships 285
Deterioration of Intimate Relationships 285
Loss of Intimate Relationships 287
Stages of Dissolution 293
Postbreakup Relationships 294
Coping with Relationship Breakups 295
Chapter Summary 295
Reflective Questions 296
Chapter 16 Reconstruction and Enhancement of Intimate
Relationships 297
Techniques for Repairing Intimate Relationships 297
Enrichment of Intimate Relationships 299
Maintenance of Intimate Relationships 304
Chapter Summary 311
Reflective Questions 312
References 313
Index 399
