Interventional cardiology: principles and practice

810 Pages·2017·49.373 MB·English

by  Dangas, George D., Di Mario, Carlo, Kipshidze, Nicholas

Interventional Cardiology
Principles and Practice
Second Edition
Edited by
George D. Dangas, MD, PhD, FACC, FSCAI, FESC, FAHA
Professor of Medicine
Director, Cardiovascular Innovation
Mount Sinai Medical Center
New York, NY
USA
Carlo Di Mario, MD, PhD, FRCP, FACC, FSCAI, FESC
Consultant Cardiologist
Royal Brompton Hospital
Professor of Clinical Cardiology
National Heart & Lung Institute Imperial College London
London
UK
Nicholas N. Kipshidze, MD, PhD, FACC, FESC, FSCAI
Professor of Medicine and Surgery
Consultant Cardiologist
N. Kipshidze Central University Hospital
Tbilisi, Georgia
Director,
New York Cardiovascular Research,
New York, NY
USA
Associate Editors
Peter Barlis and Tayo Addo
Foreword by
Patrick W. Serruys, MD, PhD
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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data
Names: Dangas, George D., editor. | Di Mario, Carlo, editor. | Kipshidze,
Nicholas N., editor.
Title: Interventional cardiology : principles and practice / edited by George
D. Dangas, Carlo Di Mario, Nicholas N. Kipshidze ; foreword by Patrick W.
Serruys.
Other titles: Interventional cardiology (Di Mario)
Description: Second edition. | Chichester, West Sussex ; Ames, Iowa : John
Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016018228 (print) | LCCN 2016018438 (ebook) | ISBN
9781118976036 (cloth) | ISBN 9781118975930 (pdf) | ISBN 9781118976067
(epub)
Subjects: | MESH: Cardiovascular Diseases–therapy | Cardiac Surgical
Procedures | Cardiovascular Diseases–diagnosis
Classification: LCC RD598 (print) | LCC RD598 (ebook) | NLM WG 166 | DDC
617.4/12–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016018228
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.
Cover image: Courtesy of the Editors and Associate Editors.
Set in 9/11pt Minion by SPi Global, Pondicherry, India
1 2017
Contents
About the Companion Website vi 12 PCI Strategies in Acute Coronary Syndromes without
ST Segment Elevation (NSTEACS) 148
Contributors vii
Georgios E. Christakopoulos, Subhash Banerjee,
Foreword xvi
and Emmanouil S. Brilakis
Preface xvii
13 Primary and Rescue PCI in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Acknowledgments xviii and Elements of Myocardial Conditioning 155
Tayo Addo, Neil Swanson, and Anthony Gershlick
Part I Principles and Techniques 1 14 The Management of Cardiogenic Shock and Hemodynamic
Support Devices and Techniques 163
Section I Basic Knowledge 3
Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, Dagmar Ouweneel,
1 Atherogenesis and Inflammation 3 and José P.S. Henriques
Umair Hayat, Vikas Thondapu, Tim Tsay,
Section IV PCI in Different Lesion Types 168
and Peter Barlis
15 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Unprotected
2 The Essentials of Femoral Vascular Access
Left Main 168
and Closure 17
Gill Louise Buchanan, Alaide Chieffo, and Antonio
Ted Feldman and Mohammad Sarraf
Colombo
3 Radial Artery, Alternative Arm Access, and Related
16 Bifurcation Lesion Stenting 175
Techniques 27
Yves Louvard, Thierry Lefevre, Bernard Chevalier,
Thomas J. Ford, Martin K.C. Ng, Vikas Thondapu,
and Philippe Garot
and Peter Barlis
17 Risk Stratification Approach to Multivessel Coronary
4 Optimal Angiographic Views for Coronary
Artery Disease 185
Angioplasty 34
Davide Capodanno and Corrado Tamburino
Gioel Gabrio Secco and Carlo Di Mario
18 Chronic Total Coronary Occlusion 190
5 Material Selection 44
Gerald S. Werner and Emmanouil S. Brilakis
Sahil A. Parikh, Michele Pighi, and Carlo Di Mario
19 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Arterial
Section II Imaging and Physiology 59
and Vein Grafts 201
6 Physiologic Assessment in the Cardiac Catheterization Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, José P.S. Henriques, and George
Laboratory: CFR, FFR, iFR, and Beyond 59 D. Dangas
Sukhjinder Nijjer and Justin Davies
20 Interventional Approach in Small Vessel, Diffuse,
7 Intravascular Ultrasound and Virtual Histology: Principles, and Tortuous Coronary Artery Disease 205
Image Interpretation, and Clinical Applications 71 Robert Pyo
Adriano Caixeta, Akiko Maehara, and Gary S. Mintz
21 In‐Stent Restenosis in New Generation DES Era 213
8 Optical Coherence Tomography, Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy, Marco G. Mennuni and Patrizia Presbitero
and Near‐Infrared Fluorescence Molecular Imaging 91
Section V Special Techniques
Ismail Dogu Kilic, Roberta Serdoz, Enrico Fabris, Farouc
and Complications 224
Amin Jaffer, and Carlo Di Mario
22 Laser, Rotational, and Orbital Coronary
9 Complementary Imaging Techniques: Multislice
Atherectomy 224
Computed Tomography of Coronary Arteries 107
Kaleab N. Asrress, Peter O’Kane, Robert Pyo,
Omosalewa O. Lalude, Francesca Pugliese, Pim J. de
and Simon R. Redwood
Feyter, and Stamatios Lerakis
23 Thrombus‐Containing Lesions 233
10 Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging 126
Giovanni Luigi De Maria and Adrian P. Banning
Omosalewa O. Lalude and Stamatios Lerakis
24 Specialized Balloons in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention:
Section III PCI in Different Clinical Settings 138
Cutting, Scoring, Gliding, and Drug‐Eluting Balloons 244
11 Stable Coronary Artery Disease 138 Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, José P.S. Henriques,
Abhiram Prasad and Bernard J. Gersh and George D. Dangas
iii
iv Contents
25 Coronary Artery Dissections, Perforations, 42 Parenteral Antiplatelet Agents in PCI 415
and the No‐Reflow Phenomenon 248 Piera Capranzano, Giuseppe Gargiulo,
Adriano Caixeta, Luiz Fernando Ybarra, Azeem Latib, and Corrado Tamburino
Flavio Airoldi, Roxana Mehran, and George D. Dangas
43 Role of Parenteral Agents in PCI for Stable Patients 421
26 Access Site Complications 267 Joanna Ghobrial, David A. Burke, and Duane S. Pinto
Jose M. Wiley, Fernando Pastor, and Cristina Sanina
44 Vasoactive and Antiarrhythmic Drugs During PCI 432
27 Renal Insufficiency and the Impact of Contrast Agents 274 Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen and José P.S. Henriques
Michael Donahue and Carlo Briguori
45 The Optimal Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy
28 Radiation Management in Interventional Cardiology 282 After PCI 436
Stephen Balter and Charles E. Chambers Mikkel Malby Schoos, Roxana Mehran,
and George D. Dangas
29 Concepts of Cell Therapy and Myocardial Regeneration 290
Kevin O’Gallagher, Zoë Astroulakis, Alex Sirker, 46 Triple Antiplatelet Therapy and Combinations
and Jonathan M. Hill with Oral Anticoagulants After PCI 443
Jonathan A. Batty, Joseph R. Dunford, Roxana Mehran,
Section VI Clinical Trials in Coronary Heart
and Vijay Kunadian
Disease 296
Section III Pharmacological Testing 453
30 Statistical Essentials in the Design and Analysis
of Clinical Trials 296 47 Peri‐procedural Platelet Function Testing in Risk
Usman Baber and Stuart J. Pocock Stratification and Clinical Decision Making 453
Paul A. Gurbel, Fang Liu, Gailing Chen,
31 Historical Perspective of Sirolimus and Paclitaxel‐Eluting
and Udaya S. Tantry
Stent Clinical Studies 301
Adriano Caixeta, Leonardo Guimarães, Philippe 48 Genetics and Pharmacogenetics in Interventional
Généreux, and George D. Dangas Cardiology 459
Hillary Johnston‐Cox, Johan L.M. Björkegren,
32 Cobalt‐Chromium Everolimus‐Eluting Stents 313
and Jason C. Kovacic
Vikas Thondapu, Yoshinobu Onuma, Bimmer E.P.M.
Claessen, Patrick W. Serruys, and Peter Barlis 49 Monitoring and Reversal of Anticoagulation
and Antiplatelet Agents 469
33 Platinum‐Chromium Everolimus‐Eluting Stents 326
Gregory W. Yost and Steven R. Steinhubl
Vikas Thondapu, Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, George
D. Dangas, Patrick W. Serruys, and Peter Barlis
34 Bioresorbable Stents 335 Part III Hypertension and Structural
Gianluca Caiazzo, Alessio Mattesini, Ciro Indolfi, Heart Disease 485
and Carlo Di Mario
Section I Systemic and Pulmonary
35 The Biolimus Stent Family 344
Hypertension 487
Anna Franzone, Raffaele Piccolo, and Stephan Windecker
50 Right Heart Catheterization and Pulmonary
36 The Biotronik Stent Family 360
Hemodynamics 487
Anna Franzone, Raffaele Piccolo, and Stephan Windecker
P. Christian Schulze
37 Novel Drug‐Eluting Stent Systems 368
51 Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism: Medical,
J. Ribamar Costa, Jr., Adriano Caixeta,
Surgical, and Percutaneous 491
and Alexandre A.C. Abizaid
Ian del Conde and Barry T. Katzen
52 Renal Denervation for Resistant Hypertension 499
Part II Interventional Pharmacology 377
Hitesh C. Patel, Carl Hayward, Sebastian Ewen,
Section I Fundamentals of Interventional and Felix Mahfoud
Pharmacology 379 Section II Structural Heart Interventions 507
38 Basics of Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Therapy 53 Antithrombotic Strategies in Valvular and Structural
for Cardiovascular Disease 379 Heart Disease Interventions 507
Piera Capranzano and Dominick J. Angiolillo Mikkel Malby Schoos, Davide Capodanno,
39 Balance of Ischemia and Bleeding in Selecting and George D. Dangas
Antithrombotic Regimens 389 54 Alcohol Septal Ablation for Hypertrophic
Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen and José P.S. Henriques Obstructive Cardiomyopathy 517
Section II Pharmacological Agents 397 Amir‐Ali Fassa, George D. Dangas, and Ulrich Sigwart
40 Oral Antiplatelet Agents in PCI 397 55 Left Atrial Appendage Exclusion 525
Jonathan A. Batty, Joseph R. Dunford, George D. Dangas, Jorge G. Panizo and Jacob S. Koruth
and Vijay Kunadian 56 Cryptogenic Stroke, Patent Foramen Ovale, and ASD
Closure 530
41 Parenteral Anticoagulant Agents in PCI 408
Barry Love
Piera Capranzano, Corrado Tamburino, and George D. Dangas
Contents v
57 Paravalvular Leak Closure and Ventricular Septal 70 Cerebral Aneurysms: Diagnosis, Indications,
Defect Closure 540 and Strategies for Endovascular Treatment 671
Saurabh Sanon, Mackram F. Eleid, Allison K. Cabalka, Gyula Gál
and Charanjit S. Rihal
Section II Aorta and Branch Diseases 677
Section III Valvular Heart Disease
71 Management of Acute Aortic Syndromes 677
Interventions 546
Christoph A. Nienaber and Rachel E. Clough
58 Aortic Valvuloplasty and Large‐Bore Percutaneous Arterial 72 Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm
Access 546 Repair 687
Matthew I. Tomey, Annapoorna S. Kini, Samin K. Paul S. Lajos and Michael L. Marin
Sharma, and Jason C. Kovacic
73 Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair 692
59 Transfemoral Aortic Valve Implantation: Preparation, William Beckerman, Paul S. Lajos, and Peter L. Faries
Implantation, and Complications 558
74 Acute and Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia 698
Brandon M. Jones, Samir R. Kapadia, Amar
Robert J. Rosen, Amit Jain, and Jennifer Drury
Krishnaswamy, Stephanie Mick, and E. Murat Tuzcu
75 Renal Artery Interventions 705
60 Transthoracic Aortic Valve Implantation 569
Mark Shipeng Yu, Kun Xiang, Steven T. Haller,
Giuseppe Bruschi, Kaleab N. Asrress, Paola Colombo,
and Christopher J. Cooper
and Vinayak N. Bapat
76 Revascularization for Arteries in the Pelvis 713
61 New Aortic Valve Technologies 575
Femi Philip and Jason H. Rogers
Dimytri Alexandre Siqueira and Alexandre A.C. Abizaid
Section III Peripheral Arterial
62 Transseptal Puncture 582
Disease 721
Alec Vahanian, Dominique Himbert, Fabrice
Extramiana, Gregory Ducrocq, and Eric Brochet 77 Iliac Interventions 721
63 Principles of Carpentier’s Reconstructive Surgery Manish Taneja and Apoorva Gogna
in Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease 592 78 Superficial Femoral Artery Interventions 726
Farzan Filsoufi and Alain Carpentier Cristina Sanina, Pedro R. Cox‐Alomar,
64 Mitral Valve Repair: MitraClip and Emerging Prakash Krishnan, and Jose M. Wiley
Techniques 599 79 Popliteal Artery Interventions 733
Ted Feldman, Mohammad Sarraf, Mayra Guerrero, Karthik Gujja, Gopi Punukollu, Vishal Kapur, and
and Francesco Maisano Prakash Krishnan
65 Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty 606 80 Below the Knee Interventions in Critical Limb
C.N. Manjunath, Nagaraja Moorthy, and Upendra Kaul Ischemia 738
66 Pulmonary Artery and Valve Catheter‐Based Karthik Gujja, Katarzyna Nasiadko, Arthur Tarricone,
Interventions 619 and Prakash Krishnan
Kasey Chaszczewski, Damien Kenny, and Ziyad M. Hijazi 81 Subclavian, Vertebral, and Upper Extremity
67 Imaging for Planning and Guidance for Structural Vascular Disease 748
Heart Interventions 629 Ian Del Conde, Cristina Sanina, and Jose M. Wiley
Ankit Parikh and Stamatios Lerakis Section IV Venous Disease/Interventions 754
82 Antithrombotic Strategies in Endovascular Interventions:
Part IV Vascular Disease for the Current Status and Future Directions 754
Interventionalist 641 Mehdi H. Shishehbor
83 Chronic Venous Insufficiency 759
Section I Cerebrovascular Disease 643
Karthik Gujja, Cristina Sanina, and Jose M. Wiley
68 Acute Stroke Intervention 643
84 Cardiac Vein Anatomy and Transcoronary Sinus
Stefan C. Bertog, Iris Q. Grunwald, Anna Luisa Kühn,
Catheter Interventions in Myocardial Ischemia 768
Laura Vaskelyte, Ilona Hofmann, Sameer Gafoor,
Werner Mohl, Levente Molnár, and Béla Merkely
Markus Reinartz, Predrag Matic, and Horst Sievert
69 Carotid Artery Angioplasty and Stenting 653
Alberto Cremonesi, Shane Gieowarsingh, and Fausto Castriota Index 776
About the Companion Website
Don’t forget to visit the companion website for this book:
www.wiley.com/go/dangas/cardiology
There you will find valuable material designed to enhance your
learning, including:
• 19 procedural videos illustrating key procedures
• More than 400 interactive multiple choice questions
Scan this QR code to visit the companion website:
vi
CCoonnttrriibbuuttoorrss
Alexandre A.C. Abizaid, MD, PhD Adrian P. Banning, MBBS, MD, FRCP, FESC
Director, Invasive Cardiology Department Consultant Cardiologist
Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia (IDPC); Oxford Heart Centre, Oxford University Hospitals
Hospital do Coração—Associação do Sanatório Sírio (HCor); John Radcliffe Hospital
Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein Oxford, UK
São Paulo, Brazil
Vinayak N. Bapat, MBBS, MS, FRCS.CTh
Tayo Addo, MD Department of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery
St Thomas’ Hospital;
Associate Professor of Medicine
King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas’ Hospital
Dallas, TX, USA
London, UK
Flavio Airoldi, MD Peter Barlis, MBBS, MPH, PHD, FACC, FESC, FRACP
Director Professor of Medicine
Interventional Cardiology Unit Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences
IRCCS Multimedica The University of Melbourne
Sesto San Giovanni, Italy Victoria, Australia
Dominick J. Angiolillo, MD, PhD Jonathan A. Batty, BSc, MBChB
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology Institute of Cellular Medicine
University of Florida College of Medicine—Jacksonville Newcastle University;
Jacksonville, FL, USA The Royal Victoria Infirmary
Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Kaleab N. Asrress, MA, PhD, MRCP
Department of Cardiology William Beckerman, MD
St. Thomas’ Hospital;
Resident in Vascular Surgery
King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of
Division of Vascular Surgery
Excellence
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas’ Hospital
New York, NY, USA
London, UK
Stefan C. Bertog, MD
Zoë Astroulakis, MBBS, MRCP, PhD CardioVascular Center Frankfurt
Consultant in Interventional Cardiology Frankfurt, Germany
Department of Cardiology, St George’s Hospital
Johan L.M. Björkegren, MD, PhD
London, UK
The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute
Usman Baber, MD, MS and the Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences
Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology
Director of Clinical Biometrics
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Cardiovascular Institute Assistant Professor of Medicine
New York, NY, USA
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
New York, NY, USA Carlo Briguori, MD, PhD, FACC, FSCAI
Chief of Interventional Cardiology
Stephen Balter, PhD
Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology
Professor of Radiology and Medicine Clinica Mediterranea
Columbia University Medical Center Naples, Italy
New York, NY, USA
Emmanouil S. Brilakis, MD, PhD
Subhash Banerjee, MD Minneapolis Heart Institute
Chief of Cardiology Minneapolis, MN, USA;
VA North Texas Health Care System; Professor of Medicine
Professor of Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas VA Medical Center
Dallas, TX, USA Dallas, TX, USA
vii
viii Contributors
Eric Brochet, MD Kasey Chaszczewski, MD
Cardiologist Rush University Medical Center
Echocardiography Laboratory Chicago, IL, USA
Department of Cardiology
Hôpital Bichat‐Claude Bernard Gailing Chen, MD
Paris, France Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research
Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory
Giuseppe Bruschi, MD, FESC
Baltimore, MD, USA
Department of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery
Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital Bernard Chevalier, FESC
Milan, Italy Institut Cardiovasculaire Paris Sud
Hôpital Privé Jacques Cartier, Massy;
Gill Louise Buchanan, MBChB
Hôpital Privé Claude Galien
Department of Cardiology
Quincy, France
North Cumbria University NHS Trust
Carlisle, UK Alaide Chieffo, MD
David A. Burke, MD Consultant Interventional Cardiologist
Interventional Cardiology Unit
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
San Raffaele Scientific Hospital
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Milan, Italy
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA, USA Georgios E. Christakopoulos, MD
Allison K. Cabalka, MD Research Fellow
Division of Pediatric Cardiology VA North Texas Health Care System;
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Rochester, MN, USA Dallas, TX, USA
Gianluca Caiazzo, MD, PhD Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, MD, PhD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Department of Cardiology
Magna Graecia University Academic Medical Center—University of Amsterdam
Catanzaro, Italy; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
National Institute of Health Research (NIHR)
Rachel E. Clough, MD
Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust
London, UK University Heart Center Rostock
Department of Internal Medicine
Adriano Caixeta, MD, PhD
Cardiology, Pulmonology, Intensive Care Medicine
Interventional Cardiologist Rostock School of Medicine
Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; Rostock, Germany
Professor of Medicine
Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Antonio Colombo, MD
São Paulo, Brazil Interventional Cardiology Unit
San Raffaele Scientific Hospital
Davide Capodanno, MD, PhD
Milan, Italy
Associate Professor of Cardiology
University of Catania; Paola Colombo, MD, PhD
Interventional Cardiologist
Department of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery
Ferrarotto Hospital
Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital
Catania, Italy
Milan, Italy
Piera Capranzano, MD
Christopher J. Cooper, MD
Cardiovascular Department
Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine
Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania
University of Toledo
Catania, Italy
Toledo, OH, USA
Alain Carpentier, MD, PhD
J. Ribamar Costa, Jr., PhD
Hôpital Européen Georges‐Pompidou
Paris, France Chief of the Medical Section of Coronary Intervention of the Instituto Dante
Pazzanese de Cardiologia (IDPC);
Fausto Castriota, MD Hospital do Coração—Associação do Sanatório Sírio (HCor)
Maria Cecilia Hospital São Paulo, Brazil
GVM Care & Research
Pedro R. Cox‐Alomar, MD, MPH, FACC
Cotignola, Italy
Interventional Cardiology Fellow
Charles E. Chambers, MD Division of Cardiology
Professor of Medicine and Radiology University of Florida College of Medicine
Penn State Hershey Medical Center UF Health Medical Center
Hershey, PA, USA Jacksonville, FL, USA
Contributors ix
Alberto Cremonesi, MD Fabrice Extramiana, MD
Maria Cecilia Hospital Hôpital Bichat‐Claude Bernard
GVM Care & Research Paris, France
Cotignola, Italy
Enrico Fabris, MD
George D. Dangas, MD, PhD, FACC, FSCAI, Interventional Cardiologist
FESC, FAHA National Institute of Health Research (NIHR)
Professor of Medicine Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London;
Director, Cardiovascular Innovation NHLI Imperial College London
Department of Cardiology London, UK;
Mount Sinai Medical Center Cardiovascular Department
New York, NY Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste
USA Trieste, Italy
Peter L. Faries, MD, FACS
Justin Davies, BSc, MBBS, MRCP, PhD
The Franz W. Sichel Professor of Surgery
Imperial College London
Chief, Division of Vascular Surgery
London, UK
Professor of Surgery & Radiology
Giovanni Luigi De Maria, MD Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
New York, NY, USA
Oxford Heart Centre, Oxford University Hospitals
John Radcliffe Hospital Amir‐Ali Fassa, MD
Oxford, UK
La Tour Hospital
Ian del Conde, MD, FACC Geneva, Switzerland
Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute Ted Feldman, MD, FESC, FACC, MSCAI
Miami, FL, USA
Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratories
Carlo Di Mario, MD, PhD, FRCP, FACC, Evanston Hospital
NorthShore University HealthSystem
FSCAI, FESC
Evanston, IL, USA
Consultant Cardiologist
National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Pim J. de Feyter, MD, PhD, FESC, FACC
Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London; Professor of Cardiac Imaging
Professor of Clinical Cardiology Departments of Cardiology and Radiology
National Heart & Lung Institute Imperial College London Erasmus MC University Medical Center
London, UK Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Michael Donahue, MD Farzan Filsoufi, MD
Interventional Cardiologist Professor
Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology Department of Cardiovascular Surgery
Clinica Mediterranea Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Naples, Italy New York, NY
USA
Jennifer Drury
Physician Assistant Thomas J. Ford, MBChB
Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute Department of Cardiology
New York, NY St. George Hospital;
USA Faculty of Medicine
University of New South Wales
Gregory Ducrocq, MD Sydney, New South Wales
Hôpital Bichat‐Claude Bernard Australia
Paris, France
Anna Franzone, MD
Joseph R. Dunford, MRes Department of Cardiology
Institute of Cellular Medicine Bern University Hospital
Newcastle University Bern, Switzerland
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Sameer Gafoor, MD
Mackram F. Eleid, MD CardioVascular Center Frankfurt
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Frankfurt, Germany;
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Swedish Medical Center
Rochester, MN, USA Seattle, WA, USA
Sebastian Ewen, MD Gyula Gál, MD
Klinik für Innere Medizin III Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology
Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes Odense University Hospital
Homburg‐Saar, Germany Odense, Denmark
x Contributors
Giuseppe Gargiulo, MD Paul A. Gurbel, MD
Cardiovascular Department Director, Inova Center for Thrombosis
Ferrarotto Hospital Research and Drug Development
University of Catania Inova Heart and Vascular Institute
Catania, Italy Falls Church, VA, USA
Philippe Garot, FESC Steven T. Haller, PhD
Institut Cardiovasculaire Paris Sud Department of Medicine
Hôpital Privé Jacques Cartier, Massy; Cardiovascular Medicine
Hôpital Privé Claude Galien University of Toledo
Quincy, France Toledo, OH, USA
Philippe Généreux, MD
Umair Hayat
Clinical Instructor
Melbourne Medical School
Division of Cardiology
Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences
Center for Interventional Vascular Therapy
The University of Melbourne
Columbia University Medical Center
Victoria, Australia
New York, NY, USA
Bernard J. Gersh, MBChB, DPhil, FACC Carl Hayward, MB, BChir, MRCP, MA
Professor of Medicine Cardiology Research Fellow
Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic College of Medicine National Institute of Health Research (NIHR)
Rochester, MN, USA Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust
London, UK
Anthony Gershlick, MBBS, BSc, FRCP
University of Leicester José P.S. Henriques, MD, PhD
Leicester, UK
Department of Cardiology
Academic Medical Center—University of Amsterdam
Joanna Ghobrial, MD, MS
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
Department of Medicine
Ziyad M. Hijazi, MD, MPH, MSCAI
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Professor of Pediatrics
Harvard Medical School
Weill Cornell Medicine
Boston, MA, USA
Chair, Department of Pediatrics
Shane Gieowarsingh, MBBS, MET Sidra Medical and Research Center
Maria Cecilia Hospital Doha, Qatar
GVM Care & Research
Cotignola, Italy Jonathan M. Hill, MD
Department of Cardiology
Apoorva Gogna, MBBS, FRCR King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Consultant, Interventional Radiology London, UK
Singapore General Hospital
Singapore Dominique Himbert, MD
Cardiologist
Iris Q. Grunwald, MD, PhD Department of Cardiology
Post Graduate Medical Institute Hôpital Bichat‐Claude Bernard
Anglia Ruskin University Paris, France
Chelmsford, UK;
Southend University Hospital Ilona Hofmann, MD
Southend‐on‐Sea, UK
CardioVascular Center Frankfurt
Frankfurt, Germany
Mayra Guerrero, MD, FACC, FSCAI
NorthShore University HealthSystem Ciro Indolfi, MD
Evanston, IL, USA
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical
and Surgical Sciences
Leonardo Guimarães, MD
Magna Graecia University
Interventional Cardiologist
Catanzaro, Italy
Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; 
Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Farouc Amin Jaffer, MD, PhD
São Paulo, Brazil
Associate Professor
Karthik Gujja, MD, MPH Cardiology Division
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Boston, MA, USA
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai;
Assistant Director of Endovascular Fellowship
Amit Jain, MD
The Zeta and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute
New York, NY, USA New York, NY, USA