Internet of things A to Z : technologies and applications

705 Pages·2018·59.43 MB·English

by  Qusay F. Hassan (Editor)

InternetofThingsAtoZ
IEEEPress
445HoesLane
Piscataway,NJ08854
IEEEPressEditorialBoard
EkramHossain,EditorinChief
GiancarloFortino AndreasMolisch LindaShafer
DavidAlanGrier SaeidNahavandi MohammadShahidehpour
DonaldHeirman RayPerez SarahSpurgeon
XiaoouLi JeffreyReed AhmetMuratTekalp
Internet of Things A to Z
Technologies and Applications
Edited by Qusay F. Hassan
Copyright2018byTheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers,Inc.Allrights
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ISBN:978-1-111-945674-2
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
v
Table of Contents
Preface xix
Acknowledgments xxv
Contributors xxvii
PartI ConceptsandPerspectives 1
1 IntroductiontotheInternetofThings 3
DetlefSchoder
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 InternetofThingsConcepts 7
1.2.1 CoreConcepts:SmartObjectsandSmartEnvironments 7
1.2.2 RelatedConcepts:Machine-to-MachineCommunications,
IndustrialInternetofThings,andIndustry4.0 8
1.2.2.1 Machine-to-MachineCommunications 9
1.2.2.2 IndustrialInternetandIndustry4.0 10
1.3 WhoWorksontheInternetofThings? 11
1.4 InternetofThingsFramework 12
1.5 InformationandCommunicationTechnologyInfrastructure 14
1.5.1 ArchitectureandReferenceModels 14
1.5.2 NetworksandConnectivity 16
1.5.3 Embedding 19
1.5.4 Sensors 22
1.5.5 Actuators 24
1.5.6 PowerSupply 24
1.5.7 Identification 25
1.5.7.1 RadioFrequencyIdentification 25
1.5.7.2 AddressingSchemesBasedonIPv6andElectronic
ProductCode 27
1.5.8 Localization 28
vi TableofContents
1.5.9 CloudComputingandFogComputing 29
1.6 DerivedQualitiesofModernICT 31
1.6.1 ContextAwareness,Adaptability,andProactivity 31
1.6.2 IncreasedDataQuality 32
1.6.2.1 DimensionsofDataQuality 32
1.6.2.2 EffectsofIncreasedDataQuality 33
1.6.3 IntuitiveInteraction 33
1.7 PotentialforProduct,Process,andBusinessModelInnovations 34
1.7.1 ProductInnovation 35
1.7.2 ProcessInnovation 36
1.7.3 BusinessModelInnovation 37
1.8 ImplicationsandChallenges 38
1.8.1 NewMarkets 38
1.8.2 ChangedValueCreation 39
1.8.3 IncreasedAwarenessforInformationSpaces 40
1.8.4 Social,Ethical,Legal,andRiskAspects 41
1.9 Conclusion 44
References 45
2 Environment,People,andTimeasFactorsintheInternetofThings
TechnicalRevolution 51
JanSliwa
2.1 Introduction 51
2.2 TechnicalRevolutions 52
2.2.1 PastExperience 52
2.2.2 InternetofThingsasaTechnicalRevolution 53
2.3 Cyber–Physical–SocialSystems 54
2.4 Environment 56
2.4.1 PhysicalEnvironment 56
2.4.2 OtherTechnicalSystems 57
2.5 Time 58
2.5.1 ChangingGoalsandValues 58
2.5.2 InteroperabilityDegradation 59
2.5.3 Long-TermSupport 60
2.5.4 ErosionandEconomy 61
2.5.5 TransferringAdaptableObjects 62
2.6 People 63
2.6.1 Users 63
2.6.2 Developers 63
2.6.3 Supporters 65
2.6.4 ProjectManagers 65
2.6.5 Manufacturers 66
2.6.6 Regulators 66
TableofContents vii
2.7 Cybersecurity 67
2.8 ReasoningfromData 69
2.9 AdaptableSelf-OrganizingSystems 70
2.10 MoralThings 72
2.11 Conclusion 74
References 75
PartII Enablers 77
3 AnOverviewofEnablingTechnologiesfortheInternetofThings 79
FaisalAlsubaei,AbdullahAbuhussein,andSajjanShiva
3.1 Introduction 79
3.2 OverviewofIoTArchitecture 80
3.3 EnablingTechnologies 81
3.3.1 PerceptionLayerTechnologies 81
3.3.1.1 Passive 82
3.3.1.2 Semipassive 83
3.3.1.3 Active 83
3.3.2 NetworkLayerTechnologies 84
3.3.2.1 Identification 84
3.3.2.2 Communication 86
3.3.2.3 Security 92
3.3.2.4 Routing 92
3.3.3 MiddlewareTechnologies 93
3.3.3.1 ServiceDiscovery 94
3.3.3.2 DataExchange 95
3.3.3.3 Computation 98
3.3.4 ApplicationLayerTechnologies 100
3.3.4.1 Identity-RelatedServices 100
3.3.4.2 InformationAggregationServices 101
3.3.4.3 CollaborativeAwareServices 101
3.3.4.4 UbiquitousServices 101
3.3.5 BusinessLayerTechnologies 101
3.3.5.1 Semantics 101
3.3.5.2 BigDataAnalytics 103
3.4 IoTPlatformsandOperatingSystems 105
3.5 Conclusion 108
References 109
4 CloudandFogComputingintheInternetofThings 113
DanielHapp
4.1 Introduction 113
viii TableofContents
4.2 IoTSystemRequirements 114
4.3 CloudComputinginIoT 116
4.3.1 AdvantagesofUsingtheCloudforIoT 118
4.3.2 ExamplesofCloud-BasedIoT 119
4.3.2.1 IndustrialDomain 119
4.3.2.2 SmartCities 119
4.3.2.3 Health/Well-Being 120
4.3.3 KeyChallengesofCloud-BasedIoT 121
4.4 FogComputinginIoT 122
4.4.1 AdvantagesofUsingtheFogforIoT 124
4.4.2 PotentialFutureFogUseCasesintheIoT 125
4.4.2.1 SmartGrid 125
4.4.2.2 ConnectedVehicles 126
4.4.2.3 Education 126
4.4.2.4 HealthCare 126
4.4.2.5 SmartBuildings 127
4.4.2.6 Surveillance 127
4.4.2.7 Wearables 127
4.4.2.8 VirtualReality 128
4.4.3 ExamplesofFog-BasedIoT 128
4.4.3.1 IndustrialDomain 128
4.4.3.2 SmartCities 128
4.4.3.3 Health/Well-Being 129
4.4.4 KeyChallengesofFog-BasedIoT 130
4.5 Conclusion 131
References 132
5 RFIDintheInternetofThings 135
AkaaAgbaezeEteng,SharulKamalAbdulRahim,
andCheeYenLeow
5.1 Introduction 135
5.2 HistoricalPerspective 135
5.3 RFIDandtheInternetofThings 137
5.3.1 ObjectIdentificationusingRFID 139
5.3.2 RFIDSensors 140
5.3.3 RFIDSensorLocalization 141
5.3.4 ConnectingRFIDSensorstothe
Internet 142
5.4 EmergentIssues 144
5.5 Conclusion 146
References 146