International Handbook of Adolescent Pregnancy: Medical, Psychosocial, and Public Health Responses

699 Pages·2014·8.68 MB·English

by  Mary E. Dillon

Andrew L. Cherry · Mary E. Dillon
Editors
International
Handbook of
Adolescent Pregnancy
Medical, Psychosocial, and
Public Health Responses
International Handbook of Adolescent
Pregnancy
Andrew L. Cherry Mary E. Dillon
•
Editors
International Handbook
of Adolescent
Pregnancy
Medical, Psychosocial, and Public
Health Responses
123
Editors
Andrew L.Cherry MaryE. Dillon
Universityof Oklahoma Universityof CentralFlorida
Tulsa, OK Orlando,FL
USA USA
ISBN 978-1-4899-8025-0 ISBN 978-1-4899-8026-7 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-8026-7
SpringerNewYorkHeidelbergDordrechtLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013957715
(cid:2)SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2014
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Preface
This volume is a result of the certainty that we can learn from each
other.Especially,thereisagreatdealtobelearnedbystudyingtheway
peoplefromdifferentculturesandfromdifferentcountriesrespondtoa
sociallydefinedindividualbehavior,suchasadolescentpregnancy.This
volumeprovidesamultitudeofviewsonadolescentpregnancythatcan
helpourthinkingmovefromtheoversimplifiedconstructsbasedonour
own cultural perspective to a construct that is built upon a foundation
ofbiologicalscience(e.g.,aknowledgeofchilddevelopment,andsexual
and reproductive development), issues common to all adolescents,
particularlygirls.Thesedifferencesbetweenthewaypeoplefromvarious
countries respond to adolescent pregnancy, as will be observed in these
chapters, is the result of religious and cultural beliefs specific to
individual groups and individual countries.
In the early years of the twenty-first century, the number of adoles-
cent girls worldwide passed a population milestone of 500 million.
Among these adolescent girls, about 16 million a year start their family
as a teen mom, accounting for 11 % of births globally. The children
born to adolescent girls, however, are not distributed equally from
country to country. Some 95 % of these children, born to adolescent
girls, are born in the developing, least developed countries, and the
UnitedStates.Consequently,inadequatepreandpostnatalcareinthese
countries and communities makes pregnancy and childbearing the
leading cause of death and disability among adolescent girls and their
children (UNICEF 2012).
This reality about the number of adolescent pregnancies and child-
birth for some is an alarming turn of events and a serious threat to the
social and economic order. For others, this observation shows a failure
of families to provide adequate sexual information and a failure of
governments to protect the inalienable rights of adolescents, particu-
larity the inalienable rights of girls. For those who see adolescent sex-
uality as a problem, particularly when it is reframed as a problem of
morality, the focus is on stopping adolescent sexual behavior and thus
stopping adolescent pregnancies and abortions. For those who view
adolescentsexualbehaviorasanormalpartofadolescentdevelopment,
the focus is on sexuality education, the preventing of unintended preg-
nancy, and the delay of pregnancy. From this perspective, adolescent
v
vi Preface
sexual and reproductive health programming is designed to empower
girls and boys to act responsibly and thoughtfully if they do choose to
engage in sexual behavior. Sexual and reproductive services would
include accurate information on contraception and emergency contra-
ception, and the abundant availability of condoms for both boys and
girls. What will become apparent in these chapters is that in most
countriesadolescentmothersandtheirchildrenwillfacechallengesthat
may limit their educational achievements, impede occupational success,
anditwillincreasetheirchancesoflivinginpoverty.Itwillalsobecome
apparent that the rates of adolescent pregnancy vary across countries
from being almost non-existent, to rates as high as 100 births to ado-
lescent mothers per 1,000 live births. Based on these variations, the
philosophies,policy,andprogramscanbecomparedintermsoftherate
of adolescent pregnancy and childbearing.
This volume was compiled and written by a team of international
scholars. These researchers and practitioners provide original chapters
that critically examine country-specific perspectives and programming
related to adolescent pregnancy in its historical, religious, and cultural
contexts. Demographics on adolescent pregnancy and childbearing will
beusedtohelpdescribemedical,social,andlegalissues.Thesechapters
will also report on programs providing sex education, birth control,
maternal and childcare health provisions, and public policies that are
intended to address concerns about adolescent pregnancy.
In this volume, the first eight chapters address the major issues
associated with adolescent pregnancy. The chapter, ‘‘An International
Perspective on Adolescent Pregnancy’’ provides an overview of issues
related to international adolescent pregnancy. The next seven chapters
present issues and context, which are not country specific but impact
adolescents to a serious degree in many countries. These chapters
include biological, sexual and reproductive health, and mental health
issues. They also cover adolescent fathers, LGBTQ adolescent mothers
and fathers, and issues associated with adolescent pregnancy as a
feministissueand theeffectofviewingadolescent pregnancyasasocial
problem.
Theremaining31chaptersarecountryspecific.Thesecountriesarein
different regions of the world: North America: United States, Canada;
Central and South America: Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rico,
Mexico, Nicaragua; Europe: France, Germany, Ireland, Netherland,
Portugal, United Kingdom, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland; Central and
Eastern Europe: Russia, Eastern Europe; Africa: Indonesia, Nigeria,
South Africa, Uganda; Middle East: Iraqi, Turkey; Asia and Pacific:
Australia, India,Japan,Philippines,SouthAfrica, andVietnam.Taken
as a whole, this volume provides a wide-ranging source of information
about different and similar issues related to international and country-
specific adolescent pregnancy and childbearing.
Finally,both content andstyleofwriting varyamongtheauthors of
these chapters. These variations reflect the differences in the authors’
styleandperspectiveonadolescentpregnancy.Sincethesedifferencesin
Preface vii
stylisticapproachesamongtheauthorsmaybeusefultothereader,they
were retained in their original context, as much as possible.
Reference
UNICEF. (2012). The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS)—Round 4 programme
Global Databases. New York: United Nations Children’s Fund. More detailed
informationonmethodologyanddatasourcesisavailableat\www.childinfo.org[.
Contents
An International Perspective on Adolescent Pregnancy. . . . . . . 1
Mary E. Dillon and Andrew L. Cherry
Biological Determinants and Influences Affecting
Adolescent Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Andrew L. Cherry
Adolescent Pregnancy: Sexual and Reproductive Health. . . . . . 55
Valentina Baltag and Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli
Adolescent Pregnancy and Mental Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Mary E. Dillon
Pregnancy, Marriage, and Fatherhood in Adolescents:
A Critical Review of the Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Jorge Lyra and Benedito Medrado
Adolescent Pregnancy: A Feminist Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Catriona Macleod
Teenage Pregnancy as a Social Problem: A Comparison
of Sweden and the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Annulla Linders and Cynthia Bogard
Adolescent Pregnancy Among Lesbian, Gay,
and Bisexual Teens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Elizabeth M. Saewyc
Teenage Pregnancy in Argentina: A Reality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
María Fabiana Reina and Camil Castelo-Branco
Adolescent Pregnancy in Australia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Lucy N. Lewis and S. Rachel Skinner
Adolescent Pregnancy in Canada: Multicultural
Considerations, Regional Differences, and the Legacy
of Liberalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Anne Nordberg, Jorge Delva and Pilar Horner
ix
x Contents
Adolescent Pregnancy in Chile: A Social, Cultural,
and Political Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Jorge Delva, Pilar S. Horner and Ninive Sanchez
Adolescent Pregnancy in Colombia: The Price of Inequality
and Political Conflict. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Mónica M. Alzate
Adolescent Pregnancy in Costa Rica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Susy Villegas
Adolescent Pregnancy in Eastern Europe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Douglas Rugh
Adolescent Pregnancy in France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Mireille Le Guen and Nathalie Bajos
Adolescent Pregnancy and Parenthood in Germany . . . . . . . . . 315
Martin Pinquart and Jens P. Pfeiffer
Adolescent Girls and Health in India. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Vijayan K. Pillai and Rashmi Gupta
Sociocultural Context of Adolescent Pregnancy, Sexual
Relationships in Indonesia, and Their Implications
for Public Health Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
Zahroh Shaluhiyah and Nicholas J. Ford
An Iraqi-Specific Perspective on Adolescent Pregnancy . . . . . . 379
Abdul Kareem Al-Obaidi, Linda R. Jeffrey,
Demah Al-Obaidi and Abdulla Al-Obaidi
Adolescent Pregnancy in Ireland (Eire): Medical,
Psychosocial, and Public Health Responses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
Mary E. Dillon
Adolescent Heath, Public Health Responses,
and Sex Education Program in Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Miyuki Nagamatsu, Kiyoko Yano and Takeshi Sato
Adolescent Pregnancy in Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
Erica Quick
Adolescent Pregnancy in the Netherlands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449
C. Picavet, W. van Berlo and S. Tonnon
Adolescent Pregnancy in Nicaragua: Trends,
Policies, and Practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
Wendy Campbell and Amy Elizabeth Jenkins
Contents xi
Adolescent Pregnancy in Nigeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
Showa Obmabegho and Andrew L. Cherry
Adolescent Pregnancy in the Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505
Laurie Serquina-Ramiro
Adolescent Pregnancy in Portugal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523
Neuza Mendes and Camil Castelo-Branco
Adolescent Pregnancy in Russia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535
Lisa Gulya
Pregnancy Among Young Women in South Africa. . . . . . . . . . 545
Catriona Macleod and Tiffany Tracey
Silent Cry: Adolescent Pregnancy in South Korea . . . . . . . . . . 563
Jinseok Kim
Teenage Pregnancy in Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575
María Jesús Cancelo, Iris Soveral Rodrigues
and Camil Castelo-Branco
Adolescent Pregnancy in Sweden. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585
Annulla Linders
Adolescent Pregnancy in Switzerland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599
Françoise Narring and Michal Yaron
Adolescent Pregnancy in Turkey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605
Emel Ege, Belgin Akin and Deniz Koçog˘lu
Adolescent Pregnancy in Uganda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627
Ann-Maree Nobelius
Adolescent Pregnancy in the United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643
Rosalind Reilly, Shantini Paranjothy and David L. Fone
Adolescent Pregnancy in the United States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661
Sarah Kye Price, Dalia El-Khoury and Sundonia Wonnum
Vietnam: The Doi Moi Era and Changes
in Young People’s Lives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683
Bich Thuy Phan, Maria de Bruyn and Thi Thu Huong Tran
Postscript 7–5–13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 707
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709