Interactive Web-Based Data Visualization with R, plotly, and shiny

449 Pages·2020·104.208 MB·\449

by  Carson Sievert (Author)

Interactive Web-Based
Data Visualization with
R, plotly, and shiny
Chapman & Hall/CRC
The R Series
Series Editors
John M. Chambers, Department of Statistics, Stanford University, California, USA
Torsten Hothorn, Division of Biostatistics, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Duncan Temple Lang, Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis, USA
Hadley Wickham, RStudio, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Chapman--HallCRC-The-R-Series/book-series/CRCTHERSER
Interactive Web-Based
Data Visualization with
R, plotly, and shiny
Carson Sievert
CRC Press
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Contents
1 Introduction 1

1.1 Why interactive web graphics from R? . . . . . . . . . 1

1.2 Whatyouwilllearn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.3 Whatyouwon’tlearn(muchof) . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.3.1 Webtechnologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.3.2 d3js . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.3.3 ggplot2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.3.4 Graphicaldataanalysis . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1.3.5 Data visualization best practices . . . . . . . 13

1.4 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1.5 Runcodeexamples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1.6 Gettinghelpandlearningmore . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1.7 Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1.8 Colophon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

I Creating views 21

2 Overview 23

2.1 Intro to plot_ly() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

2.2 Introtoplotly.js . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.3 Intro to ggplotly() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3 Scattered foundations 45

3.1 Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

3.1.1 Alphablending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

3.1.2 Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

3.1.3 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

3.1.4 Strokeandspan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

3.1.5 Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

3.1.6 Dotplotsanderrorbars . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

vii
viii Contents
3.2 Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

3.2.1 Linetypes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

3.2.2 Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

3.2.3 Densityplots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

3.2.4 Parallelcoordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

3.3 Polygons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

3.3.1 Ribbons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

4 Maps 81

4.1 Integratedmaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

4.1.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

4.1.2 Choropleths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

4.2 Custommaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

4.2.1 Simplefeatures(sf) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

4.2.2 Cartograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

5 Bars and histograms 107

5.1 Multiple numeric distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

5.2 Multiple discrete distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

6 Boxplots 115

7 2D frequencies 119

7.1 Rectangular binning in plotly.js . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

7.2 RectangularbinninginR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

7.3 Categoricalaxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

8 3D charts 125

8.1 Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

8.2 Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

8.3 Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

8.4 Axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

8.5 Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

II Publishing views 133

9 Introduction 135

10 Saving and embedding HTML 137
Contents ix

11 Exporting static images 141

11.1 Withcode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

11.2 Fromabrowser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

11.3 Sizingexports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

12 Editing views for publishing 145

III Combining multiple views 149

13 Arranging views 151

13.1 Arrangingplotlyobjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

13.1.1 Recursivesubplots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

13.1.2 Other approaches and applications . . . . . . 158

13.2 Arranginghtmlwidgets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

13.2.1 flexdashboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

13.2.2 Bootstrapgridlayout . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

13.2.3 CSSflexbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

13.3 Arrangingmanyviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

14 Animating views 173

14.1 AnimationAPI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

14.2 Animationsupport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

IV Linking multiple views 183

15 Introduction 185

16 Client-side linking 189

16.1 Graphicalqueries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

16.2 Highlight versus filter events . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

16.3 Linkinganimatedviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

16.4 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

16.4.1 Querying faceted charts . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

16.4.2 Statisticalqueries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

16.4.3 Statistical queries with ggplotly() . . . . . . . 219

16.4.4 Geo-spatialqueries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

16.4.5 Linking with other htmlwidgets . . . . . . . . 226