Table Of ContentStudies in Infrastructure and Control
Jiten Shah
Shriniwas S. Arkatkar
Pravin Jadhav Editors
Intelligent
Infrastructure in
Transportation
and Management
Proceedings of i-TRAM 2021
Studies in Infrastructure and Control
SeriesEditors
DipankarDeb,DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,InstituteofInfrastructure
TechnologyResearchandManagement,Ahmedabad,Gujarat,India
AkshyaSwain,DepartmentofElectrical,Computer&SoftwareEngineering,
UniversityofAuckland,Auckland,NewZealand
AlexandraGrancharova,DepartmentofIndustrialAutomation,Universityof
ChemicalTechnologyandMetallurgy,Sofia,Bulgaria
Thebookseriesaimstopublishtop-qualitystate-of-the-arttextbooks,researchmono-
graphs, edited volumes and selected conference proceedings related to infrastruc-
ture,innovation,control,andrelatedfields.Additionally,establishedandemerging
applications related to applied areas like smart cities, internet of things, machine
learning,artificialintelligence,etc.,aredevelopedandutilizedinanefforttodemon-
strate recent innovations in infrastructure and the possible implications of control
theory therein. The study also includes areas like transportation infrastructure,
building infrastructure management and seismic vibration control, and also spans
agamutofareasfromrenewableenergyinfrastructurelikesolarparks,windfarms,
biomasspowerplantsandrelatedtechnologies,totheassociatedpoliciesandrelated
innovationsandcontrolmethodologiesinvolved.
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttps://link.springer.com/bookseries/16625
· ·
Jiten Shah Shriniwas S. Arkatkar Pravin Jadhav
Editors
Intelligent Infrastructure
in Transportation
and Management
Proceedings of i-TRAM 2021
Editors
JitenShah ShriniwasS.Arkatkar
InstituteofInfrastructure,Technology, DepartmentofCivilEngineering
ResearchAndManagement SardarVallabhbhaiNationalInstitute
Ahmedabad,India ofTechnology
Surat,India
PravinJadhav
InstituteofInfrastructure,Technology,
ResearchAndManagement
Ahmedabad,India
ISSN2730-6453 ISSN2730-6461 (electronic)
StudiesinInfrastructureandControl
ISBN978-981-16-6935-4 ISBN978-981-16-6936-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6936-1
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Preface
Thiseditedbook,IntelligentInfrastructureforTransportation,isanoutcomeofthe
First International Conference on Intelligent Infrastructure in Transportation And
Management (i-TRAM 2021). The contents of this book are intended to present
an overall idea about the recent advances in transportation infrastructure and its
management.Thechaptersexplaintheproblemsthatarefacedbythetransportation
sectors and discuss the innovative and upcoming technological solutions for the
students at the graduate level in the disciplines of civil, electrical and mechanical
engineering.Theidentificationoftheproblemanditssolutionwillbeequallyuseful
asreferencematerialforinnovators,inventors,practitionersandpolicymakers.
Theidentifiedchaptersprovidein-depthunderstandingrelatedtotransportinfras-
tructuresthroughdifferentcasestudies.Oneofthemajorissuesinthisfieldiscomplex
driverbehaviouranditsmanoeuvrability.Thecoveredarticlesdescribethemodelling
ofvehicularmovementsusingsupervisedmachinelearningalgorithmsbyanalysing
trajectory data from heterogeneous non-lane-based traffic conditions. In addition,
frequentaccelerationanddecelerationofthevehicularspeedsatthejunctionmakes
asectionmostvulnerablebecauseoftheinteractionoffast-andslow-movingvehicles
andcreatesanaccident-pronezone.Road-sidefrictionisalsooneofthemajorchal-
lengingissueswhichelaboratestocapacityestimationandLevel-of-Serviceforthe
roadnetwork.Simulationmodellingisdiscussedtounderstandtheexacttrafficcondi-
tion by simulating the driving behaviour and calibrating the driving performance
associated with the network conditions. The calibrated models are also helpful to
refinetheinputparametersforthesimulationmodellingtoachieveexacttrafficcondi-
tions.Alongwiththat,theseverityanalysisforacrashisalsodiscussedsinceacci-
dentsadverselyaffecttheeconomyanddirecttheimmediateneedforimprovement
incurrentroadsafetypractices.Multi-Criteriadecision-makingprocessdescribesthe
severity rankings which deliver a proper approach for line-up of the improvement
programmes.Pavementsandtheirmaintenanceareoneofthemostimportantassets
v
vi Preface
fortheinfrastructuraldevelopmentofacountry.Themachinelearningtechniquesare
introducedforthedevelopmentofstrategiespavementmaintenanceprogrammes.
Sustainability of public transportation infrastructure is also one of the focusing
areas for the smart cities nowadays wherein Government has put lots of efforts to
initializevariouspublictransportservicessuchasBusRapidTransit(BRT),Metros
andMonorailsalongwithnon-motorizedtransportfacilities.Thewordsalsodiscuss
toattainthegoalofsustainabilityandhigh-qualitypublictransportationnetworks’
requirement which meet the different mobility needs of the rising population by
reducingtheusageofprivatevehicles.Thebookalsocoverstheinnovativesolution
forthevisuallyimpairedpeoplewhooftenfacedifficultiesinnavigationduetoever-
increasingcrowds.TheIoT,DeepLearningandMachinelearning-basedtechnologies
arehighlightedtosolvetheimpairmentproblembyaplausibledesignofdigitaleye
thatmakesiteasytouseasitdiscoversnearbyobjectsandobstacles.
Lookingattheglobalelectricandhybridvehiclesmarket,thebookwillfocuson
anddiscussrecentdevelopmentsinelectricmobilityacrosstheglobe.Thisedition
triestofeaturetowardsanupdateontheperformanceandcostsofbatterieswhich
is the current demand of the consumers. Adoption rate of electric vehicles (EVs)
hasbeenincreasedinrecenttimes,astheyaremoreenvironmentfriendlyoverthe
conventionalinternalcombustion-basedvehicles.However,chargingstationisanew
challengefordistributionnetworkoperatorstomeetthecurrentdemandalongwith
travelpattern.UncoordinatedchargingofEVsinafleetdeterioratespowerquality
and increases energy losses, voltage deviations and peak loading in a distribution
network. The impact of the charging behaviours of electric vehicles (EVs) on the
gridloadisalsoexplainedinthesecondpartofthebook.
Electricpowerisconsideredakeystonetechnologyforsmartcities.Majorinfras-
tructureandservicesaredependentonelectricpowerandbackup.However,some
events can cause large-scale, long-duration blackouts. For the reliability of unin-
terruptedpowersupply,thechapterfocusesonpowertransmissionsystemsonthe
distributionsystem.
This book also contains some of the policies for attracting investment for the
developmentoftransportinfrastructureandmanagementoffreightandtaxis.
Overall,thechaptersopennewavenuesandbringinterestingfactstounderstand
the problems and provide unique solutions for intelligent infrastructure for trans-
portation which would help planners to design and implement for the sustainable
developmentandmanagementofinfrastructure.
Preface vii
TheeditorsaregratefultoMr.AnindaBose,SeniorEditor,Springer,forpublishing
these chapters in Studies in Infrastructure and Control. We are also grateful to the
anonymousreviewersfortheircommentswhichledtosubstantialimprovementsand
reorganizationsofthesechapters.
Ahmedabad,India JitenShah
Surat,India ShriniwasS.Arkatkar
Ahmedabad,India PravinJadhav
Acknowledgements WearethankfultoStudentStartupandInnovationPolicy(SSIP),Government
ofGujarat,andInstituteofInfrastructure,Technology,ResearchAndManagement,Ahmedabad,
Gujarat(IITRAM),forprovidingfinancialsupportfortheconference.WewillbethankfultoDr.
ShivaPrasad,DirectorGeneral,Dr.A.U.Digraskar,Director,andMr.SanjayBhatnagar,Registrar
IITRAM,fortheirguidanceandinfrastructuralsupport.
Contents
PartI AdvancesinTransportationInfrastructure
1 Data-Driven Approach for Modeling the Mixed Traffic
ConditionsUsingSupervisedMachineLearning ................. 3
NarayanaRaju, ShriniwasArkatkar, GaurangJoshi,
andConstantinosAntoniou
2 MicroscopicTrafficSimulationApproachtoEvaluateDriving
ParametersatInfluenceZoneoftheIntersection ................. 13
P.ChauhanBoski,J.JoshiGaurang,andParidaPurnima
3 Calibrating and Validation of Microsimulation Model
forIndianHeterogeneousTrafficFlow—ACaseStudy ............ 27
HarshMer,A.MohanRao,andRenaN.Shukla
4 Driver’s RiskCompelling Behavior forCrossingConflict
AreaatThree-LeggedUncontrolledIntersection ................. 39
KhushbuBhattandJitenShah
5 AnalysisofDriverBehaviourinDilemmaZoneatSignalized
IntersectionUnderHeterogeneousTraffic ....................... 53
AyushiV.Shah,PinakinN.Patel,L.B.Zala,andA.A.Amin
6 EvaluationofRoadSideFrictionandItsEffectonReduction
ofCapacityofUrbanArterialRoadsofSomeSelectedTowns ..... 65
BhavyaS.PatelandH.R.Varia
7 PublicTransportUser’sSatisfactionLevelinIndia ............... 79
Sreechitra, ChintamanBari, YogeshwarV.Navandar,
andAshishDhamaniya
8 Real-TimeBusPredictionSysteminCityTransport .............. 91
KishanAghera,JineshMajithia,andNakulDave
ix
x Contents
9 Customers’ Perception Toward Taxi Management
inKathmanduValley .......................................... 101
ManishOli, NiranjanDevkota, UdayaRajPaudel,
SushantaMahapatra,SurendraMahato,andSeeprataParajuli
10 RoadCrashSeverityRankingbyApplyingaMulti-criteria
Decision-MakingTool:AnalyticalHierarchyProcess ............. 123
PriyankTrivediandJitenShah
11 DigitalEyeforVisuallyImpaired—DEVI ....................... 131
ShivangiGurjar,VenishaChauhan,MansiSuthar,DhwaniDesai,
HimaliLuhar,VishwaPatel,AvaniDave,andNakulDave
12 AReviewonStrategicPavementMaintenancewithMachine
LearningTechniques .......................................... 141
JaykumarSoni,RajeshGujar,DhruviShah,andPayalParmar
PartII AdvancesinElectricalTransportationInfrastructure
13 IntelligentVehicleModuleUsingImageProcessing ............... 155
VarshaKshirsagarDeshpande, SheelShah,
andRaghavendraBhalerao
14 Opportunistic Sensing-Based RouteDemand Assessment
andFeederBusScheduling ..................................... 167
PruthvishRajput,ManishChaturvedi,andVivekPatel
15 AutomaticExtractionofRoadNetworkfromSatelliteImages
ofUrbanAreasUsingConvolutionNeuralNetwork .............. 181
AmanNohwal,TusharJangid,andNarayanPanigrahi
16 DesignandDevelopmentofPortableUAVGroundControl
and Communication Station Integrated with Antenna
TrackingMechanism .......................................... 193
RajaMunusamy,JiwanKumre,SudhirChaturvedi,andDinBandhu
17 Performance Assessment of Distribution Network
withElectricVehiclePenetration ............................... 213
RiddhiThoratandPraghneshBhatt
18 ElectricVehicleMotorTestsandStandardsinIndia:AReview .... 227
L.RajeshReddy,AdarshSharma,PravinMagdam,andKrupaShah
19 ImpactofGeomagneticallyInducedCurrentonthePower
SystemandItsComponents .................................... 239
AjajF.ShaikhandKetanP.Badgujar
20 APreliminaryStudyonPLL-BasedFrequencyExtraction
ofanUnbalancedVoltageSignal ................................ 253
ParthBhavsar,JoshiPriyank,andK.Manjunath
