Inspiration and Authority in the Middle Ages: Prophets and Their Critics from Scholasticism to Humanism

290 Pages·2017·1.598 MB·English

by  Brian Fitzgerald

INSPIRATION AND AUTHORITY
IN THE MIDDLE AGES
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,26/8/2017,SPi
OXFORD HISTORICAL MONOGRAPHS
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Editors
P. CLAVIN J. INNES
J. MCDOUGALL D. PARROTT J. SMITH
S. A. SMITH J. L. WATTS W. WHYTE
Inspiration and
Authority in the
Middle Ages
Prophets and their Critics from
Scholasticism to Humanism
BRIAN FITZGERALD
1
3
GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP,
UnitedKingdom
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Acknowledgements
Ihavereliedonthehelpofmanypeopletowritethisbook.Itbeganasa
doctoral thesis, and I am deeply grateful to Matthew Kempshall, my
doctoral supervisor, whose generosity, insight, and enthusiasm have
been a constant support. Duringcrucial phases of my initial work, I also
relied heavily on the excellent guidance of Vincent Gillespie. I benefited
tremendouslyatOxfordfromacommunityofscholarsandfriends,whose
advice and assistance with my project I wish to acknowledge with great
thanks,particularlyLesleySmith,MartinMcLaughlin,PatrickLantschner,
ShamiGhosh,JonathanMorton,andthemembersoftheMedievalChurch
andCultureSeminar.
For help with my more recent revisions, I owe much to the recom-
mendations of my doctoral examiners, David d’Avray and Mishtooni
Bose, to Sibj(cid:1)rn S(cid:1)nnesyn’s consideration of my draft, and especially to
the anonymous reader for OUP, who considered my work so carefully.
IgreatlyappreciatethesteadyencouragementofJohnWatts,whohelped
guidemymanuscriptthroughthefinalstagesofpublication.Throughout
this process, my colleagues at Northeast Catholic College, especially
GeorgeHarne,wereextremelysupportiveofmyefforts.
I am pleased to recognise the financial assistance of the Clarendon
Fund, without which I could not have remained at Oxford. Funding for
researchandotherexpensesalsocamefromOxford’sIsaiahBerlinFund,
Colin Matthew Fund, and the Erasmus Exchange. Throughout my days
as a doctoral student, I also depended on the constant support of the
fellowsandstaffofLincolnCollege,Oxford.
My research could not have been completed without assistance from
librarians at Oxford in All Souls College, the Bodleian, Exeter College,
Lincoln College, and New College; as well as at the British Library in
London; Worcester Cathedral; the Chester Beatty Library and Trinity
College in Dublin; and Padua’s Biblioteche Antoniana, Dottorale, and
Universitaria.IamalsoindebtedtoAlastair MinnisandAndrewKraebel
forhelpingmeexamineacopyofNicholasTrevet’sBoethiuscommentary
beforeitbecameavailableonline.
Finally,Iamprofoundlygratefultomyfamilyforalltheirsupport,and
tomywifeLeah,whohasbeenwithmeeachstepoftheway.
vi Acknowledgements
An earlier version of Chapter One appeared in ‘Time, History, and
MutabilityinHughofSt.Victor’sHomiliesonEcclesiastesandDevanitate
mundi’,Viator,43(2012),pp.215–40. Itappears withpermission from
Brepols Publishers. An earlier version of Chapter Four, section III
appeared in ‘Prophecy and the Contemplation of History: Peter John
Olivi and Hugh of St. Victor’, in L. Nelstrop and S. Podmore (eds),
Exploring Lost Dimensions in Christian Mysticism: Opening to the
Mystical, (Ashgate, 2013), pp. 173–96. It appears with permission from
Taylor&Francis.
Contents
Abbreviations ix
NotesonSources xi
Introduction 1
1. HughofStVictorandthePropheticContemplation
ofHistory 18
2. TheScholasticExegesisofProphecy 50
3. Polemic,Preaching,andEarlyDominicanAssessments
ofPropheticAuthority 88
4. TheMendicantConflictoverProphecy:ThomasAquinas
andPeterJohnOlivi 109
5. NicholasTrevetandtheConsolationofProphecy 152
6. AlbertinoMussatoandHumanistProphecy 193
Conclusion 230
Appendix:CategoriesofVisionandProphecy 235
Bibliography 237
Index 269

Abbreviations
ACW AncientChristianWriters:TheWorksoftheFathersin
Translation,ed.J.QuastenandJ.C.Plumpe(1946–)
AFH Archivumfranciscanumhistoricum
AHDLMA Archivesd’histoiredoctrinaleetlittéraireduMoyenAge
BML BibliotecaMediceaLaurenziana
BnF BibliothèquenationaledeFrance
Borgnet AlberttheGreat,Operaomnia,ed.A.Borgnet,38vols(Paris
1890–9)
CCCM CorpusChristianorum,ContinuatioMediaevalis(Turnhout,
1967–)
CCSL CorpusChristianorum,SeriesLatina(Turnhout,1954–)
CHLC TheCambridgeHistoryofLiteraryCriticism,vol.2:TheMiddle
Ages,ed.A.J.MinnisandI.R.Johnson(Cambridge,2005)
CSEL CorpusScriptorumEcclesiasticorumLatinorum(Vienna,1866–)
Deciv. Augustine,Decivitatedei
Dedoct. Augustine,Dedoctrinachristiana
DeGen.litt. Augustine,DeGenesiadlitteram
Geyer AlberttheGreat,Operaomnia,ed.B.Geyeretal.,37vols
(Münster1951–)
HR HistoriarumRolandini,[etc.],AlbertiniMussati,degestisHenrici
VII.Caes.&aliaeiusdemopera(Venice,1635)
IMU Italiamedioevaleeumanistica
InHiez. GregorytheGreat,HomiliaeinHiezechihelemprophetam
Leonine ThomasAquinas,OperaomniaiussuLeonisXIIIedita,26vols
(Rome,1882–)
MEFRMA Mélangesdel’ÉcolefrançaisedeRome.MoyenAge—tempsmodernes
MLTC MedievalLiteraryTheoryandCriticismc.1100–c.1375:The
CommentaryTradition,ed.A.J.MinnisandA.B.Scott(Oxford,
1991)
MOPH MonumentaOrdinisFratrumPraedicatorumhistorica,ed.
InstitutumHistoricumFratrumPraedicatorum,26vols
(Louvain/Rome/Paris,1896–)
OOB S.Bonaventuraeoperaomnia,ed.P.Bernardini,10vols
(Quaracchi,1882–1902)
Opusc.theo. ThomasAquinas,Opusculatheologica,ed.R.Verardoand
R.Spiazzi,2vols(Turin,1954)
Parma ThomasAquinas,Operaomnia,25vols(Parma,1852–73)
PL PatrologiaLatina,ed.J.-P.Migne,221vols(Paris,1844–64)
RRTC RenaissanceandRenewalintheTwelfthCentury,ed.R.L.Benson,
G.Constable,andC.Lanham(Oxford,1982)