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224 Pages·2013·5.45 MB·English

by  Spyros Chatzivasileiadis

ETH Library
Power system planning and
operation methods integrating the
controllability of HVDC
Doctoral Thesis
Author(s):
Chatzivasileiadis, Spyridon
Publication date:
2013
Permanent link:
https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010025661
Rights / license:
In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted
This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection.
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Diss. ETH No. 21460
Power System Planning and
Operation Methods
Integrating the Controllability
of HVDC
A dissertation submitted to
ETH ZURICH
for the degree of
Doctor of Sciences
presented by
SPYRIDON (SPYROS) CHATZIVASILEIADIS
Dipl.-Ing., Nat. Tech. Univ. of Athens (NTUA)
born February 19, 1985
citizen of Greece
accepted on the recommendation of
Prof. Dr. G¨oran Andersson, examiner
Dr. Brian Stott, co-examiner
2013

To my family

Preface
This thesis summarizes a significant part of my research activities at
the Power Systems Laboratory (PSL) of ETH Zurich. Spending about
five years at PSL, there are a lot of people I wish to thank.
First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor
ProfessorG¨oranAnderssonforgivingmetheopportunitytopursuemy
PhD studies at ETH Zurich. I appreciate the freedom he gave me to
exploredifferentresearchdirections,his supportto mywork,hisadvice
whenever I needed it. In the German-speaking world, as he told me
when we first met, they refer to the PhD advisor as “Doktorvater”. I
feel G¨oran has truly been that to me, setting an example not only as a
scientist, but also as a person.
Special thanks goes to Dr. Brian Stott for accepting to be the co-
examiner of this thesis and for the time he devoted in reading the
manuscript. I highly appreciate the discussions we had during this
process.
If G¨oranis my Doktorvater,then Dr. Thilo Krauseshould be my older
Doktorbrother. Beingmyclosestcollaboratorduringthelastfiveyears,
I would like to thank him for his friendship and support during all the
phases of this work. I really appreciate the numerous discussions we
had not only about work and research, but also for introducing me to
the world of german and english literature.
During my PhD studies I spent two months at the University of Li`ege,
working with Prof. Damien Ernst. I would like to thank Damien for
giving me the opportunity to deal with much broader questions con-
cerning power systems. Together we had the opportunity to introduce
two new concepts. I highly appreciate his enthusiasm, his belief in am-
v
vi Preface
bitiousideasand,mostimportantly,hisout-of-the-boxwayofthinking,
which, following his example, I also try to apply in my own work.
Within my PhD, I was involved in the IRENE-40 European project.
For four years I enjoyed a close collaboration with power system ex-
perts acrossEurope. I have greatlybenefited from these interactions. I
wouldliketo thank allthe consortiumpartnersforthe excellentcollab-
oration, the interesting and long discussions during our meetings and
the memorable time we had after the meetings. I would also like to
thank AndreasUlbig formakingupa strongteaminrepresentingETH
in this project.
I would also like to thank the students that I supervised during their
masterorsemesterthesesforallowingmetoinvestigatedifferentideasor
aspectsofmywork. ThankstoMatthiasBucher,YvesReckinger,Maria
Zerva, Florian Schmidt, Tobias Rinke, Marina Katsampani, Ektor
Sotiropoulos, Raffael Bu¨hler, Lucas Friedrich and Matthias Gautschi.
Spending a significantpartofmy dayatthe office,I verymuchenjoyed
thecompanyofmyofficemates. IwouldliketothankDr. FlorianKien-
zleandDr. Mich`eleArnoldfortheirwarmestwelcomeinthe“bathtub”
G23, for the amusing discussions, for all their advice. As Florian and
Mich`eleobtainedtheirPhDandleftPSLforgreenerpastures,Ihadthe
bestoflucktoshareofficewithTobiasHaringandMatthiasBucher;and
for a shorttime with EvangelosVrettos. I would like to thank them all
forthe mostentertainingdiscussionsabouteverypossible topic,forthe
long coffee breaks, for making G23 “the” place to be...when someone
was looking for something to eat!
Certainly, a day at the office could not pass without the most enter-
taining interactions with the rest of the PSL group. Thanks to Maria,
Stephan, Theo, Marcus, Marina, Johanna, Martin K., Marija, Marek,
Monika, Matthias G., Line, Frauke, Roger, Markus, Olivier, Philipp,
Antonis,Emil,Olli,Hubert,Turhan,Yang,andRitaforallthewonder-
ful moments. I hadthe best oftime with younot onlyat PSL,butalso
outside of it: havingbeers atbqm, in our excursions,our ski-weekends,
during sailing!
Of course life progresses not only within ETH, but also outside of it.
I would like to very much thank Sofia, for her love, support and un-
derstanding during most of the years of my PhD. Her advice has often
helped me see things from a different perspective.
Preface vii
IwouldalsoliketothankmyflatmatesFelix,Olli,andespeciallyCharis
ToloumisandGiorgosSiafis,withwhomIspentmostoftheyearsliving
in Zurich. Charis thank you for all the after-work entertaining discus-
sions and your close friendship. Giorgos, thank you for being a good
friend, for taking care of almost everything at home during the last
months of my PhD, for your valuable advice and support.
Certainly my close friends over all these years have been a non-
depletablesourceofenergythroughmyPhD.Itisbecauseofmyfriends
in Zurich, that I feel Zurich like home. And it is because of my friends
back in Greece, that I know there are always people that I can share
my joy with, that I can trust and turn to. I would like to thank them
all for being part of my life.
For proofreading parts of this thesis, I would like to thank Line Roald
and Thilo Krause.
Finally, my warmest thanks goes to my family. My parents, John and
Maria, and my sister Katerina. For their unconditional support in all
phases of my life, for inspiring me to dream, and for motivating me to
follow my dreams. And for bearing with the fact that I am away from
home for several years and probably for some years to come.
Spyros Chatzivasileiadis
September 2013

Abstract
Agingpowersysteminfrastructure andincreasingintegrationofrenew-
ableenergysourcescallforsubstantialinvestmentsinpowersystems,in
ordertoensurepowersystemsecurityandcompetitiveness. Investments
onnewlines,suchasACorHigh-VoltageDirectCurrent(HVDC)lines,
are among the options. This thesis develops methods in order to incor-
porate HVDC lines based on the Voltage-Source Converter technology
(VSC-HVDC) in power system operation and planning.
Themaincontributionslieintheintroductionofnewalgorithmsandthe
derivationof analyticalrelationships inresponse to questions regarding
power system planning and operation in case of contingencies.
Focussing on VSC-HVDC lines, two Security Constrained OPF prob-
lems are formulated which can be used either for planning or for oper-
ation studies. Both take into account the VSC-HVDC lines and their
abilitytoreactfastofferingcorrectivecontrolactions. The“CostofSe-
curity”indexisalsointroducedforrankingdifferentexpansionmeasures
in planning studies.
Inordertoidentifywhichformoftransmissionexpansionismoreprefer-
able, analytical relationships are derived so as to examine if an overlay
networkwith long lines, or localreinforcements by shorter AC line seg-
ments result in higher utilization. Relationships are also extracted in
orderto estimate (and appropriatelymodel) reactivepower series com-
pensation of AC lines, when dealing with simplified networks.
The need for increased power flow controllability in highly meshed sys-
tems,suchastheEuropeannetwork,isidentifiedinseveralcasestudies
inthisthesis. Inthisrespect,theconcept“TowardsaFullyControllable
PowerSystem” is introduced, whichaims at decoupling the marketop-
erationsfromthesecurityconsiderations. Alowerboundonthenumber
ix