Infrastructure Redux: Crisis, Progress in Industrial Pakistan & Beyond

267 Pages·2014·1.01 MB·English

by  Nausheen Anwar

Infrastructure Redux
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Infrastructure Redux
Crisis, Progress in Industrial Pakistan
and Beyond
Nausheen H. Anwar
AssistantProfessorofUrbanStudies,InstituteofBusinessAdministration(IBA),
Karachi,Pakistan
©NausheenH.Anwar2015
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For Aleem & Suleyman
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Contents
ListofTablesandFigures viii
Acknowledgments ix
ListofAcronyms xi
CurrencyExchangeRates xiii
Introduction:PathwaystoProgress 1
1 History,Ideas,Visions 24
2 DisruptedMobilities 69
3 PowerBreakdowns 111
4 WhitherLabor? 157
Conclusion:Infrastructure’sPromise 191
Appendices 209
MethodologicalNote 216
Notes 219
Bibliography 229
Index 243
vii
Tables and Figures
Tables
2.1 FinancingtheCityPackageProjectinSialkot 103
3.1 Scaleofdailyproduction:Chenabandcompetitorsin
Faisalabad 134
3.2 Costcomparisonfordieselfuel 134
3.3 Chenab’scompetitors’costofprivatepower(2008) 137
3.4 Chenab–Summaryofprivateprovisioncost(2008) 138
3.5 Comparisonb/wChenab’sunitcostandIPPs’energy
prices(2008) 142
4.1 VisiblefirmsinFaisalabad’stextile-garmentsector(2008) 176
4.2 Frequencyofannualsocialauditsperfirm 180
4.3 Full-timemedicalstaffandmedicalroomsacrossfirms 181
Figures
I.1 CoverpageofPMLNmanifesto 2
viii
Acknowledgments
In the course of conducting the research for this book, and much
later revising, rewriting and honing the argument presented, I have
accumulated many debts of appreciation. I would first like to thank
Sumila Gulyani for her support and encouragement, as it was under
her guidance that I began the research. She encouraged me to ques-
tion my assumptions about conventional paradigms of infrastructure
development and provision and to consider a grounded approach for
understandingalternatives.IamindebtedtoSumila.IntheProgramof
Urban Planning at Columbia University, Smita Srinivas pushed me to
think about the interplay between the role of institutions and indus-
trial development and especially to reflect on the condition of labor.
RobertBeauregard,ElliottSclarandPeterMarcuseenabledmetoreturn
to the PhD program after a long hiatus. Thanks to the Program of
UrbanPlanningforprovidingcrucialfinancialsupportformyresearch
inPakistan.
Thanks to Majed Akhter, whose generous feedback was critical in
helping me to distil the core of my argument. A debt of gratitude to
AyeshaJalalforherintellectualadvice,commentsandencouragement;
Nichola Lowe for constructive criticism and pointing me toward the
extensiveliteratureonindustrialdistricts;NebahatTokatliforengaging
myresearchfromtheperspectiveofeconomicgeography.Icannotbegin
tothankenoughAradhanaSharmawhopushedmetoproblematizethe
idea of the ‘state’ and Mridu Rai for reminding me that history always
has significant bearing. In addition to those already mentioned, I am
grateful to Natasha Iskander for providing perceptive and generously
detailedresponsesonaveryearlydraftofthiswork;andtoSarwatViqar,
Yaminay Chaudhri and Dholeeka Raj who shared valuable comments
on different sections that I had revised during my postdoctoral fellow-
shipat theAsia Research Institute(ARI) in Singapore.I am particularly
thankfultoARIforprovidingawonderfullycongenial,stimulatingand
resourcefulenvironmentthatmadefinalizingthemanuscriptasmooth
journey. At ARI, I have enjoyed the warmth and generosity of many
colleagues, especially in the Asian Urbanisms Cluster where Michelle
Miller was exceptionally encouraging. I thank Michelle for her helpful
feedbackoncertainsectionsofthemanuscriptandfortheinnumerable
ix