Table Of ContentW
Peter O’Connor
Wolfram Höpken
Ulrike Gretzel (eds.)
Information
and Communication Technologies
in Tourism 2008
Proceedings of the International Conference
in Innsbruck, Austria,
2008
SpringerWienNewYork
Dr. Peter O’Connor
Institut de Management Hotelier International
Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Economiques et Commerciales
Business School, Cergy-Pontoise, France
Dr. Wolfram Höpken
eTourism Competence Center Austria, Innsbruck, Austria
Dr. Ulrike Gretzel
Department of Recreation, Park, and Tourism Sciences
Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A.
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Preface
In 1993, academics from universities in Austria, Germany and Switzerland col
laborated with the Tyrolean Tourist Board to organise a conference focusing on
the interface between tourism and technology. This fledgling conference, which
they called ENTER, has steadily matured into the world's premier global confer
ence on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Travel and
Tourism. ENTER is unique in that it brings industry practitioners and represen
tatives from national and regional tourist boards together with academics and
researchers working on the cutting edge of this rapidly developing subject area.
Both sets of constituents actively learn from each other, producing a knowledge
sharing experience much richer than traditional industry-focused or purely aca
demic conferences. This year, in an effort to further develop this cross pollina
tion, authors of refereed research papers were asked to put special emphasis on
the industry applications of their work. Reinforced through the review process,
this approach will help to further bring the two communities together and en
hance knowledge transfer and cross-fertilization.
The primary purpose of the ENTER 2008 Research Track is to disseminate high
quality research findings on new theories, methodologies and applications in the
field of information and communications technologies in travel and tourism. As
such, these conference proceedings represent the more current developments in
the global corpus of state-of-the-art research in this arena, tying in with the over
all conference theme of "eTourism: The View from the Future". This year's
Research Track continues to raise the bar in terms of quality. Over seventy
research papers were submitted and subject to the double-blind review process.
The fifty-one that were successful include a variety of diverse studies - e.g.
theoretical, empirical, experimental, case studies and policy - addressing a myri
ad of different topics, themes, disciplines and approaches, so that any conference
participant or reader of these proceedings will find several studies meeting their
interests and expectations.
Recognising that the quality of the ENTER's Research Track depends heavily on
reviewers' time and expertise, the Research Track Chairs would like to thank
each of the members of the Research Program Committee. With the growing
number of papers being received each year, heavy demands are placed on these
individuals - often in a short time frame - and they deserve far more recognition
than they currently receive. On behalf of the ENTER community, we would like
to take this opportunity to thank them for their hard work and commitment. Last
ly, the most important stakeholders of the ENTER conference are the authors
themselves, many of whom return year after year to present, discuss and debate
their research. Thank you for your efforts and your continued support, and we
look forward to a fruitful conference this year in Innsbruck.
Peter O'Connor, Wolfram Hopken and Ulrike Gretzel
Innsbruck, 2008
Contents
Index of Authors XII
Research Program Committee XIV
1 Recommender Systems in Tourism
T. Mahmood, F. Ricci, A. Venturini, and W. Hopken
Adaptive Recommender Systems for Travel Planning 1
S. Venkataiah, N. Sharda and M. Ponnada
A Comparative Study of Continuous and Discrete
Visualisation of Tourism Information 12
M. Zanker, M. Fuchs, W. Hopken, M. Tuta and N. Muller
Evaluating Recommender Systems in Tourism - A Case
Study from Austria 24
2 User Generated Content in Tourism
U. Gretzel and K. H. Yoo
Use and Impact of Online Travel Reviews 35
P. O'Connor
User-Generated Content and Travel: A Case Study on
Tripadvisor.Com 47
Y. Kang, J. Stasko, K. Luther, A. Ravi and Y. Xu
RevisiTour: Enriching the Tourism Experience with
User-Generated Content 59
3 Online Communities
J. Y.Chung and D. Buhalis
Web 2.0: A Study of Online Travel Community 70
I. Arsal, S. Backman and E. Baldwin
Influence of an Online Travel Community on Travel Decisions 82
P. Carrera, C. Chiu, P. Pratipwattanawong, S. Chienwattanasuk,
S. F. Syed-Ahmad and J. Murphy
MySpace, My Friends, My Customers 94
4 Web Services
R. Baggio, M. Antonioli Corigliano and M. Monetti
Web Services as a Technology to Support a Global
Tourism Offer 106
VIII
J. O. Daramola, M. O. Adigun and O. O. Olugbara
A Product Line Architecture for Evolving Intelligent
Component Services in Tourism Information Systems 117
M. T. Linaza, F. Lolhoffel, A. Garcia, C. Lamsfus,
A. Alzua-Sorzabal and A. Lazkano
Mash-up Applications for Small Destination Management
Organizations Websites 130
5 Web 2.0 and Tourism
B. Stangl and C. Weismayer
Websites and Virtual Realities: A Useful Marketing Tool
Combination? An Exploratory Investigation 141
R. Schegg, A. Liebrich, M. Scaglione and S. F. Syed-Ahmad
An Exploratory Field Study of Web 2.0 in Tourism 152
W. Drews
A Web 2.0 Tourism Information System for Accessible Tourism 164
6 Dynamic Packaging
M. Markus and M. Lassnig
Some Critical Remarks on Dynamic Packaging from the
Perspective of SMEs and Small Tourism Destinations 175
A. Jagersberger and K. Waldhor
Dynamic Packaging Using a Cluster Based Demographic
Filtering Approach 186
F. Zach, U. Gretzel and D. R. Fesenmaier
Tourist Activated Networks: Implications for Dynamic
Packaging Systems in Tourism 198
7 Destination Management Systems
K. Teichmann and A. H. Zins
Information Elements on DM0-Websites: Alternative
Approaches for Measuring Perceived Utility 209
F. Bedard, M. C. Louillet, A. Vemer and M. C. Joly
Implementation of a Destination Management System
Interface in Tourist Information Centres and Its Impact 220
R. Daniele and A. J. Frew
Evolving Destination Systems: VisitScotland.com 232
IX
8 Hotel Electronic Distribution I
A. Dickinger and J. Mazanec
Consumers' Preferred Criteria for Hotel Online Booking 244
R. Leung and R. Law
Analyzing a Hotel Website's Access Paths 255
S. Qi, R. Leung, R. Law and D. Buhalis
A Study of Information Richness and Downloading Time
for Hotel Websites in Hong Kong 267
9 Hotel Electronic Distribution H
M. Fuchs, M. Tuta and W. Hopken
Adoption of E-mail Marketing in the Hotel Sector 279
M. Fuchs, W. Hopken, A. Eybl and J. Ulrich
Selling Accommodation Packages in Online Auctions -
The Case of eBay 291
N. H. Hashim, S. F. Syed-Ahmad and J. Murphy
Evolving Internet Use by Malaysian Hotels 303
10 Mobile Technology and Tourism
E. Haid, G. Kiechle, N. Goll and M. Soutschek
Evaluation of a Web-based and Mobile Ski Touring
Application for GPS-enabled Smartphones 313
I. Tjostheim and D. R. Fesenmaier
Mobile Devices as Substitute or Supplement to Traditional
Information Sources: City Tourists, Mobile Guides and
GPS Navigation 324
I. Huvila, K. Uotila, J. P. Paalassalo, J. Huurre and S. Verajankorva
Passages to Medieval Archipelago: From Mobile Information
Technology to Mobile Archaeological Information 336
11 Travel Technology
P. S. Merten and S. Teufel
Technological Innovations in the Passenger Process of the
Airline Industry: A Hypotheses Generating Explorative Study 348
A. Zehrer and P. Moschl
New Distribution Channels and Business Strategies for
Location-based Travel Agencies 359
X
V. Garkavenko and S. Milne
New Zealand Travel Agents in the Internet Era: Spatial
Differences in ICT Impact, Adoption and Perception 371
12 Tourism Destinations
D. Buhalis and L. Pistidda
The Impact of WiMAX on Tourist Destinations 383
I. P. Tussyadiah, D. R. Fesenmaier and Y. Yoo
Designing Interactions in Tourism Mediascape -
Identification of Patterns for Mobile 2.0 Platform 395
M. Bauer, C. Herzog, H. Werthner, B. Dippelreiter and K. Prantner
A Case Study on Automating Information Aggregation
Processes in Information Centres 407
13 Technology Acceptance
N. Mitsche, S. Reino, D. Knox and U. Bauemfeind
Enhancing Cultural Tourism e-Services through Heritage
Interpretation 418
P. Alford
Open Space - a Collaborative Process for Facilitating
Tourism IT Partnerships 430
S. Ham, W. G. Kim and H. W. Forsythe
Determinants of Restaurant Employees' Technology Use
Intention: Validating Technology Acceptance Model with
External Factors via Structural Equation Model 441
14 Knowing the Customer
K. Waldhor and A. Rind
etB log Analysis -Mining Virtual Communities using Statistical
and Linguistic Methods for Quality Control in Tourism 453
M. Sigala
Developing and Implementing an eCRM 2.0 Strategy: Usage
and Readiness of Greek Tourism Firms 463
R. Ahas, E. Saluveer, M. Tim and S. Silm
Mobile Positioning Based Tourism Monitoring System:
Positium Barometer 475
XI
15 Search and Travel
Z. Xiang and D. R. Fesenmaier
Identifying the Online Tourism Domain: Implications for
Search Engine Development for Tourism 486
S. Doring and T. Preisinger
Personalisation and Situation Awareness of the Search Process
in Tourism 497
Y. A. Park and U. Gretzel
Investigating the Effects of Product Type on Online Decision-
Making Styles 509
16 Managing Tourism Technology
L. Bauer, P. Boksberger, J. Herget, S. Hierl and N. Orsolini
The Virtual Dimension in Tourism: Criteria Catalogue for
the Assessment of eTourism Applications 521
W. Hopken, M. Scheuringer, D. Linke and M. Fuchs
Context-based Adaptation of Ubiquitous Web Applications
in Tourism 533
A. Dickinger, A. Scharl, H. Stem, A. Weichselbraun and K. Wober
Acquisition and Relevance of Geotagged Information in Tourism 545
17 Tourism Networks
G. M. McGrath
Employing 'Social Network Analysis' to Influence Tourism
Events Decision-Making: A Pilot Study 556
M. Peters, J. Withalm and W. Wolfel
Capability Maturity Models for SMEs and Collaborative
Networked Organisations in Tourism 568
J. Miguens and A. Corfu
e-Destination Structure: a Network Analysis Approach 580
Index of Authors
Adigun, M. 0 117 Lamsfus, C 130
Ahas, R 475 Lassnig, M 175
Alford,P 430 Law,R 255,267
Alzua-Sorzabal, A 130 Lazkano, A 130
Antonioli Corigliano, M 106 Leung, R 255, 267
Arsal, 1 82 Liebrich, A 152
Backman, S 82 Linaza, M. T 130
Baggio, R 106 Linke, D 533
Baldwin, E 82 Lolh6ffel,F 130
Bauer, L 521 Louillet, M. C 220
Bauer, M 407 Luther, K 59
Bauernfeind, U 418 Mahmood, T 1
Bedard, F 220 Markus, M 175
Boksberger, P 521 Mazanec, J 244
Buhalis, D 70, 267, 383 McGrath, G. M 556
Carrera, P 94 Merten, P. S 348
Chienwattanasuk, S 94 Miguens, J 580
Chiu,C 94 Milne, S 371
Chung, J. Y 70 Mitsche, N 418
Corfu, A 580 Monetti, M 106
Daniele, R 232 M6schl,P 359
Daramola, J. 0 117 Muller,N 24
Dickinger, A 244, 545 Murphy, J 94, 303
Dippelreiter, B 407 O'Connor, P 47
Doring, S 497 Olugbara, O. 0 117
Drews, W 164 Orsolini, N 521
Eybl,A 291 Paalassalo, J. P 336
Fesenmaier, D. R. ... 198, 324, 395, 486 Park,Y. A 509
Forsythe, H. W 441 Peters, M 568
Frew, A. J 232 Pistidda, L 383
Fuchs, M 24, 279, 291, 533 Ponnada, M 12
Garcia, A 130 Prantner, K 407
Garkavenko, V 371 Pratipwattanawong, P 94
G611,N 313 Preisinger, T 497
Gretzel,U 35,198,509 Qi, S 267
Haid,E 313 Ravi, A 59
Ham, S 441 Reino, S 418
Hashim,N. H 303 Ricci, F 1
Herget,J 521 Rind, A 453
Herzog, C 407 Saluveer, E 475
Hierl, S 521 Scaglione, M 152
Hopken, W 1, 24, 279, 291, 533 Scharl,A 545
Huurre, J 336 Schegg,R 152
Huvila, 1 336 Scheuringer, M 533
Jagersberger, A 186 Sharda,N 12
Joly,M. C 220 Sigala, M 463
Kang,Y 59 Silm, S 475
Kiechle,G 313 Soutschek, M 313
Kim, W. G 441 Stangl,B 141
Knox,D 418 Stasko, J 59