Table Of Content.
Georg Wick (cid:129) Cecilia Grundtman
Inflammation and
Atherosclerosis
SpringerWienNewYork
Editors Dr.CeciliaGrundtman
Prof.Dr.GeorgWick LaboratoryofAutoimmunity
LaboratoryofAutoimmunity DivisionofExperimentalPathophysiology
DivisionofExperimentalPathophysiology andImmunology
andImmunology Biocenter
Biocenter InnsbruckMedicalUniversity
InnsbruckMedicalUniversity Sch€opfstraße41
Peter-Mayr-Straße4a A-6020Innsbruck
A-6020Innsbruck Austria
Austria [email protected]
[email protected]
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Preface
Ithadlongbeenknownthatinflammatory-immunologicprocessesplayaroleinthe
developmentofcardiovasculardiseasesingeneralandatherosclerosisinparticular.
However,duringthelasttwodecadesthisnotionhasgainedincreasingmomentum,
bothinbasicresearchandclinicalmedicine.Thelatterisalsoreflectedbyprogress
indiagnosticandtherapeuticapproaches.Thepresentvolumestrifestoprovidean
up- to-date information on this topic with contributions from experts in the field
takingintoaccounttheprogressmadeinthelastfewyears.Wehopethatthistimely
and comprehensive volume will find the interest of basic scientists and clinicians
working in this field but also of readers who are planning to enter this interesting
areaofresearchandclinicalpractice.
Due to limits of space not all examples of inflammatory-immunologically
mediated diseases of the cardiovascular system could be covered in this volume.
So, we have, e.g. refrained from including diseases that develop on a clear-cut
primaryinfectiousbasis,suchasviralmyocarditis.
We would like to thank all authors for their contributions, their readiness to
address questions still open, to comply with formal requirements, and also for
meeting the deadline for submission of their chapters. We would also like to
thank the Viennese staff of the Springer Publishing House for their initiative in
planning and their help in publishing this volume and Mrs. Christine S€uss in our
officehereinInnsbruckforheradmirableadministrativehelp.
Innsbruck GeorgWick,MD
CeciliaGrundtman,Ph.D
v
.
Contents
1 HistoricalReflectionsontheInflammatoryAspects
ofAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
F.JavierNieto
2 MorphologyofAtheroscleroticLesions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
MayaSimionescuandAncaV.Sima
3 ClinicalManifestationsofAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
RolandKlingenberg,MatthiasHasun,RobertoCorti,
andThomasF.L€uscher
4 Intra-AorticHematopoieticCells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Franc¸oiseDieterlen-Lie`vreandThierryJaffredo
5 TheVascular-AssociatedLymphoidTissue(VALT) . . . . . . . . . . . 77
GeorgWick,RobertO¨llinger,andGiovanniAlmanzar
6 VascularEndothelialCellsasImmunologicalTargets
inAtheroscleroisis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
BirgitFogaland JordanS.Pober
7 TheRoleofAdhesionMoleculesandIntimalDendriticCells
intheInitiationofAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
JennyJongstra-BilenandMyronI.Cybulsky
8 AnimalModelsofAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
CeciliaGrundtman
9 ADarwinian-EvolutionaryConceptforAtherogenesis:TheRole
ofImmunitytoHSP60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
GeorgWick,NicoleBuhr,GustavFraedrich,andCeciliaGrundtman
10 MediatorsofVascularInflammation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
HafidAit-Oufella,ZiadMallat,andAlainTedgui
vii
viii Contents
11 PentraxinsandAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
ElisaBarbati,BarbaraBottazzi,AlbericoL.Catapano,CeciliaGarlanda,
RobertoLatini,AlbertoMantovani,GiuseppeDaniloNorata,
andSoniaValentino
12 Interleukin-33andAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
FooY.LiewandAshleyM.Miller
13 ProteomicsofAtherosclerosis .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. 249
Me´lanieAbonnencandManuelMayr
14 Adipokines,Inflammation,andAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
ThomasM.StulnigandMaximilianZeyda
15 NaturalAntibodiesandAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
DimitriosTsiantoulasandChristophJ.Binder
16 NK/NKTCellsandAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
MarcoCavallari,The´re`seJ.Resink,andGennaroDeLibero
17 MacrophagesandAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
AndrewC.Newby
18 HostPatternRecognitionReceptors(Toll-LikeReceptors,
RIG-I-LikeReceptors,NOD-LikeReceptors)
andAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
MarcFeldmannandClaudiaMonaco
19 HumoralAntibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
A.GrahamPockley
20 AdaptiveTCellImmunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
CharlotteLahoute,AlainTedgui,andZiadMallat
21 ImmunitytoLow-DensityLipoprotein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
G€oranK.Hansson
22 ExtracellularMatrixandSmoothMuscleCells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
S.J.GeorgeandJ.L.Johnson
23 TheRoleofInfectioninAtherosclerosisandinPlaqueStability . . 461
StephenE.Epstein,JianhuiZhu,AmirH.Najafi,
andMarySusanBurnett
24 InflammatoryBiomarkers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481
FabrizioMontecucco,StephaneNoble,andFranc¸oisMach
25 AtherosclerosisinRheumaticDiseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
MarieHolmqvistandLarsKlareskog
26 Anti-InflammatoryTherapeuticApproaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513
Zolta´nSzekanecz,Gy€orgyKerekes,andYehudaShoenfeld
Contents ix
27 VaccinationAgainstAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529
CeciliaGrundtman
28 EndocrinologicalAspectsofAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555
TillFreudenbergerandJensW.Fischer
29 ImagingofAtherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
MariusC.Wick,IrisE.Chemelli-Steingruber,andChristianKremser
30 FutureDirectionsofAtherosclerosisResearchandTranslation
intoClinicalApplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613
QingboXu
31 ControversiesandOpenQuestions . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. 625
GeorgWick
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 629
.
