Inflammation, Aging, and Oxidative Stress

406 Pages·2016·6.89 MB·English

by  Stephen C. Bondy

Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research
and Clinical Practice
Stephen C. Bondy
Arezoo Campbell Editors
Infl ammation,
Aging, and
Oxidative Stress
Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research
and Clinical Practice
Editor-in-Chief
Donald Armstrong
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8145
Note from the Editor-in-Chief
All books in this series illustrate point-of-care testing and critically evaluate the
potential of antioxidant supplementation in various medical disorders associated
with oxidative stress. Future volumes will be updated as warranted by emerging
new technology, or from studies reporting clinical trials.
Donald Armstrong
Editor-in-Chief
Stephen C. Bondy • Arezoo Campbell
Editors
Inflammation, Aging,
and Oxidative Stress
Editors
Stephen C. Bondy Arezoo Campbell
Department of Medicine Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Center for Occupational and Environmental College of Pharmacy
Health Western University of Health Sciences
University of California Pomona, CA, USA
Irvine, CA, USA
ISSN 2197-7224 ISSN 2197-7232 (electronic)
Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice
ISBN 978-3-319-33484-4 ISBN 978-3-319-33486-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-33486-8
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016949388
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016
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Preface
Aging carries inherent risk upon which distinct diseases are superimposed. Normal
physiological processes tend to develop pathological aspects, which further disrupt
declining tissue function. These age-related diseases often exaggerate the typical
cellular changes accumulating with time, which are associated with senescence. For
this reason, there has been a gradual merging of concepts regarding normal aging
and specific disorders.
The aim of this book is to describe this interface, emphasizing two components
(tissue damage by oxidant free radicals and chronic inflammation) which are associ-
ated with both aging and, more pronouncedly, age-related disease. It is remarkable
how these processes appear to represent a commonality between apparently unre-
lated diseases. Oxidant and inflammatory phenomena often represent aberrations of
the common effective functioning of reactive oxygen species and the immune sys-
tem, in signaling and bactericidal events and in dispersal of materials of exogenous
origin. In this book, we have emphasized cardiovascular and neurodegenerative
disorders. The chapters that have been assembled are focused on oxidative stress
and inflammatory events in both normal and aberrant aging, and how these may
interact. Several chapters describe the underlying mechanistic basis of oxidative
stress and inflammation. The promotion of these events by environmental factors is
considered in other chapters.
The oxidant and inflammatory phenomena discussed appear to be inescapable
components of the aging process and lay a foundation for many diseases which are
present only in the elderly. The last section of this book provides several chapters
that discuss the alleviation of these inevitable changes. These include lifestyle
changes such as dietary, behavioral, and exercise-based strategies. Such measures
can improve the length and quality of life for the elderly and are also likely to
impact the incidence of specific age-linked diseases.
The last two of Shakespeare’s “Seven Ages of Man” read as follows: “The sixth
age shifts into the lean and slippered pantaloons, with spectacles on nose and pouch
on side… and his big manly voice, turning again toward childish treble, pipes and
whistles in his sound,” followed by “Last scene of all, that ends this strange eventful
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vi Preface
history, is second childishness and mere oblivion, sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste,
sans everything.”
These stages, while undesirable, are obviously inescapable. By appropriate envi-
ronmental and dietary means, it is hoped that the earlier stages can be prolonged
while these last phases can be collapsed into a relatively short time.
Irvine, CA, USA Stephen C. Bondy
Pomona, CA, USA Arezoo Campbell
Contents
Part I Age-Related Cellular Events
Metal Toxicity, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress ..................................... 3
Stephen C. Bondy
Exosomes in the Preservation of Cellular Homeostasis ............................... 17
Francesc Baixauli and Maria Mittelbrunn
Microglia: Features of Polarization and Aging ............................................ 47
G. Jean Harry and Christopher A. McPherson
Modifiable Factors Influencing Telomere Length and Aging ..................... 67
Frej Y. Fyhrquist and Outi J. Saijonmaa
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Neurodegenerative Disorders .................. 81
Syed Jafar Mehdi, Steven W. Barger, Merle G. Paule, Syed F. Ali,
and Syed Z. Imam
Part II Role of Inflammatory and Oxidative Processes
in Age Related Diseases
Oxidative and Inflammatory Pathways in Age- Related
Chronic Disease Processes .............................................................................. 95
Arezoo Campbell and Parrisa Solaimani
Aging and Microglial Activation in Neurodegenerative Diseases ............... 107
Esteban A. Oyarzabal, Yen-Yu Ian Shih, and Jau-Shyong Hong
Ambient Particles and Cerebrovascular Disease ......................................... 133
Mark R. Miller and Anoop S.V. Shah
Particle-Induced Inflammation and Cardiovascular Diseases.................... 161
Jesus A. Araujo and Gajalakshmi Ramanathan
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viii Contents
Oxidative Stress and Alzheimer’s Disease .................................................... 189
Sandeep Kumar Singh, Rudy Castellani, and George Perry
Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Oxidation
in Neurodegenerative Disease ........................................................................ 199
Edward H. Sharman
Oxidative Stress Is a Driver of Normal and Pathological
Ovarian Aging ................................................................................................. 213
Ulrike Luderer
Part III Retardation of Cellular Aging
Anti-Oxidants, the Aging Brain and Age- Related Brain Disorders ........... 241
Michel Baudry and Bernard Malfroy-Camine
Antioxidants and Redox-Based Therapeutics in Parkinson’s Disease ....... 261
Dilshan S. Harischandra, Huajun Jin, Anamitra Ghosh,
Vellareddy Anantharam, Arthi Kanthasamy,
and Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
Simultaneous Activation of Nrf2 and Elevation of Dietary
and Endogenous Antioxidants for Prevention and Improved
Management of Parkinson’s Disease ............................................................. 277
Kedar N. Prasad
Modulation of Hallmarks of Brain Aging by Environmental
Enrichment ...................................................................................................... 303
Nancy Bartolotti and Orly Lazarov
Protective Effect of Exercise on Age-Related Oxidant
and Inflammatory Events ............................................................................... 321
Nada Sallam and Ismail Laher
Deacceleration of Brain Aging by Melatonin ............................................... 345
Rüdiger Hardeland
Redox Based-Peripheral Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease:
Challenges, Limits and Prospects .................................................................. 377
Morgane Perrotte, Joel Pincemail, Mohammed Haddad,
and Charles Ramassamy
Index ................................................................................................................. 399
Contributors
Syed F. Ali Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological
Research/US FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA
Vellareddy Anantharam Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center
for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State
University, Ames, IA, USA
Jesus A. Araujo Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen
School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health,
UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Francesc Baixauli Signaling and Inflammation Program, Spanish National Center
for Cardiovascular Research Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
Immunology, La Princesa Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
Steven W. Barger Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Central
Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA
Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock,
AR, USA
Nancy Bartolotti Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine,
The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Michel Baudry Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of
Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
Stephen C. Bondy Department of Medicine, Center for Occupational and Environ-
mental Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
Arezoo Campbell Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy,
Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
Rudy Castellani Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of
Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
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