Industrial Cloud-Based Cyber-Physical Systems: The IMC-AESOP Approach

261 Pages·2014·9 MB·English

by  Armando W. Colombo

Armando W. Colombo · Thomas Bangemann
Stamatis Karnouskos · Jerker Delsing
Petr Stluka · Robert Harrison · François Jammes
Jose L. Martinez Lastra E ditors
Industrial
Cloud-Based
Cyber-Physical
Systems
The IMC-AESOP Approach
Industrial Cloud-Based Cyber-Physical Systems
Armando W. Colombo Thomas Bangemann
•
Stamatis Karnouskos Jerker Delsing
•
Petr Stluka Robert Harrison
•
François Jammes Jose L. Martinez Lastra
•
Editors
Industrial Cloud-Based
Cyber-Physical Systems
The IMC-AESOP Approach
123
Editors
ArmandoW.Colombo PetrStluka
SchneiderElectric HoneywellACSLabs
Marktheidenfeld Prague
Germany CzechRepublic
and
RobertHarrison
UniversityofAppliedSciencesEmden/Leer UniversityofWarwick
Emden Coventry
Germany UK
ThomasBangemann FrançoisJammes
InstitutfürAutomationundKommunikation SchneiderElectric
Magdeburg Grenoble
Germany France
StamatisKarnouskos JoseL.MartinezLastra
CorporateResearch TampereUniversityofTechnology
SAP Tampere
Karlsruhe Finland
Germany
JerkerDelsing
DepartmentofSystemteknik
LuleåUniversityofTechnology
Luleå
Sweden
ISBN 978-3-319-05623-4 ISBN 978-3-319-05624-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-05624-1
Springer ChamHeidelberg New YorkDordrecht London
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014936620
(cid:2)SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2014
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Foreword I
An Advisor’s Remarks on the IMC-AESOP Contributions
The work of the IMC-AESOP Consortium has been a valuable addition to our
understanding of the opportunities and complexities of automation with cloud
connected systems. This book summarizes some of the major contributions of
these experts and shows clearly the vision of the future regarding automation.
As exhibited by the works of the IMC-AESOP Consortium the Internet of
Things, connected devices of all kinds continues to grow daily. This connectivity
includes smart client devices from PCs to smart phones to control systems, cloud
services,andevenvehicles.Thesedeviceshavesensors,suchasmotion,location/
GPS, cameras, etc., in addition to the computation and connection capabilities.
Thiscoupledwithpowerfulcloudserversopensanenvironmentofopportunityfor
service based automation. With control services from the factory to the office to
the home.
Managing the services has shown many challenges. There are billions of
devices many with unique service control protocols that need to be considered.
Somedevicesarenew,SCADAready,othersoldwithuniqueschemes.Tobuilda
servicelayerthesystemmustovercometheseuniquedesignsinalogicalwayand
IMC-AESOP has shown the first step here. Clearly, additional standards to
interfacescanhelpeasethiscomplexity.Onceyouconnectdevicesandcanquery
them and control them it gives great opportunity for service designs. The IMC-
AESOP Consortium has shown several including managing lubrication in a plan
and suitably climate controlling a house in cold climate to optimize the balance
betweenownercomfortandutilityutilization.Onecanenvisionmanyapplications
intheserviceoveracloudareafromfactory,tooffice,tohome.However,having
this level of control requires exceptional security controls. This kind of control
used maliciously can ruin a factory or a home quite easily if misused. Suitable
authentication and identity services must be established to open these controls to
the cloud.
Another challenge is the rapid changing of technologies and the associated
necessity for their agile adoption, as the use cases and prototype implementations
describedinthefollowingchaptersareshowing.TakingasanexampletheDistrict
Heating Application described in Chap. 10, when the project started in 2010, few
v
vi ForewordI
cars‘‘talkedtotheInternet’’sothehomeclimatecontrolsystemusedroadsensors
to detect when the automobile was on its way to the garage; a few years later
today’s automobiles have integrated GPS sensors and can communicate to the
cloud. This is putting under question the necessity for keeping or eliminate the
needfortheroadsensor,sincethecaritselfcouldinformthehomeclimatesystem
‘‘I am coming home, turn up the heat!’’
Admittedly, this is an amazing view into the future of automation for many
markets.However,torealizethisvisionthemanychallengesneedtobeaddressed.
Thisincludesstandardsforservicesandcontrolinterfaces,industryadoptionofthe
servicesandtheirstandards.Thebusinessmodelmustmakesenseforallpartiesto
suitably engage. Finally, the security matters must be built in to the system since
thereispotentialhighrisktoanyuserfactoryorconsumer.Iamsurethatfollow-
on efforts can address these challenges in detail.
Finally,IwouldliketocommendtheIMC-AESOPeffortforitscontributionsto
theIEEEIndustrialElectronicsSociety(IES).Theprojecthassharedmanyresults
with the IES community through its conferences and publications. The IMC-
AESOP has been a great sponsor of the IES Industry Forum that engages
discussion between industry and researchers within selected IES conferences.
Their contributions to IES have been a noteworthy utilizing of the IEEE as a
cooperative between industry and research to achieve a key useful goal.
Santa Clara, December 2013 Michael W. Condry, Ph.D.
CTO, Global Ecosystem Development
Intel Corporation
Foreword II
Key Aspects of the European Strategic Research
and Innovation Agenda
ProvidingaService-OrientedArchitectureapproachformonitoringandcontrolof
Process Control applications is among the main objectives of IMC-AESOP. By
achieving this, IMC-AESOP will help Industry to respond to its needs with an
SOA that pushes further the state of art and to develop solutions for systems that
are getting further incomplexity and inheterogeneity. As an industry involved in
the business of monitoring and exploiting critical infrastructure such as the
SCADA business, Thales is expecting IMC-AESOP to address a major issue of
providing an architecture that connects heterogeneous sensors for an efficient
control for supervising and monitoring large, complex, and secure infrastructure.
In preparing the ARTEMIS Strategic Research and Innovation agenda
(ARTEMIS: European Technology Platform for Embedded Systems), we have
alsoadvocatedtheimportanceof‘‘Service-orientedEmbeddedSystemsolutionsto
support production management and operation, covering functions and compo-
nents across the different levels of an ISA-95 compliant Production Enterprise
Architecture, from the sensor/actuator, throughout SCADA, MES to the upper
ERPandwithopenserviceintegrationtosocietyenergyinfrastructureadheringto
standards like ISO 61850 for Substation Automation.’’ IMC-AESOP is going in
this direction, and with it ability to provide web-services-based solutions it also
shouldrespondtooneofthemajorissueswhichistheflexibleandagileadaptation
to market demands, individual customization, reduced commissioning, cost-
effectiveness, to cite some of the features expected in the new SOA solutions
towards ‘‘the Future Perfect Plant’’—as envisioned in IMC-AESOP.
The ‘‘Future Perfect Plant’’ approach will enable monitoring and control of
information flow in a cross-layer way where dynamic integration of the system
components will improve adaptation to business evolving needs.
Wealsoneedpilotstofacilitatethecreationofnewbusinessininnovatingeco-
systems achieving a ‘‘European Dimension’’ and combining the R&D efforts
acrossEurope.IMC-AESOPisamongtheprecursorsinthisapproachasitallows
de-risking of solutions that could be deployed in complex infrastructures by
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viii ForewordII
linking all the layers from devices to enterprise systems. Its consortium is
gathering major actors and competencies for this type of research to be achieved.
This book presents an excellent summary of results from the Research,
Development and Innovation activities performed within IMC-AESOP and the
visions and outlooks addressed by the major actors behind those results.
Paris, December 2013 Laila Gide
Director for Advanced Studies Europe, Thales
Foreword III
Intangible Questions that will Affect the New Generation
of Engineers
Engineers who are about to start their professional career are faced with many
questions,someofthemveryinterestingandexcitingandsomeofthempossiblya
bit worrying as the technological world they are about to enter has pressing
questions in store. So they will have to find their way into the right use of tech-
nology. The outlook of the possibilities for the integration of mechanics, elec-
tronics, and software puts them in a unique historic position as the options for
matching virtual and real worlds have never been before so close before.
In particular this means they will have the chance to develop mechanical
architecturessupportedbysoftwaretoolsandcontrolpowerthatenabletheuserto
achievesystemsthatwerenon-existentbefore.Onemayarguethatthiswasalways
the case for engineers just about to enter their professional lives. In a way this is
true, but on the other hand, the globalisation of factories, the international com-
petition and their immediate company environment forces them to think beyond
the ‘‘simple technical solution’’. Technology, and this is at the basis of their
toolset, alone is not able to give answers to the underlying complex questions.
The Service-Oriented Architecture paradigm and associated technologies
describedinthisbookhave interestingpromisesintermsofbuildingsystems that
allow much shorter ramp-up times and reduction of investment for equipment
becauseatleastpartsofitwillbereusable,engineeringtoolsthathelpthedesigner
tocreatetheproductionlineinparalleltodesigningthenewproduct,empowerthe
systemcreatortodrawonnumeroushardwaresolutionsthatonlyneedsomelittle
touch up, and are on stock, to name just a few.
But as mentioned above, these are technological questions for which some of
the solutions are described in the following chapters of this book. The next
generationofengineersandforthisreasonalsoplantmanagerswillhavetocome
togripswithunderlyingquestionswhichwilldeterminetheirmidtermsuccess,the
welfare of their families and the societies around them, and their respective
strategic decisions. It is on their shoulders to develop new models on how to
employ their engineering results in the development of products and above
anythingelsehowtoproducetheseproducts.Whatistheunderlyingparadigmfor
ix
x ForewordIII
the factory of the future? Is it the autonomous entity somewhere out in the green
which works fully automatic? Materials are delivered by autonomous vehicles,
orderscomeinviaInternet,andprocessdesignandcustomer-specificproductsare
generated by means of audio computer intercommunication with the customer or
the engineer.
Already today it becomes obvious that the means to generate welfare and
additional value is not in line with such models. Humans are the determining
factor.Inawaytheycarrytheproductintheirthinking.Theyhavecapacitiesthat
are different from what can be achieved with a machine. When we understand
betterthatthemachinerywedevelopwithtechnologyhastoberethoughtinterms
ofhowitcanbebestusedforthesupportofhumansandwhenwebegintoseethat
thisismorethanjusttocreatenicerobotsthathelpsthe‘‘stupidworkeratthebelt’’
thanwemaygetbackonthetrackofpersonalitieslikeHenryFordwhoisquoted
ofhavingsaid,thathenotonlywantstocreateaneffectivefactorybutthathealso
wants to enable his employees to buy the product they make.
New control and automation options like Service-Oriented Architecture have
thepotentialtoprovidethenextgenerationofengineerstoworkforsuchsolutions
successfully.Liketheneedleofacompasstheirwayofthinkinghastobeattracted
forsuchamodel.Ihopetheywillsucceedandthecontributionsofthisbookmake
a first step forward in this direction.
Esslingen, December 2013 Dr. Christoph Hanisch
Head of Future Technology, Festo