Inductive Logic Programming: 30th International Conference, ILP 2021, Virtual Event, October 25–27, 2021, Proceedings

293 Pages·2022·13.456 MB·English

by  Nikos Katzouris, Alexander Artikis

Nikos Katzouris
Alexander Artikis (Eds.)
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Inductive
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I Logic Programming
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30th International Conference, ILP 2021
Virtual Event, October 25–27, 2021
Proceedings
123
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 13191
Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science
SeriesEditors
RandyGoebel
UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,Canada
WolfgangWahlster
DFKI,Berlin,Germany
Zhi-HuaZhou
NanjingUniversity,Nanjing,China
FoundingEditor
JörgSiekmann
DFKIandSaarlandUniversity,Saarbrücken,Germany
Moreinformationaboutthissubseriesathttps://link.springer.com/bookseries/1244
·
Nikos Katzouris Alexander Artikis (Eds.)
Inductive
Logic Programming
30th International Conference, ILP 2021
Virtual Event, October 25–27, 2021
Proceedings
Editors
NikosKatzouris AlexanderArtikis
NationalCenerforScientific UniversityofPiraeus
ResearchDemokritos Athens,Greece
Athens,Greece
ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)
LectureNotesinArtificialIntelligence
ISBN 978-3-030-97453-4 ISBN 978-3-030-97454-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97454-1
LNCSSublibrary:SL7–ArtificialIntelligence
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Preface
Thisvolumecontainstheacceptedpapersoftheconferencetrackofthe30thInternational
ConferenceonInductiveLogicProgramming(ILP2021)1.ILPisasub-fieldofmachine
learning,focusingonlearninglogicalrepresentationsfromrelationaldataandstructured
backgroundknowledge.TheILPconferenceseriesstartedin1991.Itoriginallyfocused
ontheinductionoflogicprograms,butovertheyearsithasexpandeditsresearchhorizon
significantly,welcomingcontributionstoallaspectsoflearninginlogic,includingthe
intersectionoflogical/symboliclearningwithneuralandstatisticallearning.
ILP 2021 was held online, as a virtual conference, during October 25–27, 2021.
This year, for the first time, ILP was part of the 1st International Joint Conference on
Learning & Reasoning (IJCLR 2021)2, which was also held online during the same
period. IJCLR 2021 consisted of four conferences/workshops related to the integra-
tionoflearningandreasoning,whichtookplaceinparallelbutalsofeaturedjointses-
sions with keynote talks, poster presentations, and panel discussions. In addition to
ILP2021,theIJCLR2021eventswereasfollows:the15thInternationalWorkshopon
Neural-Symbolic Learning and Reasoning (NeSy 2021); the 10th International Work-
shoponStatisticalRelationalAI(StarAI2021);andthe10thInternationalWorkshopon
ApproachesandApplicationsofInductiveProgramming(AAIP2021).
TherewereseveralkindsofpaperssubmittedtoILP2021:
1. JournaltrackpaperssubmittedtoIJCLR2021’sSpecialIssueonLearning&Rea-
soning.TheIJCLR2021journaltrack,supportedbytheMachineLearningjournal,
solicitedsubmissionsonalltopicsofinteresttotheIJCLR2021events,namelyILP,
NeSy,StarAI,andAAIP.
2. RegularlongandshortILPconferencetrackpapersdescribingoriginalworkwith
appropriateexperimentalevaluationand/oraself-containedtheoreticalcontribution.
Thirteen long and three short papers were submitted to the ILP conference track.
Fromthese,tenlongpapersandoneshortpaperwereacceptedafterthefirstround
of reviews in August 2021, while authors of the remaining papers were requested
to make substantial revisions, taking into account the reviewers’ comments. The
revisedpaperswentthroughanadditionalroundofreviewduringSeptember2021,
afterwhichtheywereacceptedforpresentationattheconferenceandinclusionin
theILPproceedings.Allacceptedlongpapersreceivedanoralpresentationslotat
the conference, while the accepted short papers were presented as posters during
IJCLR2021’sjointpostersessions.
3. Late-breakingpapers,i.e.extendedabstractsbrieflyoutliningnovelideasandwork
inprogress,ofhighpotentialinteresttotheILPcommunitybutnotyetqualifyingfor
theregularpaperscategory.Threelate-breakingpapersweresubmittedtoILP,which
1http://lr2020.iit.demokritos.gr/ilp.
2http://lr2020.iit.demokritos.gr/.
vi Preface
werepresentedduringIJCLR2021’sjointpostersessions.Late-breakingpapersare
notincludedintheseproceedings.
4. Threehigh-qualityrecently-publishedpapers(IJCAI2021,AIJ2021,TPLP2021)
were submitted to ILP. These papers received an oral presentation slot at the
conferencebutarenotincludedintheseproceedings.
InadditiontotheregularpapersfromtheILPconferencetrack,theseproceedings
alsoincludeonepapersubmittedtotheAAIPworkshop3 andtwopaperssubmittedto
IJCLR 2021’s general track4. The former paper, highly relevant to ILP, was included
in these proceedings in coordination with the AAIP Program Committee chairs, Ute
SchmidandCèsarFerri.PaperssubmittedtoIJCLR2021’sgeneraltrackwerereviewed
bytheProgramCommitteeofoneoftheparticipatingevents,onthegroundsofrelevance
toaparticulartopic.Thetwogeneraltrackpapersincludedinthisvolumewerereviewed
(andaccepted)bytheILPProgramCommittee.
Weidentifiedseveraltrendsinthe30thILP,includinglearninginknowledgegraphs,
neuro-symbolicandstatisticalrelationallearningapproaches,logicallearningintempo-
raldomains,andapplicationsofILPinbiology,drugdesign,financialforecasting,and
computervision.
Threebestpaperprizeswereawarded5:
– Bestpaperaward(supportedbySpringer):TonyRibeiro,MaximeFolschette,Morgan
Magnin, and Katsumi Inoue, “Learning Any Memoryless Discrete Semantics for
DynamicalSystemsRepresentedbyLogicPrograms”.Thisisajournaltrackpaper,
publishedintheMachineLearningjournal.
– Beststudentpaperaward–journaltrack(supportedbytheMachineLearningjour-
nal): Stassa Patsantzis and Stephen H. Muggleton, “Top Program Construction and
ReductionforPolynomialTimeMeta-InterpretiveLearning”.Thisisajournaltrack
paperpublishedintheMachineLearningjournal.
– Best student paper award – conference track (supported by the Machine Learning
journal):ThaisLuca,AlinePaes,andGersonZaverucha,“MappingAcrossRelational
DomainsforTransferLearningwithWordEmbeddings-basedSimilarity”.Thispaper
wassubmittedintheILPconferencetrack.
We would like to thank everyone who contributed to the success of ILP 2021:
the members of the IJCLR Organizing Committee, the members of the ILP Program
Committee,oursponsors,andeveryonewhoattendedIJCLRandILP2021.
January2022 NikosKatzouris
AlexanderArtikis
3“Programmaticpolicyextractionbyiterativelocalsearch”.
4“EmbeddingModelsforKnowledgeGraphsInducedbyClustersofRelationsandBackground
Knowledge”and“Answer-SetProgramsforReasoningaboutCounterfactualInterventionsand
ResponsibilityScoresforClassification”.
5http://lr2020.iit.demokritos.gr/awards.
Organization
ProgramCommitteeChairs
NikosKatzouris NationalCenterforScientificResearch
“Demokritos”,Greece
AlexanderArtikis UniversityofPiraeusandNationalCenterfor
ScientificResearch“Demokritos”,Greece
ProgramCommittee
ElenaBellodi UniversityofFerrara,Italy
KrysiaBroda ImperialCollegeLondon,UK
FrançoisBry LudwigMaximilianUniversityofMunich,
Germany
RuiCamacho UniversityofPorto,Portugal
GiuseppeCota UniversityofFerrara,Italy
AndrewCropper UniversityofOxford,UK
JamesCussens UniversityofBristol,UK
SebastijanDumancˇic´ DelftUniversityofTechnology,TheNetherlands
SaoDeroski JozefStefanInstitute,Slovenia
MatthieuExbrayat Laboratoired’InformatiqueFondamentale
d’Orléans,France
NicolaFanizzi UniversityofBari,Italy
StefanoFerilli UniversityofBari,Italy
CesarFerri UniversitatPolitècnicadeValència,Spain
NunoFonseca UniversityofPorto,Portugal
RamyaHebbalaguppe BirlaInstituteofTechnologyandSciencePilani,
India
KatsumiInoue TokyoInstituteofTechnology,Japan
NobuhiroInuzuka NagoyaInstituteofTechnology,Japan
DimitarKazakov UniversityofYork,UK
NicolasLachiche UniversityofStrasbourg,France
NadaLavracˇ JozefStefanInstitute,Slovenia
FrancescaAlessandraLisi UniversityofBari,Italy
EvangelosMichelioudakis NationalCenterforScientificResearch
“Demokritos”,Greece
StephenMuggleton ImperialCollegeLondon,UK
AlinePaes UniversidadeFederalFluminense,Brazil
StassaPatsantzis ImperialCollegeLondon,UK
viii Organization
JanRamon Inria,France
FabrizioRiguzzi UniversityofFerrara,Italy
AlessandraRusso ImperialCollegeLondon,UK
VítorSantosCosta UniversityofPorto,Portugal
AlirezaTamaddoni-Nezhad UniversityofSurrey,UK
TomoyukiUchida HiroshimaCityUniversity,Japan
ChristelVrain Laboratoired’InformatiqueFondamentale
d’Orléans,France
StefanWrobel FraunhoferIAISandUniversityofBonn,
Germany
GersonZaverucha FederalUniversityofRiodeJaneiro,Brazil
FilipŽelezný CzechTechnicalUniversity,CzechRepublic
RiccardoZese UniversityofFerrara,Italy
GustavŠourek CzechTechnicalUniversityinPrague,
CzechRepublic
Sponsors
WegratefullythankalltheorganizationsandinstitutionsthatsupportedILP2021:
– TheArtificialIntelligencejournal
– TheTAILORproject6 anditsConnectivityFund.
– The Institute of Informatics & Telecommunications at the National Center for
ScientificResearch“Demokritos”inAthens,Greece.
– Springer
– TheMachineLearningjournal.
6https://tailor-network.eu/.
Contents
Embedding Models for Knowledge Graphs Induced by Clusters
ofRelationsandBackgroundKnowledge ................................. 1
Claudiad’Amato,NicolaFlavioQuatraro,andNicolaFanizzi
AutomaticConjecturingofP-RecursionsUsingLiftedInference ............. 17
JáchymBarvínek, TimothyvanBremen, YuyiWang, FilipŽelezný,
andOndrˇejKuželka
Machine Learning of Microbial Interactions Using Abductive ILP
andHypothesisFrequency/CompressionEstimation ........................ 26
DidacBarroso-Bergada, AlirezaTamaddoni-Nezhad,
StephenH.Muggleton,CorinneVacher,NikaGalic,andDavidA.Bohan
Answer-SetProgramsforReasoningAboutCounterfactualInterventions
andResponsibilityScoresforClassification ............................... 41
LeopoldoBertossiandGabrielaReyes
SyntheticDatasetsandEvaluationToolsforInductiveNeuralReasoning ...... 57
CristinaCornelioandVeronikaThost
UsingDomain-KnowledgetoAssistLeadDiscoveryinEarly-StageDrug
Design ............................................................... 78
TirtharajDash,AshwinSrinivasan,LovekeshVig,andArijitRoy
Non-parametric Learning of Embeddings for Relational Data Using
GaifmanLocalityTheorem ............................................. 95
DevendraSinghDhami, SiwenYan, GautamKunapuli,
andSriraamNatarajan
OntologyGraphEmbeddingsandILPforFinancialForecasting .............. 111
CanErtenandDimitarKazakov
TransferLearningforBoostedRelationalDependencyNetworksThrough
GeneticAlgorithm ..................................................... 125
LeticiaFreiredeFigueiredo,AlinePaes,andGersonZaverucha
OnlineLearningofLogicBasedNeuralNetworkStructures ................. 140
VictorGuimarãesandVítorSantosCosta
ProgrammaticPolicyExtractionbyIterativeLocalSearch ................... 156
RasmusLarsenandMikkelNørgaardSchmidt