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IN TIIH MATTER OF THE ARBITRATION
IlCTWKEiV
THE DOMINION OF CANADA
AND
THE rUOVINCES OF ONTARIO AND QUEBEC.
AnswerofQuebec totheClaimofCanadaforIndian Increased
Annuities under the " Robinson Treaties."
^X^^ //"^ ^Pc.^*^ '«r-^.
GIBOUAKD,
• D.
Coiiiiscl for Oildice.
T
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IN THE MATTER OF THE ARBITRATION
BETWEEN
THE DOMINION OF CANADA
AND
THE PROVINCES OF ONTARIO AND QUEBEC.
AnswerofQuebec tothe Claim ofCanadaforIndian Increased
Annuities under the '* Robinson Treaties."
Quebec inteuds to deal with this case as presented by the Dominion
ofCanada against the late Province ofCanada.
Canada demands from the said Province the sum of $325,440.00,
being, as alleged, arrears ofannuities underthe " RobinsonTreaties" from
the year 1851 lo the year 1867, made up, about 1875, of the difference
between the payments at |1.60 and $4.00 per head, with interest to the
first ofDecember, 1892.
Quebec does not intend to deal with thb arrears of annuities claimed
from the Province of Ontario, as specified in paragraphs 2 and 3 ofthe
" Statement ofCase ofthe Dominion."
This case involves several questions offact and also oflaw.
It is based upon the following clause ofthe "Robinson Treaties"
" The said William Benjamin Robinson, on behalf of Her Majes:ty,
" who desires to deal liberally and justly with all her subjects, further
" promises and agrees that should the territory herebycededbythe parties
" ofthe second part at any future period produce such an amount as will
" enabli the Government of this Province, without incurring loss, to
" increise the annuity hereby secured to them, then,in that case, the same
" shal.' be augmented from time to time, provided that the amount paid to
" each individual shall not exceed the sum of one pound Provincial cur-oa
1
"> '-• "^
—
" rency in any one year, or such further sum as Her Majesty may be
" graciously pleased to order, and provided further that the number of
" Indians entitled to the benefit of this treaty shall amount to two-thirds
" of their present number, which is fourteen hundred and twenty-two, to
" entitle them to claim the full benefit thereof And should they not at
" any future period amount to two-thirds offourteen hundredandtwenty-
" two, then the said annuity shall be diminished in proportion to their
" actual number."
The questions offact may be summed up as follows
I. At any future period from and after the date of t:he said Treaties10
did the territories ceded produce an amount -and, if so, what amount-
such as would have enabled the Government of the late Province of
Canada, "without incurring loss," to increase the annuity or annuities
secured to theIndians under the said Treaties?
II. What amount has been paid to each individual Indian every
year?
III. What has been the number ofIndians at any one time after the
makingofthe said Treaties entitled to the benefit ofthe said Treaties ?
IV. What have been the expenditures and charges in respect of the
Territories ceded under the said Treaties, and what have been the receipts20
in respect ofthe same ?
These are so many questions offact whichshouldbefullyinvestigated
beforo the Board can decide : whether the Territories ceded have produced
such an amount as would have enabled the Government to increase the
annuities, "without incurring loss."
Before adducing evidence, Quebec urges that several questions oflaw
should befirst determined by the Board
:
I. What is the definition of the word "Indian " within the meaning
ofthese treaties? What Indians are entitled tothe annuities andincrease
of annuities under the said "Robinson Treaties "V Are they only the30
Indians named and contemplated by the said treaties, namely: The
Ojibeway Indians, inhabiting and claiming the eastern and northern
shores of Lake Huron, from Penetanguishene to Sault Ste. Marie and
Batchewanaung Bay ; and the northern shore of Lake Superior, together
with the islands in said lakes opposite to the shores thereof, and inland to
the height ofland ?
And also the Indians inhabiting French River and Lake Nipissing as
stated in the "Huron Treaty."
And also the Ojibeway Indians ofthe Lake Superiordistrict, as stated
in the " Superior Treaty." See C. S. L. C, ch. 14, s. 11 ; C. S. U. C, ch.40
81, s. 20, 25 ; Indian Act, C. R. S., ch. 43 ; 31 V., c. 42, s. 8, 15 ; 32-33 V.,
c. 6, 8. 6.
