In Search of the Phoenicians

364 Pages·2017·90.29 MB·English

by  Josephine Quinn

in search
of the
phoenicians
•
MiriaM S. BalMuth lectureS in ancient
hiStory and archaeology
Imperialism, Power, and Identity: Experiencing the Roman Empire,
David J. Mattingly
in search
of the
phoenicians
•
JoSephine crawley Quinn
princeton univerSity preSS
princeton and oxford
Copyright © 2018 by Princeton University Press
Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540
In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire
OX20 1TR
press.princeton.edu
Jacket art: Joseph Mallord William Turner, The Decline of the Carthaginian Empire, 1817
© Tate Modern, 2017
All Rights Reserved
ISBN 978- 0- 691-17527-0
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017935146
British Library Cataloging- in- Publication Data is available
This book has been composed in Linux Libertine O
Printed on acid- free paper. ∞
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
For Christopher

contents
•
List of Illustrations ix
Abbreviations xi
Introduction xiii
part i
phantom phoenicians
Chapter 1. There Are No Camels in Lebanon 3
Chapter 2. Sons of Tyre 25
Chapter 3. Sea People 44
part ii
many worlds
Chapter 4. Cultural Politics 65
Chapter 5. The Circle of the Tophet 91
Chapter 6. Melqart’s Mediterranean 113
part iii
imperial identities
Chapter 7. The First Phoenician 135
Chapter 8. A New Phoenician World 153
Chapter 9. Phoenician Islands 176
Conclusion 201
Notes 209
Bibliography 273
Image Credits 319
Index 321

illustrations
•
I.1 Map: The Levant and neighboring regions xvi
I.2 Map: The western Mediterranean and neighboring regions xvii
1.1 Map: Ottoman Lebanon 6
1.2 Map: French Mandate Lebanon 10
1.3 Coin from French Mandate Lebanon (1940) 11
1.4 Coin from the Lebanese Republic (1955) 12
1.5 Map: Ernest Renan’s cartographic record of the area explored
by his mission to Phoenicia in 1860– 61 20
2.1 Funerary stele from Athens 28
2.2 Tophet marker from Cirta 32
4.1 Naiskos from Sidon 75
4.2 Column base from Bostan esh- Sheikh 75
4.3 The “Lycian sarcophagus” from Sidon 75
4.4 Anthropoid sarcophagus from Sidon 76
4.5 Silver coins from Byblos, Sidon, Tyre, and Arados 80
4.6 Silver coins from Segesta, Motya, Syracuse, and Panormus 85
4.7 Silver “Siculo- Punic” coinage 86
4.8 Bronze coin from Carthage 89
4.9 Silver coin from Motya 89
5.1 Map: Tophets in the central Mediterranean 93
5.2 Carthage tophet markers 103
5.3 Carthage tophet markers 103
5.4 Sulcis tophet marker 105
5.5 Carthage tophet marker 108
5.6 Carthage tophet marker 108
5.7 Cirta tophet marker 111
6.1 Silver coin from Carthage 115
6.2 Silver coins issued by Carthage and by Ptolemy I 122
6.3 “Master of the Lion” figurines 123
6.4 Melqart stele from Breidj 125
6.5 Silver coin from Rosh Melqart 125