improving the ability in writing descriptive texts through brainstorming technique for grade viii

209 Pages·2014·4.5 MB·English

IMPROVING THE ABILITY IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS
THROUGH BRAINSTORMING TECHNIQUE FOR GRADE VIII
STUDENTS AT SMP N 1 PIYUNGAN

A Thesis
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Attainment of the
Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan in English Language Education

By:
Tossi Ana Ari Utami
06202244149

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY
2014
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QUOTE

Isn’t joy that makes us unique?

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Dedication
This thesis is especially dedicated to:
Everyone who still believes that I can finish my study until the last minutes

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Alhamdullillahirrobbil’alamin,
Praise to Allah SWT, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful, for the
strength and blessings so that I could finish this thesis. In this opportunity, I would
like to thank all of those who have supported and guided me in completing this
thesis.
I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to my thesis supervisor, Dr.
Agus Widyantoro, M.Pd. for the precious advices and guidances for me in
accomplishing this thesis. My gratitude also goes to all of lecturers in English
Language Education Department, especially Mr. Sudiyono, M. A., my Academic
Counselor, for giving me valuable knowledge. I also express my truly gratitude to
the big family of SMP Negeri 1 Piyungan, particularly, Nursanti, S. Pd. and the
students of VIII B in academic year of 2013/2014, who have voluntarily assisted
and been involved in my research.
My special thanks go to my family and my partner for the warm love and
support. My special thanks also go to my best friends, Indah and Wenny. Thank
you for all the good times we had. I would like to thank to Pirdaus, the captain of
class N, for all of the supports and helps. I would also like to thank to all the
members of class N’06, Rya, Dinda, Mira, Ajeng, Wiwit, Anggun, Yusron, Reno,
Fajar and Marita. Thank you for the wonderful friendship. My gratitude also goes
to those who have contributed a lot to my life, especially during the fulfillment of
my thesis, but whose names cannot be mentioned one by one.
Finally, this thesis is still far from being perfect. However, I hope that it is
useful for the development of the English teaching-learning process, particularly
for the development of the students’ writing ability at Junior High School.

Yogyakarta, June 15th, 2014
The writer,
Tossi Ana Ari Utami
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ………………………………………………………………………….. i
APPROVAL SHEET ……………………………………….………………….. ii
RATIFICATION SHEET ……………………………………….……………… iii
SURAT PERNYATAAN ………………………………………..……………... iv
QUOTE... ……………………………………………………………………… v
DEDICATION …………………………………………………..……………... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ………………………………………………….... vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………………. viii
LIST OF APPENDICES ……………………………………………………….. xi
LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………… xii
LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………………….. xii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ………………………………………………….. xiv
ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………. xv

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ...…………………………………………….. 1
A. Background of the Study ………………………………………………… 1
B. Identification of the Problems …………………………………………… 4
C. Limitation of the Problems ……………………………………………… 7
D. Formulation of the Problems ……………………………………………. 7
E. Objectives of the Study …………………………………………………... 7
F. Significances of the Study ………………………………………………... 7

CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK ……………………………………………….... 9
A. Literature Review ………..…………………………………….………… 9
1. Writing.............………………………………………………… ………... 9
a. The Nature of Writing ……………………………………….………… 9
b. The Writing Process………………………………………….………... 11
c. Micro and Macro Skills of Writing………………………………..…… 15
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2. Teaching Writing ……………………………………………………… 17
a. Teaching……………………………………………..……………… 17
b. Teaching Writing………………………………....………………… 18
c. Feedback…………………………………………….……………… 23
d. Assessing Writing………………………………...………………… 24
e. Teaching Writing in Junior High School …………………...……... 28
3. Descriptive Text……………………………………………….......…… 29
a. Types of Writing……………………………………………..……... 29
b. Descriptive Text…………………………………..........…………… 30
4. Brainstorming Technique ………………………………………....…. 36
a. The nature of Brainstorming Technique …………………...……… 36
b. The Application of Brainstorming Technique in Teaching Writing... 38
c. The Advatages of Brainstorming in Writing……………………….. 39
B. Conceptual Framework ………………………………………………… 42

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD ………….…………………………… 45
A. Research Design…… ……………………………………………………. 45
B. Subjects of the Research………………………………………………….. 46
C. Research Setting ………………………………………………..………... 46
D. Procedure of the Research………………………………………………... 47
E. Data Collection Technique……. ………………………………………… 53
F. Data Analysis Technique ……………………..………………………… 53
G. Validity and Reability of the Research…………………………………… 55

CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH PROCESS, FINDINGS, AND DISCUSSIONS... 58
A. The Research Process…………………………………….……………… 58
1. Recconaisance………………………………………………………… 58
2. Weighing the Problem Based on the Urgency Level ………………… 64
2. Selection of the Problem Based on the Feasibility Level ……………. 67
3. Prerequisit Analysis …………………………………………….…… 67

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B. The Implementation and Discussion of Cycle 1 ………………………. 70
1. Planning of Cycle 1…………………………………………………… 70
2. Actions, Observation, and Discussion of Cycle 1 …………....……… 71
3. Reflection of Cycle 1 ……………………………………………….... 79
4. Findings of Cycle 1…………………………………………………… 84
C. The Implementation and Discussion of Cycle 2 ………………………… 85
1. Planning of Cycle ……………………………………...…………...... 85
2. Actions, Observation, and Discussion of Cycle 2 ………………….... 86
3. Reflection of Cycle 2 …………………....…………………………… 90
4. Findings of Cycle 2 …………………………………………………… 93

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS, AND SUGGESTIONS ..... 95
A. Conclusions ……………………………………………………………… 95
B. Implication ……………………………………………………………….. 97
C. Suggestions ………………………………………………………………. 99

REFERENCES ………………………………………………………………… 101

APPENDICES ………………………………………………………………….. 103

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