Table Of ContentImprYoovuer
PositCihoensasl
CarstHeann sen
Copyri©g Chatr stHeann se2n00 4
Ther igohfCt a rsHtaenn steonbe identaisfit ehdae u thooftr h iwso rhkas be enas sertienda ccor
dancwei tthh Ceo pyriDgehsti,ga nnsPd a teAnctt1s 9 88.
Anr ighrtesse rvTehdi.bs o oikss olsdu bjtte oct hec ondithtati oinst h anloltb ,yw ayo f trade or
otherwbielse e,n rte,- shoilrdoe,ud t ootrh erwciisrec uliatnae ndfy onno fb indoirncg o voetrh er
thatnh aitnw hicihit sp ubliasnhdwe idt haos uitm icloanrd iitnicolnu tdhicinosgn dibetiinogn im
posedo nt hseu bsequpeurncth aser.
A copyo ft hBer itLiisbhr Caartya logiunPi unbiglc atdiaotinasa vailfroamb lteh Ber itLiisbhr ary.
ISB1N9 0460000X
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EditbeyGd r ahamB urgess
Typesetb yPe trNau nn
PrinitneG dr eatB ritbayiT nh eC romwePlrle sTsr,ow bridWgietl,.s
109 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
GambiPtu bclatiioLnsl d
ManagDiinrge cGtMo Mru:rr aCyh andler
CheDsisr ecGtMo Jro:h Nnu nn
EditoDriiraelcF tMo rG:r ahBaumgre ss
GermEadni tWoFrM: PetrNa unn
Contenst
Symbols 4
4
Bibliography
5
ForewoarnddA cknowledgements
Introduction 6
Par1t:G enerTaelr ms
1 9
UnderstandiInmgb alances
2 18
Whati st heI nitiative?
3 29
TheQ uesfto Wre aknesses
Part2 :R elatViavleou feP ieces
4 45
Catasn dD ogsKn:i ghtsa ndB ishops
5 66
NotO nlyOpe n Fil-eWso rking withR ooks
6 81
TheE xchange
7 95
The Worth ofa Q ueen
Par3t:De aliwnigth P awns
8 110
StructWueraakln esses
9 131
PawnS acrifices
Par4t:B iDgec isions
10 142
Wherteo A ttacka ndH ow
L1 YourTh m -Exercises 161
12 167
SolutitooEn xse rcises
190
Indexo fG ames
Symbols
+ check Wcht worltde acmh ampionship
++ doubclheec k Ech Europeacnh ampionship
# checkmate Echt Europeatnea mc hampionship
11 brillmioavne t ECC EuropCeanl ubCsu p
goomdo ve Ct candidaetvese nt
11) interestmionvge IZ interzeovneanlt
'11 dubiomuosve Z zoneavle nt
? badm ove OL olympiad
'1'1 blunder jr junieovre nt
+- Whitei sw inning worn womene'vse nt
± White ism ucbeht ter rpd rapidgplaamye
! Whitiess ligbehtttleyr tt teamt ournament
= equaplo sition sim gamfer osmi mtualneoduiss play
;: Blacki ss ligbehtttleyr corr. correspongdaemnece
+ Blaciksm ucbeht ter 1-0 thgea me einnad w si nfo r White
-+ Black is winning Ih-Iht hgea me einnadd sr aw
Ch championship 0-1 thgea meen disna w inf oBrl ack
Cht teamc hampionship (n) nthm atcgha me
Wch worlcdh ampionship (D) senee xdti agram
Biibolg prhay
AguFr:i scHheirAs:pp roacht oC he(sCsa dog1a9n9 6)
BeJiavskyc/hMiiskhShieancl:ro efCt hess Isn tu(iGtaimob2ni0 t0 2)
ChessBGamsbeH C:h essMBaagsazei ne
ChessBGamsbeH M:e gDaa tab2a0s0(e3C hess2B0a0s2e)
DonaldsAoS nt:ra teOgpneiicnR ge pert(oIi.rCe1. 99E8.)
Dvoretsuksyu/pYPovo:so intaPill a(yBa stfo1rd99 6)
Emms:S impClhees (sE very2m0a10n)
"anseCnu..T: h Sec andin(aChveiBsaassn2 e 0 02)
JansDay:n amoifCc hess Sst rat(eBagtsyf o2r0d 03)
KarpoCv:h easttsh Teo 1p9 81-1(P9e8r4g a1m89o4n)
Karpov/MazukewiSttseclh:l ungsbuenPudlr at(neSpo irtlvuenr1gl9 a8g6 )
LaskLeras:k eMra'nsu aoflC he(sDso v1e96r0 )
MariSne:c roefCt hess Dse efnc(eGa mb2i0t0 3)
MatanoVvariico:vu osl umoefIns fo rma(tSaohros vkIin formator)
NielsBe.An:,l 'ONnim zowi(tDsacnhSs kka kfor1l4a9g5 )
NielsPe.n",". aIn seCna,.S :i ciAlcicaenl eDrraatge(odBan t sf1or99d8 )
NunoB:e atitnhge Si2(c Biatlosirfad1n 99 0)
PachmaMno:d eCmhe sSst ra(tDoevegry1 791)
PinsCkfia:s sDiucta(clEhv erym2a0n0 2)
Srokovsky/BBorrauslliaaMw/asksit:e rinBgi sthoPhpaie (r I EC 1999)
Uhlmann/ScBhaumeirndst:c hwac(hSepornr tve1r89l3a)g
Uhlmann/ScOhffmeinLdeti :n i(eSpnrot ver1l89a1g)
WalsonS:e croefMt odse mC hesSst rat(eGgaym b1i99t8 )
Walson:C hesSst rateignAyc ti(oGanm b2i0t0 3)
YusouvpThe: Petro(ffO lm1s99 9)
PeriodicalsC:h eMsasi Nlew, i nC hess MaSgkazaiknbel1i,ad dsektfro,riftS chacSkc,ha ch.
BritCihessMhsa gazCihneeMs, os n tahfnySd hakhmyaB tinu lleten
Forewroda ndA cknwoledgmeenst
Thanfkospr i cktinhgibo so ku pI.' m sure ctarehfautsl t wuiidtwtyh i lhle lypo uu nderstthaienn d
tricacioefps o sitionamlu cbehct htesesr gaunidyd oeu t om akinbge tter decisiotnhse throughout
courosfae l olfy ougra mes.
Thep rocethseastn dewdi tthh cer eatoiftho inws o rhka bse elno nsgt,a rbtaicnwkgh enb,a rely
elevyeeanr osl dIp, i ckuepda copoyfN imzowitscShy'sstMIeyd m id.n u'ntd ersetvaenrdy thing
Nim20witwscrho taeb oubtu.Itc ann owse eh owi sth apmeydu nderstaonfcd hiensOgsn e.' esd u
catiioncn h ensesv eenrd Isco ;n tintuobe ea mazebdy t hien stisbg yho thgerrea cth eassu thloirkse
DvoretNsuknynS.,h ereshaenvdWs katys ont,om entibounatf ew.
Manyp eopdleese rvto ebe thankmeyd mot;h er,wh o taugmhet tpol acyh esasnd; m y father.
whoh elpmeedu nderscthaenbesdts t earn dh elpmeedu ndersttheav nadl oufew orkionn ygo ru
gamoen y our oMwybn r.o tghaevrme e t hfeir smto tivatot sitoundb yy, winan ipnrigin azt eo urna
menwth erIde idnw'itna n ay nhd assin cteh ebne eonn oef m yb iggseusptp orMtaenrtysh .a ntkos
myc hessf rienadnsd analysis partwnietrwhsh ,o mIth oagvueent ochveerr ed semcorreeot fts h e
gamteh awne c ould havoeno udorow nneA. lso thantok Sst ephawniheok. e pmte a tt hfiree and
helpmee df ocusF.i namlyld ye.e pgesrta titot tuhdGeea mbtieatm M.u rrCahyandlJeorhnN, u nn
anGdr aham Bufrogtrea skisn.g a ocnhm aenb caecin k 1 998a,n fdo r tphaetiirew nictmehe a nd
for thweo hrtakhr edhy a vpeu itn taolp lh aseosfm yb ooks.
CarsHtaenns en
HackenNsaewc Jke,r sNeoyv,e m2b0e0r4
Itnorduction
Tactiicwss h aytod uo w hent heirsseo metthdoi ons;grat teigwsyh ayto duo w hetnhe riens ot hing
tod o.
SAVIETLA LRYT AKOWER
Whaits P ositiCohneasls ?
Lets'tsa ortu bty d efiniwnhgaw te ar ea botuotd isciunths issbo ok. Positiocnhaesrlse fetroas l l
theel emeinnct hses tsh agtoi nttohee valuaotfai p oons itainoidnn ,tt oha es sessomfwe hnitcp hl an
ansdt ratiesbg eysi tna g ivpeons ition.
Ik nowt,h idso esrne'atlt leyylo lum uchb,u Itj usstu ggyeosukt e etph iisnm inads y ouw ork
youwary throtuhbogeoh k An. indivitdoupmaialcy l ookab iotu otf t ouwciht thh oev ersaulblje ct
ofp ositiocnhaelsb sua,t s y oup ultlhet hreadst ogetihsteh ro,u hlodp efmuallkysee n se.
So whaatr wee l ookiatn?g
Thinfkoa rl itwthlieal boeu wth icfha ctyoorucs o nsiwdheeryn o ue valuaap toes itHioowmn a.n y
oft hfeo olwlinegl ememnatdsie it n tyoo umre ntcahle cklist?
MaterBialaaln ce/Imbalance
•
Pawn-Structure
•
PawnD istribution
•
IsolaPtaedwn s
•
BackwardlHangPianwgn s
•
PassePda wns
•
PiecCeo ordination
•
PieDcies tribution
•
KinSga fety
•
Development
•
WeakS quares
•
WeakC oloCuorm plex
•
OpeFni les
•
ControofRl a nks/Diagonals
•
Goovd sB adP ieces
•
Initiative
•
ControofCl e ntre
•
KingsPiodtee ntial
•
QueensPiodtee ntial
•
More cboeum ledn tiobnueItds ,h asltloh pe rEev.e inyf o uh adm osto ft hem,Iam suret here are
�titlhli ntgols e arno rt ob ei mproovneE.dv etnh setr ongpelsaty keereswp or kinognt heuinrd er
�tandoiftn hgge a meI.fy oua rseer ioaubosu tg ettbeitntge wrh,i cIha ssuymoeu a rsei nycoeu
boughtth iboso k, wyiouln le etdod ot hsea meH.o ws troynogub ecomen ootn ldye penodnhs o w
mucthi maen de ffoyrto up uitn tiotb ,u atl shoo ww elylo uu nderswthaanytdo uh ave woornk ed
and hyoowua ppilttyo y ougra me wyhoenup lay.
INTRODUCTION 7
Int hibsoo kI shgaotl hlr oualg ohot fe xampilletlsru astaiv nagr ioefet lye metnhtesm,ie sd,e as,
etcIs. u ggthate syto ud onr'uts thhr ougthhee x amplbeurtsat ,h etra ktei mteoe valueaacthpe o si
tioann dm akuep y oumri nasd tow hoh ast hbeet ter poasniwdt hiaoytno ,uw oulpdl aiyfy ouh ad
thpeo sitiinoo nneo f y ouorw ng ames.
Chesiss9 9%T actics
Thicsl aiwas m firsmta deb yR ichaTreidc hmaannndh, a ss inbceee rne peatheudn droefd s
timeisna v arioeftb yo okosfa lslo rbtysa lkli nodsf authoIrs sh.aa llYlel tom yws etlodf i s
agreaesI, t hiintik, s a tb esmti,s ugideTdh e reIast ohni snoki sb ecautshteea cctsni ormally
exibsetc auosfae ni mbalainnoc neeo r m orpeo sitifoaoncrtaNsl.i mzowiotnseccw hr ot"eP:o
sitipolnaaayln cd ombinatpilyvah ea vteos uppeoarctoh t hearn;hd'e c ontuie:ns" Top lapyo si
tinoaclhe sisst om akaec laoifmt hfeo llokwiinn'dgI: ' bme ttceern tratlhiazmney od p ponent'
or' myo pponieswne ta okn t hlei gshqtu araenssd' oo nB.u otn et hiinstg o m akteh cel aiamn,
othiestr o p rovietA .n dn owi sth oubleda, s s omkei nodfp ecurliitoayb,s ertvheadpt,o sitional
pladyo estan l'wahyasv teh seu fficcaipeanctti omt ayk eth per ooOff.t en eniotwu iglchlo me
abouwti thoauntyd ifficeug.l.tt hyce:e ntraliwzialftloi rotcnhe oe p ponteons te etkol ighten
thper essutrher ou'grhe streaxicnnhegade'as s:a r esusletv,e treamlpa irl eo satn tdh cee ntral
izepda rwtiyl olb taais nu pereinodrg a.m.be.u t th earreae l soot hcears wehse rteh peo sitional
supericoarnniottb yed emosntrabtyep do sitipolnaIayntl. h ecsaes tehsce o mbinaptliawvyie l l
havteoa sstiI.sn t hiwses eteh dee epiemrp ortoafnc ceo mibnatipvleai ys;tn i 'tw ondertfhualt
combintaivpel adye,s piittesexp losdiyvnea mitec-ofilnlteeidnna t w ,a ys tialplp ltioep so si
toinapll ay!"
The2 ndW orlCdh ampiEomna,n uLeals keorn,c wer ot"eB:yc ombinatthimeoa ns teari mtso
show upa ndde fetahftea lvsea lutehste;r uev alues gsuhiahimdl eli np ositipolanwyah,li cihnt urn
shablrli tnhgo vsea luteohs o nour:'
It hitnhkac th eissas t l eas90t% baseodnp ositifaocntaolr s.
Whiltea ctarei csc ondseirerde lateiavsetylos y t udpyo,s itciohneshas asla na ltogether different
standiinmn ogs pte oplmei'nsdT sac.t iccanse asibelp yr atcismeosdt;c hemsasg azihanveeas r eg
ulafrea tuwriet cho mbinaptuizoznlt esos olvbeu,ft o pro siticohneassnlo thing cans ibmei lar
founYdet h adi tno bte efno ther positiiombnaalla nacnewdse aknesisnae g si vpeosni titohne,
combinationno etwx oiuSosl twd h iwleea reb einsgpo on-fweidt ehx ampolfev sa ricoomubsi na
tiopna ttearnnstd h emleist,itspl ases eodnt ou sa bohuotw w ec amno seats ideltye rmwihnee thae r
combinactaibno een x pecttobe edf ouonrdn ot.
Int hibso okIs, h aslhlo ywo uw hattol oookufto tor h elepv alupaotsei tions qrueilcaktliyv.e ly
Thisw inn ootn lhye lp yoyuo uwporis tiht ional plaanydp, l asntnrbiauntatgel ,gst yoh t ea ctical
sidoefy ougra me.
Is haglelbt a ctkot hasth orBtlufyto. n rowl,e tl'osoa kl itftolrew aarthd o wth ibso oikso rga-
niz,ea dndwh ayto ucan expefrocmt thceh aeprts.
Thebo oki sd iviidnetdfo o urp arts:
Part 1:G enerTaelr ms
Part 2: RelativVael ueo fP ieces
Par3t:De alinwgi tPha wns
Part B4i:Dg e cisions
Eacpha rcto ntatihnrstee o f oucrh apteearcsch,o evriand gi fferteonptiI sc h.a elxlp ltahien
theorayn udn derstaonfdtithnoegp i inqc u estiboasend o ng ametsa kfreonm c ontempomrastaerry
plaTyh.eg ameisn clsoumdeeb yp layersa sKs ruacmhn Kiakr.p oPve,t rosiLaanr,sA ennd,e rsson
ansedv eroatlh oefmr y f avourpiltaey ebruastl, sa lo o otfg amefesa tuprel ayyeorums a yn obte s o
familwiiatrh .
Attheen odf e acchh apttehrew,rei lblea n umb0ef re xercfioseyrso uto s olTvhee.s oluttioo ns
theseex ercicsaebnse f ounidnt hleas cth apotfet rh beo ok.
8 IMPROVYEO URP OSrrJONALC HESS
AT oofloY ro u
Int hec ourosfae g amteh eirsae r elatsiivmeplflyo er lmuat hawti ll ghueilydpoe ut om aket he
rigdhetc isibotho nssh,o rt-atnedlr omn g-tTehrefm o.r muislb aa seodna n umbere loefm etnhtast
wes halloolk a tth roughout twhihse nmb aokionkgt he decasi tsoiw ohinc h course the game
shoutakle.d T he elements are:
1K.i nsagf ety
2.P awntru-csturaen dd istribution
3.P iecocoer ditniaoann dd istribution
4.U nprotepcatwenadsn dp ieces
5.W eaks quares
6.W hatw ould oypopuorn deoni tfi wt e rhei tsu rn(?p ropahxyils)
Whenevieitr sy o utru rny,o us houglotd h rotughh ilsit ltilIsetts .o unadb sit ted iobuusot,n ce
thep roceisssst arititers de ,l ateiavsetylof y o llaso mwo,s etl emernetmsa tihnse a mfer ommo ve to
movaned t hefroered onha'vte to plaayni mmediraotlieent hed ecisioinn-gHm.oakw evieyfr o,u r
opponmeankte asm ovoer s taarp tlsa wnh ersee veorfta hlee l emewnitlcslh antghee,yn o uk now
thayto ua raeta c ritpiocailin ntt h gea maen ydo uc atna ktehn ee cessatriym toe m akteh rei gdhet
cision.
Thesee lemearnetn sot o nluys efwuhlem na kipnogs itdieocnsiai lob nusat,l swoh eyno hua vae
highly tpaocstiitocintao hlnboare d . Crittiacaclt diecacli sairoeena ss iteomr a ke wyhoeuhn a vae
cleiadrea o ft hbaes ifce atuorfye osu pro sitainodyn o ud onh'atv aeh ordoefl oosep awnasn d
pieceusn accoufnoaterld ol v etrhbo ea rdI ndeceod,m binawtiilaolln ssbeo detewcitteghdr eater
ease.
