Imperial Cities: Landscape, Display and Identity

302 Pages·1999·6.378 MB·English

by  Felix Driver (editor), David Gilbert (editor)

IMPERIAL CITIES
LANDSCAPE, DISPLAY
AND IDENTITY
EDITED BY FELIX DRIVER AND DAVID GILBERT
Plms pages 18/2/03 11:39 am Page i
general editor John M. MacKenzie
Established in the belief that imperialism as a cultural
phenomenon had as significant an effect on the dominant
as on the subordinate societies, Studies in Imperialism
seeks to develop the new socio-cultural approach which
has emerged through cross-disciplinary work on popular
culture, media studies, art history, the study of education
and religion, sports history and children’s literature.
The cultural emphasis embraces studies of migration and
race, while the older political and constitutional,
economic and military concerns will never be far away.
It incorporates comparative work on European and
American empire-building, with the chronological focus
primarily, though not exclusively, on the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries, when these cultural exchanges were
most powerfully at work.
Imperial cities
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AVAILABLE IN THE SERIES
Britain in China
Community, culture and colonialism, 1900–1949 Robert Bickers
New frontiers
Imperialism’s new communities in East Asia 1842–1952
eds Robert Bickers and Christian Henriot
Western medicine as contested knowledge
eds Andrew Cunningham and Bridie Andrews
The Arctic in the British imagination 1818-1914 Robert G. David
Imperial cities
Landscape, display and identity
eds Felix Driver and David Gilbert
Science and society in Southern Africa Saul Dubow
Equal subjects, unequal rights
Indigenous peoples in British settler colonies, 1830s-1910
Julie Evans, Patricia Grimshaw, David Phillips and Shurlee Swain
Unfit for heroes
Reconstruction and soldier settlement in the Empire between the wars
Kent Fedorowich
Emigration from Scotland between the wars
Opportunity or exile? Marjory Harper
Empire and sexuality
The British experience Ronald Hyam
‘An Irish Empire?’
Aspects of Ireland and the British Empire ed. Keith Jeffery
Reporting the Raj
The Britsh press in India, c. 1880–1922 Chandrika Kaul
Law, history, colonialism
The reach of empire eds Diane Kirkby and Catherine Coleborne
The South African War reappraised Donal Lowry
The empire of nature
Hunting, conservation and British imperialism John M. MacKenzie
Imperialism and popular culture ed. John M. MacKenzie
Propaganda and empire
The manipulation of British public opinion, 1880–1960 John M. MacKenzie
Gender and imperialism ed. Clare Midgley
Guardians of empire
The armed forces of the colonial powers, c. 1700–1964
eds David Omissi and David Killingray
Female imperialism and national identity
Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire Katie Pickles
Married to the empire
Gender, politics and imperialism in India, 1883–1947 Mary A. Procida
Imperial persuaders
Images of Africa and Asia in British advertising Anandi Ramamurthy
Imperialism and music
Britain 1876–1953 Jeffrey Richards
Colonial frontiers
Indigenous–European encounters in settler societies ed. Lynette Russell
West Indian intellectuals in Britain ed. Bill Schwarz
Colonial masculinity
The ‘manly Englishman’ and the ‘effeminate Bengali’ Mrinalini Sinha
Jute and empire
The Calcutta jute wallahs and the landscapes of empire
Gordon T. Stewart
The imperial game
Cricket, culture and society
eds Brian Stoddart and Keith A. P. Sandiford
The French Empire at war, 1940–45 Martin Thomas
British culture and the end of empire ed. Stuart Ward
Travellers in Africa
British travelogues, 1850–1900 Tim Youngs
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Imperial cities
LANDSCAPE, DISPLAY
AND IDENTITY
edited by Felix Driver
and David Gilbert
MANCHESTER
UNIVERSITY PRESS
Manchester and New York
distributed exclusively in the USA by
PALGRAVE
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Copyright © Manchester University Press 1999
While copyright in the volume as a whole is vested in Manchester University Press,
copyright in individual chapters belongs to their respective authors, and no chapter
may be reproduced wholly or in part without the express permission in writing of both
author and publisher.
Published by MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY PRESS
OXFORD ROAD, MANCHESTER M13 9NR, UK
and ROOM 400, 175 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10010, USA
www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk
Distributed exclusively in the USA by
PALGRAVE
175 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10010, USA
Distributed exclusively in Canada by
UBC PRESS, UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA,
2029 WEST MALL, VANCOUVER, BC, CANADA V6T 1Z2
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for
Gender and imperialism / edited by Clare Midgley.
p. cm. –– (Studies in imperialism)
ISBN 0–7190–4819–2 (cloth). –– ISBN 0–7190–4820–6 (pbk.)
1. Imperialism––History. 2. Sex role––History. 3. Feminist
theory. I. Midgley, Clare, 1955–. II. Series: Studies in
imperialism (Manchester, England)
JC359.G456 1998
ISBN 0 7190 5413 3 hardback
ISBN 0 7190 6497 X paperback
First published 1999
First published in paperback 2003
10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Typeset in Trump Medieval
by Northern Phototypesetting Co Ltd, Bolton
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CONTENTS
List of illustrations — page vii
General editor’s introduction — page xi
Notes on contributors — page xiii
Acknowledgements — page xvii
1 Imperial cities: overlapping territories, intertwined page1
histories
Felix Driver and David Gilbert
Part I Imperial landscapes
2 ‘A grand work of noble conception’: the Victoria 21
Memorial and imperial London
Tori Smith
3 Empire in modern Rome: shaping and remembering an 40
imperial city, 1870–1911
David Atkinson, Denis Cosgrove and Anna Notaro
4 Capitale du plaisir:the remaking of imperial Paris 64
Claire Hancock
5 The Potemkin city: tourist images of late imperial 78
Vienna
Jill Steward
6 Imperial visions: rebuilding the Bank of England, 96
1919–39
Iain Black
Part II Imperial display
7 Staging the imperial city: the Pageant of London, 1911 117
Deborah S. Ryan
8 ‘Capital of the Colonies’: real and imagined boundaries 136
between metropole and empire in 1920s Marseilles
Yaël Simpson Fletcher
9 Commemorating empire in twentieth-century Seville 155
Anthony Gristwood
[ v]
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CONTENTS
10 Portable iron structures and uncertain colonial spaces at 174
the Sydenham Crystal Palace
Andrew Hassam
11 ‘The scenery of the torrid zone’: imagined travels and the 194
culture of exotics in nineteenth-century British gardens
Rebecca Preston
Part III Imperial identities
12 ‘The Second City of the Empire’: Glasgow – imperial 215
municipality
John M. MacKenzie
13 Sartorial spectacle: clothing and masculine identities in 238
the imperial city, 1860–1914
Christopher Breward
14 Anti-imperial London: the Pan-African Conference of 254
1900
Jonathan Schneer
Afterword. Postcolonial times: the visible and the 268
invisible
Bill Schwarz
Index— page 273
[ vi]
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ILLUSTRATIONS
1 ‘Visit the empire’, by Ernest M. Dinkel (1932).
Reproduced by kind permission of the London
Transport Museum page2
2 Aston Webb’s plan for the Queen Victoria Memorial and
reconstruction of the Mall. The Builder, 2 November
1901 23
3 ‘Motherhood’, detail from the Queen Victoria Memorial,
London, Thomas Brock 29
4 The coronation procession of King George V. Illustrated
London News, 1 July 1911 32
5 George V and Kaiser Wilhelm II unveiling the Queen
Victoria Memorial, London. The Graphic, 20 May 1911 33
6 Aerial view of the Vittorio Emanuele II monument 52
7 Dea Roma, on the Vittorio Emanuele II monument.
From I. S. Munro, Through Fascism to World Power
(London, 1933), frontispiece 54
8 ‘Why we’re going to the inauguration of the altar of the
nation!’. Front page of Il Bastone, 4 June 1911 57
9 Postcard of the Vittorio Emanuele II monument floodlit
for the visit to Rome of Adolf Hitler, May 1938. Reproduced
by courtesy of the British School at Rome Library. Photo:A.
Crawford 58
10 Inauguration of the Boulevard de Sébastopol, 5 April
1858. Reproduced by courtesy of the Photothéque des
Musées de la Ville de Paris, cliché Ph. Ladet 68
11 Souvenir of the Exposition Universelle of 1867. Reproduced
by courtesy of the Photothéque des Musées de la Ville de
Paris, cliché Ph. Ladet 75
12 Postcard of tourists watching the Burgmusik, the changing
of the guard in the inner courtyard of the Hofburg, 1906 81
13 Postcard of Viennese types: door-to-door street musicians,
1902. 86
[ vii]
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ILLUSTRATIONS
14 ‘Greetings from Vienna’, 1905 postcard 87
15 Koloman Moser’s commemorative postcard for
Franz-Josef’s Diamond Jubilee, 1908. 91
16 The Bank of England and the Royal Exchange as engraved
by F. Appel, c. 1860. Reproduced by courtesy of the
Guildhall Library, Corporation of London 97
17 Herbert Baker’s late imperial reconstruction of the Bank
of England, 1938. Reproduced by courtesy of the Bank of
England Collection 102
18 The new Bank of England: the entrance front in
Threadneedle Street, 1931. Reproduced by courtesy of the
Bank of England Collection 104
19 The new bronze entrance doors of the Bank of England,
Threadneedle Street, 1931. Reproduced by courtesy of
the Bank of England Collection 107
20 Plan of grounds showing the ‘All Red Tour’ and the
buildings of the overseas dominions, Festival of Empire and
Imperial Exhibition, Crystal Palace, Sydenham, 1911. By
courtesy of the V&A Picture Library 122
21 Amphitheatre designed by Sir Aston Webb, Pageant of
London, 1911. By courtesy of the V&A Picture Library 123
22 The Masque of Empire, Pageant of London, 1911. By
courtesy of the V&A Picture Library 128
23 The West African Tower at the 1922 exposition in
Marseilles. From l’Exposition nationale coloniale de
Marseilles décrit par ses auteurs(Marseille, Commissariat
Général de l’Exposition, 1922), p. 103 137
24 Plan of the 1922 exposition in Marseilles. From the
Guide officiel: l’Exposition nationale coloniale de Marseille
1922 (Marseilles, Imprimeries de la Société du ‘Petit
Marseillais’, 1922), pp. 33–4 138
25 Plan of the city of Marseilles. From the Guide officiel:
l’Exposition nationale coloniale de Marseille 1922
(Marseilles, Imprimeries de la Société du ‘Petit
Marseillais’, 1922) 140
26 Postcard drawing of the Plaza de España, c. 1926 160
27 Postcard view of the Spanish Guinea pavilion at the
Iberoamerican Fair of 1929 163
[ viii]
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ILLUSTRATIONS
28 The ill-fated Pavilion of Discoveries (architect, Javier
Feduchi) at Expo ’92. Photo: A. Gristwood, March 1996 168
29 The Great Palm House, Kew Gardens. The Illustrated
London News, 7 August 1852. Reproduced by courtesy
of the National Library of Australia 185
30 Interior of the Crystal Palace, Sydenham. From Henry
Russell Hitchcock, Early Victorian Architecture in Britain
(New Haven CT, Yale University Press, 1954) 187
31 The Queensland Annexe at the London International
Exhibition, 1872. From the collection of the John Oxley
Library, Brisbane. Reproduced by kind permission of the
Library Board of Queensland 190
32 A parrot house or vinery in the Moorish style. From
Shirley Hibberd, Rustic Adornments for Homes of Taste
(London, 1856) 199
33 A greenhouse of hardy ‘exotics’ in a north London suburb,
1866. Floral World, January 1866 204
34 Hardy rhododendrons naturalised in an English garden.
From William Robinson, The English Flower Garden
(seventh edition, London, 1899) 209
35 A North British locomotive on its way to the Clyde for
export to the Peiping Liaoning Railway in China, 1931.
Reproduced by courtesy of the Mitchell Library,
Glasgow, NBL collection 224
36 Tait’s tower at the 1938 Glasgow Empire Exhibition
rising above the funfair. Reproduced by courtesy of the
Mitchell Library, Glasgow, GEE file 230
37 The hosier Robinson &Cleaver’s facade in an
advertisement of c. 1900. John Johnson collection,
Bodleian Library, University of Oxford 246
38 The figure of the City clerk, c. 1895. John Johnson
collection, Bodleian Library, University of Oxford 248
39 Clothing for the colonies, c. 1910 251
40 Sketches at the Pan-African Conference. The Daily
Graphic, 24 July 1990. By courtesy of the British Library 263
[ ix]