Impact of Abiotic and Biotic Parameters of the Human Gut on Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli ...

84 Pages·2017·6.89 MB·English

Impact of Abiotic and Biotic Parameters of the Human Gut on
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Survival and Virulence
Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
Associate professor, University of Clermont Auvergne, France
IAFP's 13th European Symposium on Food Safety
29th March 2017, Brussels, Belgium
Introduction Abiotic factors Biotic factors Conclusion
Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS « Microbiota, Digestive Environment and Health »
Pr. Pierre Peyret
Clermont-Ferrand
Introduction Abiotic factors Biotic factors Conclusion
Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS « Microbiota, Digestive Environment and Health »
Pr. Pierre Peyret
Intestinal microbiota :
main functions and impact on human and animal health
Galenic
formulation
Aerobic/anaerobicmicrobiology
Bioinformatics ARTIFICIAL
DIGESTION /
Molecular tools
FERMENTATION
Analytic infrastructure
Gnotobioticanimals
Introduction Abiotic factors Biotic factors Conclusion
Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS « Microbiota, Digestive Environment and Health »
Pr. Pierre Peyret
Intestinal microbiota :
main functions and impact on human and animal health
3 main research axes
► Food and xenobiotic metabolism
► Host-microbiota interactions
► Food-borne zoonotic diseases
Introduction Abiotic factors Biotic factors Conclusion
ENTEROHEMORRHAGIC ESCHERICHIA COLI (EHEC)
(O157:H7)
1982
Major food-borne pathogens
Karmaliet al., Lancet, 1983
→ Bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis
→ Life-threatening systemic complications
Real public health problem
Tarret al., Lancet, 2005
Pennington, Lancet, 2010
Introduction Abiotic factors Biotic factors Conclusion
P
HYSIOPATHOLOGY
TRANSMISSION VIA CONTAMINATED
FOOD AND WATER
RESERVOIRS
Introduction Abiotic factors Biotic factors Conclusion
P
HYSIOPATHOLOGY
TRANSMISSION VIA CONTAMINATED
FOOD AND WATER
RESERVOIRS
ACID RESISTANCE
Introduction Abiotic factors Biotic factors Conclusion
P
HYSIOPATHOLOGY
TRANSMISSION VIA CONTAMINATED
FOOD AND WATER
RESERVOIRS
ACID RESISTANCE
ATTACHMENT AND
EFFACEMENT LESIONS
INTIMIN
SHIGA TOXINS
WATERY DIARRHEA BLOODY DIARRHEA
Introduction Abiotic factors Biotic facMAtPoKrs Conclusion
P
HYSIOPATHOLOGY IL8
TRANSMISSION VIA CONTAMINATED
FOOD AND WATER Etienne-Mesmin et al., PLoSOne, 2011
Schüller, Toxins, 2011
CROSS THE INTESTINAL BARRIER
RESERVOIRS
M cell
Macrophage
T Lymphocyte
ACID RESISTANCE PEYER’S PATCHES
B Lymphocyte
ATTACHMENT AND
BLOODSTREAM
EFFACEMENT LESIONS
INTIMIN
SHIGA TOXINS
WATERY DIARRHEA BLOODY DIARRHEA
Introduction Abiotic factors Biotic factors Conclusion
P
HYSIOPATHOLOGY
TRANSMISSION VIA CONTAMINATED HEMOLYTIC UREMIC
FOOD AND WATER
SYNDROME (HUS)
TROMBOTIC
RESERVOIRS
TROMBOCYTOPENIC
PURPURA (PTT)
KIDNEY
ACID RESISTANCE BRAIN
ATTACHMENT AND
BLOODSTREAM
EFFACEMENT LESIONS
INTIMIN
SHIGA TOXINS
WATERY DIARRHEA BLOODY DIARRHEA