Table Of ContentIMMUNOLOGY OF
MILK AND THE
NEONATE
ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
Editorial Board:
NATHAN BACK, State University of New York at Buffalo
IRUN R. COHEN, The Weizmann Institute of Science
DAVID KRITCHEVSKY, Wistar Institute
ABEL LAJTHA, N.S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
RODOLFO PAOLETTI, University of Milan
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IMMUNOLOGY OF MILK AND THE NEONATE
Edited by Iiri Mestecky, Claudia Blair, and Pearay L. Ogra
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IMMUNOLOGY OF
MILKANDTHE
NEONATE
Edited by
Jiri Mestecky
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Birmingham, Aiabama
Claudia Blair
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland
and
Pearay L. Ogra
University of Texas
Galveston, Texas
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
Llbrary of Congress Cataloglng-ln-Publlcatlon Oata
Symposium on Immunology of Milk and the Neonate (1990 : Mlaml, Fla.)
Immunology of milk and the neonate / edited by Jiri Mestecky,
Claudla Blalr, and Pearay L. Ogra.
p. cm. -- (Advances In experimental mediclne and blology ; v.
310)
"Proceedlngs of a Symposium on Immunology of Milk and the Neonate,
held October 14-17, 1990, In Mini, Florlda"--T.p. verso.
Includes blbllographical references and index.
ISBN 976-1-4613-6713-0 ISBN 978-1-4615-3836-7 (eBook)
0011010071978-1-4615-3836-7
1. Infants--Nutrltlon--Immunologlcal aspects--Congresses.
2. Breast feed I ng--Immuno 1o g I ca 1 aspe"cts--Congresses.
3. Immunologlc diseases In chlldren--Nutrltlonal aspects-
-Congresses. I. Mestecky, Jlri, 1941- 11. Blalr, Claudla.
111. Ogra, Pearay L. ~V. Tltle. V. Serles.
[ONLM: 1. Breast feedlng--congresses. 2. Infant, Newborn
-congresses. 3. Milk, Human--Immunology--congresses. Wl A0559 v.
310 I WS 125 598931]
RJ216.S945 1990
616.92·0079--dc20
ONLM/OLC
for Llbrary of Congress 91-39674
CIP
Proceedings of a symposium on Immunology of Milk and the Neonate,
held October 14-17, 1990, in Miami, Florida
ISBN 978-1-4613-6713-0
© 1991 by Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Plenum Press New York in 1991
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1991
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
PREFACE
In the course of history, humans have attempted to interrupt the
physiological and psychological bond formed between a nursing mother and
her child by substituting breastfeeding with artificial formulas. A growing
body of evidence indicates that breast milk, quite apart from its unsurpassed
nutritive value, contains a large number of substances that protect the
offspring from common infectious agents and allergens and promote the
maturation of the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system. In addition
to well described milk antibodies and soluble mediators of innate immunity,
milk cells and pluripotent secreted factors - cytokines - are currently in the
forefront of extensive research with respect to their importance in milk
immunology. The purpose of this conference was to critically evaluate the
current state of our knowledge concerning the protective role of immune
agents found in milk, to provide up-to-date information of milk factors with
respect to their role in the maturation of immunological defense systems in
the neonate, and to reassess the importance of breastfeeding in the prevention
of allergies in formula-fed infants.
We hope that the work presented by international participants will
prompt many new ideas and stimulate further research in this important
area.
This conference was sponsored primarily by the National Institute of
Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, MD. We would like to thank Drs. Sumner Yaffe and Delbert
Dayton for their efforts with the organization, planning, and support of this
conference. Furthermore, we would like to acknowledge the Carnation
Cooperation, Procter & Gamble, Bristol-Myers, Ross Laboratories, and Stolle
Milk Biologics for their financial support.
We would like to thank Ms. Arline Sanchez for her competent
attention to many of the details that made it possible to bring this group of
researchers together.
The organization of this meeting and publication of this book would
not have been possible without the expert skills and dedication of Ms. Maria
Bethune.
J. Mestecky
C. Blair
P.L.Ogra
v
CONTENTS
SESSION I: BREASTFEEDING AND MATERNAL-NEONATAL
INTERACTIONS. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF
BREASTFEEDING
CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN MILK ANTIBODIES AND
THEIR EFFECT IN RELATION TO THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF
BREASTFEEDING AND INFECTIONS IN A DEVELOPING
COUNTRy........................................................ 1
L. A. Hanson, F. Jalil, R Ashraf, S. Bernini, B. Carlsson,
J. R Cruz, T. Gonzalez, M. Hahn-Zoric, L. Mellander,
Y. Minoli, G. Moro, F. Nave, S. Zaman, 1. Mata, J. Karlberg,
and B. S. Lindblad
T CELL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FETUS AND NEONATE. . . . . . . . . . . . 17
C. B. Wilson, D. B. Lewis and B. K. English
GROWTH FACTORS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF
NEONATAL HOST DEFENSE. . . . . . .. . . . . . .... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
J. E. Bines and W. A. Walker
SESSION II: DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEONATAL IMMUNE SYSTEM
AMNIOTIC FLIDD: THE FIRST FEEDING OF MUCOSAL
IMMUNEFACTORS...................... ........................ 41
M. G. Cleveland, M. A. Bakos, S. M. Hilton and R M. Goldblum
ONTOGENY OF THE SECRETORY IgA SYSTEM IN
IIDMANS........................................................ 51
I. Moro, I. Saito, M. Asano, T. Takahashi and T. Iwase
IgA-SECRETING CELLS IN THE BLOOD OF PREMATURE
AND TERM INFANTS: NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
AND EFFECT OF INTRAUTERINE INFECTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
A. Nahmias, B. Stoll, E. Hale, C. lbegbu, H. Keyserling, W. Innis
Whitehouse, R Holmes, T. Spira, C. Czerkinsky and F. Lee
DEVELOPMENT OF T CELLS WITH MEMORY PHENOTYPE
ININFANCY ..................................................... 71
A. R Hayward and J. Groothuis
THE EFFECT OF HUMAN MILK, PROTEIN-FORTIFIED HUMAN
MILK AND FORMULA ON IMMUNOLOGIC FACTORS OF
NEWBORN INFANTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
D. Kokinopoulos, S. Photopoulos, N. Varvarigou, L. Kafegidakis
and M. Xanthou
vii
ONTOGENY OF THE MUCOSAL IMMUNE RESPONSE IN
CHILDREN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
A. W. Cripps, M. Gleeson and R L. Clancy
SESSION III: FUNCTION OF CYfOKINES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
IMMUNE SYSTEM
ARE CYTOKINES IN HUMAN MILK? .............................. 93
A. S. Goldman, H. E. Rudloff and F. C. Schmalstieg
THE DEVELOPING GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND MILK-
BORNE EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR .......................... 99
O. Koldovsky, J. Britton, D. Davis, T. Davis, J. Grimes, W. Kong,
R. Rao and P. Schaudies
GROWTH FACTOR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN
HUMAN INTESTINAL CELLS ...................................... 107
S. W. Chu and W. A. Walker
ROLE OF IL-6 IN HUMAN ANTIGEN-SPECIFIC AND
POLYCLONAL IgA RESPONSES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 113
J. R. McGhee, K. Fujihashi, C. Lue, K. W. Beagley, J. Mestecky
and H. Kiyono
IMMUNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND DIFFERENTIATION
POTENTIAL OF HUMAN COLOSTRAL LYMPHOCYTES OF
B CELL LINEAGE .................................................. 123
J. Mestecky, Z. Moldoveanu, S. J. Prince, W. H. Kutteh,
R. Kulhavy, J. R. McGhee, I. Moro and S. S. Crago
SESSION IV: INNATE IMMUNE FACfORS
THE EFFECTS OF COLOSTRUM ON NEUTROPHIL FUNCTION:
DECREASED DEFORMABILITY WITH INCREASED
CYTOSKELETON-ASSOCIATED ACTIN. . . . . . . .. ................... 131
E. S. Buescher
PEROXIDASES IN HUMAN MILK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 137
K. M. Pruitt, F. Rahemtulla, B. Mcinsson-Rahemtulla,
D. C. Baldone and G. T. Laven
LACTOFERRIN BINDING TO ITS INTESTINAL RECEPTOR. . . . . . . . .. 145
B. Lonnerdal
FREE FATTY ACIDS AND MONOGLYCERIDES: ANTI-INFECTIVE
AGENTS PRODUCED DURING THE DIGESTION OF MILK FAT BY
THE NEWBORN. .................................................. 151
M. Hamosh
viii
THE ROLE OF MILK-DERIVED ANTIMICROBIAL LIPIDS AS
ANTIVIRAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
C. E. Isaacs and H. Thormar
ANTI-ADHESIVE MOLECULES IN HUMAN MILK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 167
C. Svanborg, G. Aniansson, J. Mestecky, H. Sabharwal
and A. Wold
THE EFFECT OF HUMAN MILK ON THE ADHERENCE OF
ENTEROHEMORRHAGIC E. cau TO RABBIT INTESTINAL
CELLS ............................................................ 173
S. Ashkenazi, D. S. Newberg and T. G Cleary
SESSION V: SPEOFIC IMMUNE FAcrORS
IDENTIFICATION AND USE OF PROTECTIVE MONOCLONAL
IgA ANTIBODIES AGAINST VIRAL AND BACTERIAL
PATHOGENS ..................................................... 179
M. Neutra, R Weltzin, L. Winner, J. Mack, P. Michetti,
L. Morrison, B. N. Fields, J. J. Mekalanos and J.-P. Kraehenbiihl
PRODUCTION AND USE OF MONOCLONAL IgA ANTIBODIES
COMPLEXED WITH RECOMBINANT SECRETORY COMPONENT
FOR PASSIVE MUCOSAL PROTECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 183
P. Michetti, R Hirt, R Weltzin, N. Fasel, E. Schaerer,
M. R. Neutra and J.-P. Kraehenbiihl
EPITHELIAL TRANSPORT OF IgA IMMUNE COMPLEXES ........... 187
M. E. Lamm, J. K. Robinson, C. K. Rao, J.-P. Vaerman and
C. S. Kaetzel
ASSOCIATION OF HUMAN MILK SIgA ANTIBODIES WITH
MATERNAL INTESTINAL EXPOSURE TO MICROBIAL
ANTIGENS ....................................................... 193
J. Cruz, F. Cano and P. Caceres
SERUM AND BREAST MILK ANTIBODIES TO FOOD
ANTIGENS IN AFRICAN MOTHERS AND RELATION
TO THEIR DIET. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .............. 201
F. Mascart-Lemone, P. Donnen, B. Paluku, D. Brasseur,
J. Van den Broeck, J.-P. Vaermall, P. Hennart and J. Duchateau
MODULATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE BY MATERNAL
ANTIBODY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 207
M.A. Keller, C. J. Palmer, M. T. Jelonek, C. H. Song, A. Miller,
E. E. Sercarz, G. B. Calandra and J. L. Brust
MATERNAL DETERMINANTS OF NEONATAL IMMUNE
RESPONSE: EFFECT OF ANTI-IDIOTYPE IN THE NEONATE. . . . . . . .. 215
Y. Okamoto
ix
IMMUNOGLOBULIN G SUBCLASSES IN HUMAN COLOSTRUM
AND MILK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 223
P. D. Mehta, C. E. Isaacs and P. K. Coyle
SECRETORY DEFENSES AGAINST GIARDIA LAMBLIA. ............. 227
F. D. Gillin, R W. Cooper, D. S. Reiner and S. Das
SESSION VI: ANTIVIRAL IMMUNITY
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF BREASTFEEDING AND
ACUTE RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES IN INFANTS .................... 235
W. P. Glezen
SEROTYPES OF ROTAVIRUS THAT INFECT INFANTS
SYMPTOMATICALLY AND ASYMPTOMATICALLY ................. 241
L. K. Pickering and M. O'Ryan
IMMUNE RESPONSE TO ROTAV IRUS VACCINES AMONG
BREAST-FED AND NONBREAST-FED CHILDREN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 249
R I. Glass, D. J. lng, B. J. Stoll and R T. Ing
RECENT ADVANCES IN DEVELOPMENT OF A ROTAV IRUS
VACCINE FOR PREVENTION OF SEVERE DIARRHEAL
ILLNESS OF INFANTS AND YOUNG CHIULDREN .................. 255
A. Z. Kapikian, J. Flores, T. Vesikari, T. Ruuska, H. P. Madore,
K. Y. Green, M. Gorziglia, Y. Hoshino, R. M. Chanock,
K. Midthun and I. Perez-Schael
ROTAV IRUS SPECIFIC BREAST MILK ANTmODY IN
TWO POPULATIONS AND POSSmLE CORRELATES
OF PROTECTION .................................................. 265
G. A. Losonsky and H. D. de Rimer
HUMAN MILK AND HIV INFECTION: EPIDERMIOLOGIC
AND LABORATORY DATA ........................................ 271
M. K. Davis
CHARACTERIZATION OF A HUMAN MILK FACTOR THAT
INHIBITS BINDING OF HIV GP120 TO ITS CD4 RECEPTOR. . . . . . . . .. . 281
D. S. Newburg and R H. Yolken
BREAST MILK TRANSMISSION OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
(CMV) INFECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 293
C. Alford
ANTmODY RESPONSES TO CYTOMEGALOVIRUS IN SERUM
AND MILK OF NEWLY DELIVERED MOTHERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 301
P. Juto and S. Holm
x
PROTECTION OF NEONATAL MICE FROM FATAL REOVIRUS
INFECTION BY IMMUNE SERUM AND GUT DERIVED
LYMPHOCYTES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 307
C. F. Cuff, C. K. Cebra, E. Lavi, E. H. Molowitz, D. H. Rubin
and J. J. Cebra
PASSIVE IMMUNE PROTECTION FROM DIARRHEA CAUSED
BY ROTAV IRUS OR E. COLI: AN ANIMAL MODEL TO
DEMONSTRATE AND QUANTITATE EFFICACY .................... 317
C. T. Cordle, J. P. Schaller,T. R. Winship, E. L. Candler,
M. D. Hilty, K. L. Smith, L. J. Saif, E. M. Kohler and S. Krakowka
SESSION VII: ANTIBACTERIAL IMMUNITY
THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN INFANTS AFTER COLONIZATION
OF THE INTESTINE WITH E. COLI 083. ARTIFICIAL
COLONIZATION USED AS A PREVENTION AGAINST
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. .. . . . . ... 329
R. Lodinova-Zadnikova, H. Tlaskalova and Z. Bartakova
ANTIBODIES TO STREPTOCOCCI PNEUMONIAE IN SERA
AND SECRETIONS OF MOTHERS AND THEIR INFANTS. . . . . . . . . .. 337
B. M. Gray, R. B. Polhill, Jr. and D. W. Reynolds
THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF GROUP B STREPTOCOCCAL
ANTIBODIES IN BREAST MILK .................................... 345
L. E. Weisman and F. M. Dobson
IgA PROTEASES OF HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE DIVIDING
IN HUMAN MILK ARE INHIBITED BY IgA1 ANTIBODY IN
THE MILK. ........................................................ 353
A. G. Plaut, J. Qiu, F. J. Grundy and A. Wright
BOVINE LACTOGENIC IMMUNITY AGAINST PEDIATRIC
ENTEROPATHOGENS ............................................. 361
M. Boesman-Finkelstein and R. A. Finkelstein
MILK SECRETORY IgA RELATED TO SHIGELLA VIRULENCE
ANTIGENS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 369
T. G. Cleary, K. Hyani, D. K. Winsor and G. Ruiz-Palacios
CORTISONE STRENGTHENS THE INTESTINAL MUCOSAL
BARRIER IN A RODENT NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS
MODEL ........................................................... 375
E. J. Israel, E. J. Schiffrin, E. A. Carter, E. Frieberg and
W. A. Walker
THE RELEVANCE OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN IN THE
PREVENTION OF NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS. ................. 381
H. M. Wolf and M. M. Eibl
xi
