Table Of ContentOTHER VOLUMES IN THE EXPERT RADIOLOGY SERIES
Abdominal Imaging
Breast Imaging
Cardiovascular Imaging
Gynecologic Imaging
Imaging of the Brain
Imaging of the Chest
Imaging of the Musculoskeletal System
Imaging of the Spine
Obstetric Imaging
IMAGE-GUIDED
INTERVENTIONS
SECOND EDITION
MATTHEW A. MAURO, MD, FACR
The Ernest H. Wood Distinguished Professor of
Radiology and Surgery
Chairman, Department of Radiology
University of North Carolina School of Medicine
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
KIERAN P.J. MURPHY, MB, FRCPC, FSIR
Professor of Radiology
Joint Department of Medical Imaging
University Health Network
Mount Sinai Hospital
Women’s College Hospital
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
KENNETH R. THOMSON, MD, FRANZCR
Professor of Radiology
Monash University Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and
Health Sciences
Director, Radiology Department
Alfred Hospital
Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
ANTHONY C. VENBRUX, MD
Director, Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
George Washington University School of Medicine and
Health Sciences
Washington, DC
ROBERT A. MORGAN, MBChB, MRCP, FRCR, EBIR
Consultant, Vascular and Interventional Radiologist
Radiology Department
St. George’s NHS Trust
London, United Kingdom
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
IMAGE-GUIDED INTERVENTIONS ISBN: 978-1-4557-0596-2
(A Volume in the Expert Radiology Series)
Copyright © 2014, 2008 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Chapter 111: “Arteriography and Arterial Stimulation with Venous Sampling for Localizing Pancreatic
Endocrine Tumors” by Anthony W. Kam, Bradford J. Wood, and Richard Chang is in the Public Domain.
Chapter 151: “Termal Ablation of the Adrenal Gland” by Deepak Sudheendra and Bradford J. Wood is in
the Public Domain.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Image-guided interventions / Matthew A. Mauro … [et al.].—2nd ed.
p. ; cm.—(Expert radiology series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4557-0596-2 (hardcover : alk. paper)
I. Mauro, Matthew A., 1951- II. Series: Expert radiology series.
[DNLM: 1. Radiography, Interventional–methods. 2. Diagnostic Techniques, Surgical. 3. Vascular
Diseases–radiography. 4. Vascular Diseases–therapy. 5. Vascular Surgical Procedures–
methods. WN 200]
616.1′307572–dc23
2012046151
Content Strategist: Helene Caprari
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Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To Pat, my wife, for her unwavering love and support and to our children, Lauren and David,
my most precious accomplishments
Matt Mauro
To Rulan, my wife, Ronan and Anya, the three most interesting people I know in the world, thank
you for allowing me the time and space to work on this book and all my other crazy ideas. To
everyone who has taken the time to teach me, thank you for your patience
Kieran Murphy
To my wife, Barbara
Ken Tomson
To my family; to my patients, who have taught me so much; to my mentors; and to Michael Heinl
Tony Venbrux
To my family and friends for their forbearance, support, and good cheer over the years
Robert Morgan
Contributors
Hani H. Abujudeh, MD, MBA Morvarid Alaghmand, MD
Associate Professor of Radiology Internist
Massachusetts General Hospital Riverside Primary Care Associates
Harvard Medical School District Heights, Maryland
Boston, Massachusetts Alimentary Tract Vasculature
Acute Lower Extremity Ischemia Renal Vasculature
Andreas Adam, PhD, FRCP, FRCS, FRCR Ali Albayati, MBChB
Professor Fellow
Department of Interventional Radiology Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
King’s College George Washington University Medical Center
Consultant Radiologist Washington, DC
St. Tomas’ Hospital Principles of Intraprocedural Analgesics and Sedatives
London, United Kingdom Management of Male Varicocele
Esophageal Intervention in Malignant and Benign
Esophageal Disease Agaicha Alfdja, MD
Faculty of Medicine
Allison S. Aguado, MD University Hospital
Fellow Clermont-Ferrand, France
Department of Radiology Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York Ziyad Al-Otaibi, MD
Embolotherapy for the Management of Liver Malignancies Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
Other Than Hepatocellular Carcinoma George Washington University Medical Canter
Washington, DC
Muneeb Ahmed, MD Treatment of Medical Emergencies
Assistant Professor of Radiology
Section of Interventional Radiology John F. Angle, MD
Harvard Medical School Professor
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging
Boston, Massachusets Director
Image-Guided Thermal Tumor Ablation: Basic Science and Division of Angiography and Interventional Radiology
Combination Therapies University of Virgina Health System
Charlottesville, Virginia
Kamran Ahrar, MD Balloon Catheters
Professor Closure Devices
Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Toracic and Tracheobronchial Interventions
Cardivascular Surgery
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Gary M. Ansel, MD, FACC
Houston, Texas Director, Center for Critical Limb Care
Thermal Ablation of Renal Cell Carcinoma Riverside Methodist Hospital
Columbus, Ohio
Andrew Akman, MD Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine
Assistant Professor of Radiology Medical University of Ohio
Interventional Radiology Toledo, Ohio
George Washington University School of Medicine and Chronic Upper Extremity Ischemia and Revascularization
Health Sciences
Washington, DC
Management of Male Varicocele
vii
viii CONTRIBUTORS
Julien Auriol, MD Carlo Bartolozzi, MD
Praticien Hospitalier Professor
Service de Radiologie Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology
L’Hôpital Rangueil University of Pisa
Universitaire de Toulouse Pisa, Italy
Toulouse, France Energy-Based Ablation of Hepatocellular Cancer
Vascular Intervention in the Liver Transplant Patient
Jason R. Bauer, MD, RVT
Chad Baarson, DO Director of Interventional Oncology
Department of Radiology Interventional and Vascular Consultants, PC
National Capital Consortium Portland, Oregon
Walter Reed National Military Medical Canter Embolization Agents
Bethesda, Maryland
Bipedal Lymphangiography Richard A. Baum, MD, MPA
Director, Interventional Radiology
Juan Carlos Baez, MD Te Herbert L. Abrams Director of Angiography and
Resident Interventional Radiology
Department of Radiology Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Brigham and Woman’s Hospital Associate Professor
Boston, Massachusetts Department of Radiology
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Harvard Medical School
Image-Guided Intervention for Symptomatic Tarlov Cysts Boston, Massachusetts
Scalene Blocks and Their Role in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Thoracic Duct Embolization for Postoperative Chylothorax
Curtis W. Bakal, MD, MPH Kevin W. Bell, MBBS, FRANZCR
Chair, Radiology Clinical Associate Professor of Radiology
Lahey Clinic University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine
Burlington, Massachusetts Director
Professor of Radiology Department of Radiology
Tufts University School of Medicine Western Health
Boston, Massachusetts Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Diagnostic Catheters and Guidewires Vascular Anatomy of the Thorax, Including the Heart
Jörn O. Balzer, MD, PhD Jacqueline A. Bello, MD
Director Professor
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery
Catholic Clinic Mainz Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Mainz, Germany Director of Neuroradiology
Endovascular Laser Therapy Department of Radiology
Montefore Medical Center
Alex M. Barnacle, MRCP, FRCR Bronx, New York
Consultant Interventional Radiologist Management of Head and Neck Tumors
Department of Radiology
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children Jennifer Berkeley, MD, PhD
London, United Kingdom Neurointensivist
Management of High-Flow Vascular Anomalies Department of Neurology
Sinai Hospital of Baltimore
Bradley P. Barnett, MD, PhD Baltimore, Maryland
Research Fellow Cervical Artery Dissection
Department of Radiology
Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Michael A. Bettmann, MD, FACR
Baltimore, Maryland Professor of Radiology Emeritus
Craniocervical Vascular Anatomy Wake Forest University School of Medicine
Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Gamal Baroud, PhD Co-Chair
Professor Task Force on Imaging Decision Support
Department of Mechanical Engineering American College of Radiology
Director, Biomechanics Laboratory Reston, Virginia
Canada Research Chair in Skeletal Reconstruction Contrast Agents
University of Sherbrooke
Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
New Directions in Bone Materials
CONTRIBUTORS ix
José I. Bilbao, MD, PhD Marc Bohner, PhD
Professor of Radiology Material Science Engineer
Universidad de Navarra Dr. Robert Mathys Foundation
Consultant Radiologist Bettlach, Switzerland
Clínica Universitaria de Navarra New Directions in Bone Materials
Pamplona, Spain
Portal-Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis Amman Bolia, MBChB, DMRD, FRCR
Consultant Vascular Radiologist
Deniz Bilecen, MD, PhD Departments of Imaging and Interventions
Chief University Hospital of Leicester NHS Trust
Department of Radiology Leicester, United Kingdom
Kantonsspital Laufen Subintimal Angioplasty
Laufen, Switzerland
Transjugular Liver Biopsy Irene Boos, VMD
Clinical Research
Tiago Bilhim, MD Interventional Radiology
Interventional Radiologist Woerth, Germany
Department of Radiology Intraarterial Ports for Chemotherapy
St. Louis Hospital
Faculty of Medical Sciences Charles F. Botti, Jr., MD, FACC
New University of Lisbon Cardiac and Peripheral Vascular Interventionist
Lisbon, Portugal MidOhio Cardiology and Vascular Consultants
Treatment of High-Flow Priapism and Erectile Dysfunction Riverside Methodist Hospital
Columbus, Ohio
Christoph A. Binkert, MD, MBA Chronic Upper Extremity Ischemia and Revascularization
Chairman of Radiology
Institute of Radiology Nina M. Bowens, MD
Kantonsspital Winterthur General Surgery Resident
Winterthur, Switzerland Department of Surgery
Inferior Vena Cava Filters Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
Caval Filtration Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Thoracic Aortic Stent-Grafting and Management of Traumatic
Haraldur Bjarnason, MD Thoracic Aortic Lesions
Professor of Radiology
Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Louis Boyer, MD, PhD
Mayo Clinic Professor of Radiology
Rochester, Minnesota Faculty of Medicine
Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis ISIT, UMR CNRS 6284 University D’Auvergne
Head, Department of Radiology
James H. Black, III, MD, FACS University Hospital
Bertram M. Bernheim, MD Associate Clermont-Ferrand, France
Professor of Surgery Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland Elena Bozzi, MD
Clinical Vascular Examination Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology
University of Pisa
Brian M. Block, MD, PhD Pisa, Italy
President Energy-Based Ablation of Hepatocellular Cancer
Baltimore Spine Center
Towson, Maryland Peter R. Bream, Jr., MD
Instructor Associate Professor
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences and
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Stellate Ganglion Block Director, PICC Service
Facet Joint Injection Program Director, Interventional and Vascular Radiology
Epidural Steroid Injection Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Scalene Blocks and Their Role in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Nashville, Tennessee
Tunneled Central Venous Catheters
x CONTRIBUTORS
Rachel F. Brem, MD Jozef M. Brozyna, BS
Professor West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine
Department of Radiology Lewisburg, West Virginia
George Washington University School of Medicine and A Brief History of Image-Guided Therapy
Health Sciences
Director Charles T. Burke, MD
Breast Imaging and Interventional Center Associate Professor
Vice Chair of Radiology Department of Radiology
GW Medical Faculty Associates University of North Carolina School of Medicine
Washington, DC Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Minimally Invasive Image-Guided Breast Biopsy and Ablation Management of Failing Hemodialysis Access
Hemodialysis Access: Catheters and Ports
Mark F. Brodie, MD
Interventional Radiologist James P. Burnes, MBBS, FRACR
Department of Radiology Director
Naval Medical Center Body Intervention Unit
San Diego, California Department of Diagnostic Imaging
Fallopian Tube Interventions Monash Medical Centre Moorabbin
Southern Health
Allan L. Brook, MD Clayton, Victoria, Australia
Associate Professor of Clinical Radiology and Neurosurgery Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Aneurysms
Departments of Radiology and Surgery
Albert Einstein College of Medicine Patricia E. Burrows, MD
Bronx, New York Professor of Radiology
Director Medical College of Wisconsin
Interventional Neuroradiology Vascular Interventional Radiology
Department of Radiology Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin
Montefore Medical Center Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Brooklyn, New York Management of Low-Flow Vascular Malformations
Management of Head and Neck Tumors
Justin J. Campbell, MD
Benjamin S. Brooke, MD, PhD Staf Radiologist
Fellow Department of Radiology
Vascular Surgery South Shore Hospital
Department of Surgery Weymouth, Massachusetts
Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Percutaneous Abscess Drainage Within the Abdomen and Pelvis
Lebanon, New Hampshire Renal and Perirenal Fluid Collection Drainage
Clinical Vascular Examination
Colin P. Cantwell, MBBCh, BAO, Msc, MRCS,
Mark Duncan Brooks, MBBS, FRANZCR FRCR, FFR(RCSI)
Consultant Radiologist Consultant Radiologist
Department of Radiology Department of Radiology
Austin Hospital St. Vincent’s University Hospital
Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Dublin, Ireland
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters and Nontunneled Central
Venous Catheters
Daniel B. Brown, MD
Director Thierry Carrères, MD
Interventional Radiology Cardio-vasculaire Radiologie
Department of Radiology Hopital Européen Georges Pompidou
Tomas Jeferson University Paris, France
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Infrapopliteal Revascularization
Management of Biliary Calculi
John A. Carrino, MD, MPH
Karen T. Brown, MD, FSIR Associate Professor of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery
Interventional Radiologist Section Chief, Musculoskeletal Radiology
Department of Medical Imaging Te Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Radiological Science
Professor of Clinical Radiology Johns Hopkins University
Department of Radiology School of Medicine
Weill Cornell Medical College Baltimore, Maryland
New York, New York Image-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy of Musculoskeletal Lesions
Bland Embolization for Hepatic Malignancies
CONTRIBUTORS xi
Lucie Cassagnes, MD Rush H. Chewning, MD
Department of Radiology Chief Resident
University Hospital Department of Radiology
Clemont-Ferrand, France University of Washington School of Medicine
Acute Mesenteric Ischemia Seattle, Washington
Endovascular Management of Epistaxis
Pascal Chabrot, MD, PhD Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Faculty of Medicine
ISIT, UMR CNRS 6284 University D’Auvergne Albert K. Chun, MD
Department of Radiology Assistant Professor of Radiology and Surgery
University Hospital Division of Angiography and Interventional Radiology
Clermont-Ferrand, France George Washington University School of Medicine and
Acute Mesenteric Ischemia Health Sciences
Washington, DC
Suma K. Chandra, MD Principles of Arterial Access
George Washington University Medical Center
Washington, DC Joo-Young Chun, MMBS, BSc, MSc, MRCS, FBCR
A Brief History of Image-Guided Therapy Interventional Radiology Fellow
Department of Radiology
Richard Chang, MD St. George’s Hospital
Chief, Endocrine and Venous Services Section London, United Kingdom
Senior Clinician Aortic Endografting
Section of Interventional Radiology
National Institutes of Health Timothy W.I. Clark, MD, MSc, FRCP(C), FSIR
Bethesda, Maryland Associate Professor of Clinical Radiology
Arteriography and Arterial Stimulation with Venous Sampling Department of Radiology
for Localizing Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Rishabh Chaudhari, BA Acute Upper Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
Medical Student Management of Fluid Collections in Acute Pancreatitis
George Washington University School of Medicine and Chemical and Thermal Ablation of Desmoid Tumors
Health Sciences
Washington, DC Wendy A. Cohen, MD
Renal Vasculature Professor of Radiology
University of Washington School of Medicine
Lakhmir S. Chawla, MD Chief of Service
Associate Professor Department of Radiology
Department of Medicine Harborview Medical Center
George Washington University Medical Center Seattle, Washington
Washington, DC Use of Skull Views in Visualization of Cerebral Vascular Anatomy
Treatment of Medical Emergencies
Bairbre Connolly, MB, FRCP(C)
Hank K. Chen, MD Pediatric Interventional Radiologist
Section of Interventional Radiology Department of Diagnostic Imaging
Department of Radiology Hospital for Sick Children
George Washington University Medical Center Associate Professor
Washington, DC Medical Imaging Department
A Brief History of Image-Guided Therapy Earl Glenwood Coulson Chair
University of Toronto
Yung-Hsin Chen, MD Faculty of Medicine
Assistant Clinical Professor of Radiology Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Tufts University School of Medicine Pediatric Gastrostomy and Gastrojejunostomy
Boston, Massachusetts
Image-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy of Musculoskeletal Lesions Alison Corr, MBBCh, BSc
Faculty of Radiologists
Royal College of Surgeons
Dublin, Ireland
Percutaneous Biopsy of the Lung, Mediastinum, and Pleura
xii CONTRIBUTORS
Anne M. Covey, MD, FSIR Robert S.M. Davies, MBChB, MRCS,
Associate Professor of Radiology MMed, FRCS (England)
Department of Diagnostic Radiology Senior Clinical Fellow
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center British Society of Endovascular Terapy
New York, New York Leicester, United Kingdom
Management of Malignant Biliary Tract Obstruction Subintimal Angioplasty
Laura Crocetti, MD, PhD Thierry de Baère, MD
Assistant Professor of Radiology Chief
Department of Oncology, Transplants, and Advanced Department of Interventional Radiology
Technologies in Medicine Institut Gustave Roussy
University of Pisa Faculty of Medicine Villejuif, France
Pisa, Italy Portal Vein Embolization
Energy-Based Ablation of Hepatocellular Cancer Intraarterial Ports for Chemotherapy
Charles D. Crum, MD L. Mark Dean, MD
Neuroradiology Fellow Interventional Radiologist
Department of Radiology Riverside Methodist Hospital
St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center Columbus, Ohio
Phoenix, Arizona Selective Nerve Root Block
Cryoablation of Liver Tumors
Sudhen B. Desai, MD
T. Andrew Currier, BSEE, LLB, P ENG Interventional Radiologist
Barrister and Solicitor Methodist Sugar Land Hospital
Perry and Currier Houston, Texas
Patent and Trademark Agents Percutaneous Biopsy
Toronto, Ontario, Canada Treatment of Effusions and Abscesses
Intellectual Property Management
Massimiliano di Primio, MD
Ferenc Czeyda-Pommersheim, MD Division of Interventional Radiology
Resident in Radiology Hopital Européen Georges Pompidou
Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Paris, France
Washington University Infrapopliteal Revascularization
Saint Louis, Missouri
Uterine Fibroid Embolization Robert G. Dixon, MD
Associate Professor
Michael D. Dake, MD Department of Radiology
Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery University of North Carolina School of Medicine
Stanford University School of Medicine Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Director Subcutaneous Ports
Catheterization Angiography Laboratory
Stanford University Medical Center Pablo D. Domínguez, MD
Stanford, California Department of Radiology
Balloon Catheters Clínica Universitaria de Navarra
Endovascular Treatment of Dissection of the Aorta Pamplona, Spain
and Its Branches Portal-Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis
Michael D. Darcy, MD Robert F. Dondelinger, MD, Hon FRCR
Professor of Radiology Professor and Chair
Washington University St. Louis Department of Medical Imaging
Chief of Intereventional Radiology University of Liège Faculty of Medicine
Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Liège, Belgium
Saint Louis, Missouri Management of Trauma to the Liver and Spleen
Management of Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding Splenic Embolization in Nontraumatized Patients
Ambulatory Phlebectomy Superior Vena Cava Occlusive Disease
Sean R. Dariushnia, MD
Assistant Professor of Radiology
Division of Interventional Radiology and
Image-Guided Medicine
Emory School of Medicine
Atlanta, Georgia
Management of Extremity Vascular Trauma
