IgE Receptor (FcεRI) Function in Mast Cells and Basophils

298 Pages·1997·11.062 MB·English

by  Majed M. Hamawy Ph.D. (auth.)

MoLECULAR
BIOLOGY
INTELLIGENCE
UNIT
IGE
REcEPTOR (FctRI)
FUNCTION IN MAST
CELLS AND BASOPHILS
Majed M. Hamawy, Ph.D.
National Institute of Dental Research
National lnstitutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INTELLIGENCE UNIT
IGE RECEPTOR (FcERI) FUNCTION IN MAST CELLS AND BASOPHILS
International Copyright © 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 1997
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' Springer
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ISBN 978-3-662-22024-5
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Hamawy, Majed M., 1958-
IGE receptor (FceRI) function in mast cells and basophils 1 Majed M. Hamawy
p. cm. -(Molecular biology intelligence unit)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-3-662-22024-5 ISBN 978-3-662-22022-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-22022-1
1. lmmunoglobulin E-Receptors. 2. Fc receptors. 1. Title. II. Series.
QR 186.8.E2H36 1996
616.07'95-dc20
96-22040
CIP
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DEDICATION
To my mother Nawal.
rr=====CONTENTS ========;-1
1. FaRI: Perspective ....................................................................... 1
Henry Metzger
2. The Structural Basis of the lnteraction oflgE and FaRI ............ 7
Lin Rigby, Mark D. Hulett, Ross l Brinkworth
and P. Mark Hogarth
lntroduction ......................................................................................... 7
Structure of Fc~::RI and IgE .................................................................... 8
Topology ofFcrRI and IgE Complexes on the Cell Surface ................ 12
Molecular Basis for FcrRI:IgE lnteractions .......................................... 14
Concluding Remarks .......................................................................... 24
3. FaRI-Induced Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation .................... 33
Mare Benhamou
lntroduction ....................................................................................... 33
The FceRI Signaling Unit ................................................................... 34
Mechanisms of FcERI-lnduced Tyrosine Phosphorylation .................. 34
Connecting Tyrosine Phosphorylation with Other
Signaling Mechanisms ..................................................................... 41
Regulation of Late Events: Cytoskeleton Reorganization ..................... 46
PTKs and Fc~::RI Signaling in Humans ................................................ 46
Concluding Remarks .......................................................................... 47
4. Ro le of Phospholipases, Protein Kinases and Calcium
in FaRI-Induced Secretion ....................................................... 55
Michael A. Beaven and Tatiana Kassessinoff
lntroduction ....................................................................................... 55
Procedures for Stimulation ofRBL-2H3 Cells .................................... 56
Mechanisms of Activation of Phospholipases via FceRI
and Other Receptors ........................................................................ 57
Mobilization of Calcium and Activation
of Serine/Threonine Kinases ............................................................ 59
Potential Targets for Calcium and PKC That May Mediate
FceRI-Induced Secretion .................................................................. 62
Coordination of Signaling Events for Secretion
and Other Functional Responses ..................................................... 63
Concluding Remarks .......................................................................... 66
5. Role of GTP-Binding Proteins in FaRI Signaling ................... 75
Anna Koffer
lntroduction ....................................................................................... 75
Inhibitors and Activators of GTP-Binding Proteins ............................ 76
Ras Signaling Pathway ........................................................................ 79
GTP-Binding Proteins lnvolved in the Secretory Response
of Mast Cells .................................................................................... 86
Concluding Remarks .......................................................................... 95
6. Phosphorylation of Serines and Threonines in FceRI-Mediated
Responses in Mast Cells .......................................................... 107
juan Rivera
lntroduction ..................................................................................... 107
Activation of Serine and Threonine Kinases ...................................... 108
Sequence Motifs in Fo:RI Phosphorylation ....................................... 110
Phosphorylation of the FcERI by Serine/Threonine Kinases .............. 112
Ro le of Serine/Threonine Kinases in Other Mast Cell Events ........... 116
T argets of Serine/Threonine Kinase Activity ..................................... 118
Regulation of Serine/Threonine Kinase Activity ................................ 120
Concluding Remarks ........................................................................ 121
7. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Signaling
Through the FceRI on Mast Cells and Basophils .................... 127
Mark Swieter
lntroduction ..................................................................................... 127
FcERI-Associated PTP ....................................................................... 128
CD45 ............................................................................................... 128
HePTP ............................................................................................. 132
Other PTP ........................................................................................ 133
Concluding Remarks ........................................................................ 133
8. Regulation and Roles of the Membrane, Cytoskeletal and
Adhesive Responses ofRBL-2H3 Rat Tumor Mast Cells
to Fc~::RI Crosslinking ............................................................. 139
janet M Oliver, janet R. Pfeiffer and Bridget S. Wilson
lntroduction ..................................................................................... 139
The Membrane, Cytoskeletal and Adhesive Responses
of RBL-2H3 Cells to FctRI Crosslinking ....................................... 140
The Biochemical Basis of the FcERI-Mediated Cytoskeletal,
Membrane and Adhesive Responses ............................................... 149
Consequences ofFcERI Induced Membrane, Cytoskeletal
and Adhesive Responses in Basophils and Mast Cells ..................... 157
Concluding Remarks ........................................................................ 166
9. Fc~::RI-Mediated Cell Degranulation,
Proliferation and Adhesion ..................................................... 173
Majed M Hamawy and William D. Swaim
Introduction ..................................................................................... 173
Preformed Media tors Released by FcERI Aggregation ........................ 173
FcERI-Induced Cell Growth and Proliferation .................................. 175
FcERI-Mediated Cell Adhesion and Chemotaxis ............................... 176
Concluding Remarks ........................................................................ 177
10. Signal Transduction Pathways Regulating Arachidonic Acid
Metabolite Generation Following FaoRI Aggregation ............. 181
Alasdair M Gilfillan
Introduction ..................................................................................... 181
Secretion of Bioactive Arachidonic Acid Metabolites ......................... 183
Phospholipids as a Source ofPro-Inflammatory Mediators ................ 183
Mechanisms of Arachidonic Acid Liberation from Phospholipids ..... 185
5-Lipoxygenase ................................................................................. 192
Cyclooxygenase ................................................................................. 193
Signal Transduction Pathways Linking FceRI Aggregation
to Arachidonic Acid Metabolite Release ......................................... 194
Concluding Remarks ........................................................................ 197
11. FaoRI-Induced Cytokine Production and Gene Expression .... 209
john R. Gordon
Introduction ..................................................................................... 209
The Natural History ofMast Cells and Basophils ............................. 210
Cytokine Production by FceRI-Positive Cells .................................... 212
Molecular Regulation of Cytokine Secretion in Mast Cells ............... 221
Mast Cell Cytokine Expression In Vivo ............................................ 226
Potential Roles of Cytokines Produced by FceRI-Positive Cells ......... 231
12. Regulation of FaoRI Function by lntegrins
and Other Molecules on Mast Cells and Basophils ................. 243
Majed M. Hamawy
Introduction ..................................................................................... 243
Integrins ............................................................................................ 243
Gangliosides ...................................................................................... 250
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase CD45 ................................................ 253
Cytokine Receptors ........................................................................... 254
Low Affinity IgG Receptor (FcyRII) .................................................. 256
Concluding Remarks ........................................................................ 257
13. Signal Transduction lssues in Studies
of Human Basophils and Mast Cells ....................................... 265
Donald MacGlashan, ]r.
Introduction ..................................................................................... 265
FceRI Aggregation in Basophils and Mast Cells ................................. 267
Known Signal Transduction Events in Human Cells ........................ 268
Early Signal T ransduction Events ...................................................... 280
Index .............................................................................................. 287
EDITOR
r;::::::====== ========il
Majed M. Hamawy, Ph.D.
Laboratory of Immunology
National Institute of Dental Research
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Chapter 9, 12
~====CONTRIBUTORS=====I
Michael A. Beaven, Ph.D. John R. Gordon, Ph.D.
Laboratory of Molecular lmmunology Department ofVeterinary Microbiology
National Heart, Lung, and Blood University of Saskatchewan
Institute Saskatoon, Canada
National lnstitutes ofHealth Chapter 11
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Chapter 4 P. Mark Hogarth, Ph.D.
The Austin Research Institute
Mare Benhamou, Ph.D. The Austin and Repatriation Medical
Laboratoire d'lmmunologie Centre
91 Bd de l'Hopital Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
Paris, France Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Mark D. Hulett, Ph.D.
Ross 1. Brinkworth, Ph.D. The Austin Research Institute
The Centre for Drug Design and The Austin and Repatriation Medical
Development Centre
The U niversity of Queensland Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Chapter 2
Chapter 2
Tatiana Kassessinoff, Ph.D.
Alasdair M. Gilfillan, Ph.O. Laboratory of Molecular lmmunology
Department of lnflammation and National Heart, Lung, and Blood
Autoimmune Diseases Institute
Hoffmann La Roche, lnc. National lnstitutes ofHealth
Nutley, New Jersey, U.S.A. Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Chapter 10 Chapter 4
Anna Koffer, Ph.D. A.J. (Lin) Rigby, B.Sc.
Physiology Department The Austin Research Institute
University College London The Austin and Repatriation Medical
London, U nited Kingdom Centre
Chapter 5 Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
Chapter 2
Donald MacGlashan, Jr., M.D., Ph.D.
John Hopkins Asthrna and Allergy Juan Rivera, Ph.D.
Center Section on Chernical lrnrnunology
Baltirnore, Maryland, U.S.A. Arthritis and Rheurnatisrn Branch
Chapter 13 National Institute of Arthritis and
Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
Henry Metzger, M.D. National lnstitutes ofHealth
Section on Chernical lrnrnunology, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Arthritis and Rheurnatisrn Branch Chapter6
National Institute of Arthritis and
Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases William D. Swairn, Ph.D.
National lnstitutes ofHealth National Institute of Dental Research
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A. National lnstitutes ofHealth
Chapter 1 Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Chapter 9
Janet Oliver, Ph.D.
Departrnent ofPathology and Cancer Mark Swieter, Ph.D.
Research and T reatrnent Center Laboratory of lrnrn unology
Division of Cell Pathology National Institute ofDental Research
University of New Mexico Health National lnstitutes of Health
Sciences Center Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.A. Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Bridget S. Wilson, Ph.D.
Janet R. Pfeiffer, Ph.D. Departrnent of Pathology and Cancer
Departrnent of Pathology and Cancer Research and Treatrnent Center
Research and Treatrnent Center Division of Cell Pathology
Division of Cell Pathology University of New Mexico Health
University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center
Sciences Center Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.A.
Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.A. Chapter 8
Chapter 8