I migliori di Atene. La vita dei potenti nella Grecia antica

235 Pages·2012·2.969 MB·Italian

by  Pauline Schmitt Pantel

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Im igldiiAo trie ne
La vitad epio tennetlliGa r ecanitai ca
TraduzdiioG naeb rieVlelrnao leedE nzDoe B enedictis
Titodleo ll'ediozriiognien ale
Ho mmeisl lustres.
M11u1respt o litàiA qtuheè anueV s' siècle
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ISBN9 78-88-420-9363-3
Èv ietaltara i produziaonnceh,pe a rziale,
conq ualsimaseiz zeoff ettuata,
comprelsafa o tocopainac,h e
adu soi nteron doi dattico.
Perl al eggiet alilaafn oat ocopèil ae cita
solpoe ru sop ersonpaulrec hé
nodann neggli' auQtuoirnedo.ig ni
fotocopcihaee vilr'ia cquisto
diu nl ibrèoi lleceim tian accia
las opravvivedniuz nam odo
dit rasmetltaec roen oscenza.
Chif otocopuinal ibrcoh,im ette
ad isposiziim oenzezp ie rf otocopiare,
chic omunqufea voriqsucees tpar atica
commettuenfu rtoe opera
aid anndie llcau ltura.
inr icodriMd aod elee aiPnn te!

INTRODUZIONE
n primion gredsis oA lcnieblilaad ev itaavv epnundbeib,­l ica
concoo,nu ndao nazdiiod naen aarlil 'eerf aur giueons etsot em­
poranceuoi, a nvoenpv ean sianpt roe cedPeanszvsaaua. ng iorno
pelrpa i adzezmlae rcato,v iqduuenag nrduopd pico i ttcahdseii n i
agitaCvhaineoilsm. eo tidveol subgblruiig slpioocs;he uern to a le
staevffaet tuanudnod onativo Adlil osdriaa n aprriep.su ernet ò
lueif ece altLrage etntstaceno tpoip.nui nò appel agiurnsi odd ia
piactearnet,o A lcchiebs isiac doerd deòlq luaa gclhipeao ,r tava nel
manteeldel socs,oa un n f rudl'llavoio lvòi a.A tGelnipi reessiae ro
gridaanrceop riafùo r,t emolti siinp iaepldezicra o rlolnaob orare
allcaa ccLiaar .i preeg slei reelsat ili ntoucìc hAinetrioo cchoe,
peqru esptrao dedz'zaali lnpo ordiai velnapn eer spoincùaa raad
Alcaideb1i•
CosPìl utadrecsoc lrii'nvger edesglsi oo vAalncei biade
nelvliapt oal iattiecnadi eelsle' tuelrtdzieoml so e Vc aol.oC .
e siu porii pmaisn selil' agAolrcài.bn ioaènad nec ournca a po
poliètl iapc roi:vm oal tac ocmhpeas ruels lcae pnuab blica,
eq uesptroi cmoon tcaotints ou ocio ncitatpapdacironemi e
unp resdaegriia op pfoturutcrihi ae v rcàol no rQou.e srtaoc ­
conitnot reicncfniaeatl tmliaa n ipeireùas plsiecdiutzai one
poliets iecdau zeiroonteLi 'cuac2c•ce hlAell oc ibiade porta
avvolmtoat nenleèilll c o l asdsoinccooh ie nG recli'aa mante
(earstfeaal) s uaom at(oe reonmeL)aq3 u.a gèld iuan qilu e
contradsesleslgeand ou zioilng ei ocvAhalenc ei beisaedrec i­
tsau guloim icnhie sgtlaini nnot oMrann oe.el kllk'e ,sli a'as ­
sembdleeplao poaltoe niicelo snet,èe p sotloi stailceon:d o
altlrai beugnslaei,d uilpc oep oclooln ap r omedsids oan are,
VIII Introduzione
attingeanipd roo pbrein iu,n as ommai na rgen(tsoti r atta
diu nae pido)sc,ih ses ervailrlàse p espeu bbliicnhq eu:e sto
modoc ompiuen g esttoi pidceog uloim inpio litdieclsi u o
tempoS.e duzieornoet eis cead uzipoonlei tviecnag ocnoos ì
accostfarltaoe r soi,pa e rit ermiinmip ieg(aiptlii a c-erhee­
don-èi nq uesltuoo gèoq ueldleopl o polaol l'annduenlc io
contridbiuA tloc ibiasdipeae) ri, cl omportammeenstsoio n
attdoa cii ttaadtiennii Eesssii., isniaf laztatinino, piedi per
afferlraaq ruea gledi aar aldaA lcibicaodmees, e t entassero
cosdìip rendeirlpe o stdoe lelar's ptree sisgloi ovaenrmeo e ­
nep ostaom bìtdoat utetc ih e intfionceca adA ntioLcao .
-
similiturdiinseus lottat olidnaeplaa traa lletlriiads umego e sti
seduttiildv oin:od elrliec chevzizeenc eon traccacmobni ato
unc apdoi s elvaggina.
Ilr appoormtooe rottirccaio t tavdiiencnioe s aìc ollocarsi
sulsltoe spsioa ndoe lvliatp ao litciocmaes, ea gloic chdie gli
Atenitersiadi u et ipdiir apponrotnov if osdsief ferneén za
din aturnaéd, ' importLaans zfae.pr uab bldiecllasa e duzio­
nep olitviiceant er attaaltlsaot esmsood od ellsaf eprrai vata
delslead uziaomnoer osa.
È
quesitlgo e nedried ocumecnutsiii r ivollogs et orico
contemporcahnese ioda e siderdoics oon oscee driec om­
prendlearve i tpao litnieclal 'AdteeVln see coal.oC n.e:rl a c­
contdoe gsltio rgirceigc lisi t idlivi i tpar ivadteaic i ttadini
sonpor ofondammeenstceo laaltlaiez iocnhiee sscio mpiono
nelllao rvoi tpau bbliSccao.pd oiq uesmtioos aggèip or oprio
queldliao n alizlzeda irvee rssfea ccetdtealite ugraeim nit er­
corretnrtcaio stuemp io litiinAc tae ne.
Ricerpcrheec eddeanm teic ondostutlepl rea ticcohllee t­
tivleed, i fferednisz ees sedo i g enerlear, e ligpioolniet eista
mih annion dotutnop assdoo pol 'alatp roor mdio mande
sucio ntoers nuili i mdietlisl fae proal itnieclcali et gtràe che4•
Benchgéls it uidnip ropossiist ioa mnool tiplniecgualltiti i mi
trent'naonnnè vi i,e tpaetnos acrheef ornsoen s ièd ettaon ­
cortau tstuol mlual tiforme confidgesuli rsatzepimooaln iet i­
cog rec(oo grniic ercnaeth oaur neat utstuaa N)i.c oLloer aux
Introduzione IX
has uggerdii«t coi -politliacc iitztzcàah»rec:e o nsinsetlel,a
suao ttinceaml,e tteirlpeo litei ccioo n flicthteei s ssou scita
alc entdreoll 'ansatloirsiilc oap 5e.n scoh es ip ossuag ual­
ment«ec i-politliacc iitztdzàaa»nr deao lp olitdiicmoe nsioni
diverdsaqe u elaltet ribuaibtietgulail mneenclta em pdoe gli
stucdlia ssici.
Lap iùr ecenrtiec esrtcoar siuclal a'rectaài ca (gVrIeIcIa­
fineV Is ecolhoa6c )on sendtiip toor rneu ovdeo mande, eli­
minandloeb arricehrese e paraviav naora im bidteil vliat a
cittadIinmn oad.o c oncomiteap natrea lnluemleor orsiec er­
cheh annnoo tacthoel an oziodneepl o litqiucaovl,ee n itveac ­
rizzdaatA ar istoetl eadl eefi,n izdieolnilese t itupzoilointii che
elabornaeItlVa s ecomlaols ia pplicaavq aunaon stios apeva
sugsltiid livi i tnae llcei tdteàl l'eaproccaai Hcaan7n•so o ttoli­
neationp, a rticoqluaarneet,roi a m portapnetlre' ,a ccaelslsao
cittadilnapa anrztae,c ipaan zuimoenreop srea ticcohllee ttive.
Sonot utsttiu dpie,r òc,h er imangcoonnofi naaltli' eapro­ca
caicqau,a scih es oluon ac itatnàc oirnag estazinoonnae n,­
corcao mpiuptoat,e slsaes cisapraeza ilol 'affidoifr oarrmee
diverse delplo'liidtIeionmc tiai .tc àh iiendvoes ceèe p ossibile
darneu ovdei mensiaolpn oil itliacvoo rasnudlol 'celtaàss ica
(lGar ecdieasi e coVl-iI Ve)t,pà e rl aq ualdeas emp-reper
glsip eciadleillsnato is tgrean erazaip oanret diarslea ggdiio
PierLréev éqeuP ei erVried al-NaCqluteihts,èl n'teAh éenni8
viguen p aradidgemplao litico idnbe afisnaeil tlpoer oprie
-
istituazsisoenmib,tl reieb,u nmaalgii,s tractounrsei,g li9•
Questrai cerpcrae ndiene sameq,u indli',i nsideemie
comportamee dnetliul sea naztet ribau uintaci a tegodrii a
persognleui:o micnhie d etenevuanpn oot e(raec rhnèe)l l'A­
tendee Vl secoMleon.t rleas torpioal itdieclGalr ae cainat i­
cac omel as ir icostrougigcsioc nes idneerlafl,oe n atnit iche
relataiilv eea dseorl,ao l cudneel lloer aot ti-viidt iàs corsi
all'asselmagb elsetai,do enlegl uae rlreap, r opodsitl ee ggie ,
conflictotngi l ail tlreia dpeerrl 'eserdceiplzo itoe rieo-m i
propondgiso t udiial roerc oo stunmeil,sl toe sssiog nificato
chei Sle tteceeV notlot adiireed earq ou esptaar oclhaep, o èi
x Introonduez i
precisqaumeedlnelttloee inrmeg reecpiot eeudmtaa01i:m odi
inc ucisi ci o mposrnita as,sc cier ,e sscaieb ,is tpiar ,e cgsia i,
vesstmiea ,n gciisa si,p ossmiau ,o rIen.f natotcnio ndivido
lad istinapz riiosonereci o cnudaiol cuantet idviqi uteàs ti
uomidnigi o vearnpop arteanlgloan poso fleierta ail ctar e
noq;u inadnici hl eo rcoo stsuamria dnamn eoi ndangealtlia
prospedtiut niav asd teo'lorp liia't .i co
Ic ostruemnid poindùoe ttaegi lnisaipteiomcù eo mplicato
ilr itrcahdite qt uoe rsatpip resdeenlgtlraean fntamdiii g laitee ­
niesspiiu t òr acsceigaureen ildp oenrecb oirosgor Caofimceo .
altremtatnaindetiere se s eir ec,o sctoulmlioil cp aenros onag­
giot ael vaonlctilha se u eont ourianag meb iavt oil atv ao lta
dieffrednetlcilu ala t1gu1rr eecs ari,e nndeec esqsuairnidoi uno
stuedsiaou scthliepiv r oe nidnca o nsidetruatzGtiiidoà.an e
qualtcehmesp èion otcaotmoie c ostiunqm uia,n dtiop endo­
nod almleas isnsa c ednalal',aa rp presenntesaliz ginoinfiec'a to
origidnetaler rimoci onnet,r ibumiestctaoep nruoen qtauo e l­
la« distinczheieso pnreai»l m iev ello lsadi ommbionlainczoa
soc1i2Mal•eaq uesantaasl oicsiio logami icgoai uddeeivsze­i o
sepreer sesguuli ttade erlrle'npaoon lailittseiinc eacn,od not o
delslpae ciifintc aialtmeàb idteolc lietg tràe cqhuee:sé tlei tes
doinmanstoinin ofa tltesi t ecshsgeeo veron.a n
Lam aggiodreagnslztiao rciocnit empcoornasnieldiae ra
descridzeciioo snteuu nmd ii scaonresdod oemt oircaol isti­
coi,n ognpir idcvilao es goa cmolinta r admearl a ccopnot­o
litIincq ou.e sstaog gvioora rdeio tutnaa'rletp rrao spettiva,
ec hiedseeer smiius nrt aep potrrctaoo s trudzeailfi olgnuer a
ed e'lalzipoonlei dteipice ar soneda egsgcir idzeliioo rnoe
costuImnci a.s or idsip aofesfrtmaa tcievrac,hd eicr oòm ­
prendceormeea rstii colalndeoi vferfraas cdleciqo e ur eos to
discfionraosc or eqaureecl hlieanm aniperroaw iscohriiaa­
merlò'e intdiptoiàlt idcia p uenr sonLaag gmviiuoao.e i s sere
unrai cecrhfceroa s pee rmedtitd earruàenc ontraiu bnuat o
riflesgseinoensreuam llo ed coh ieG reacvie vdaipn eon sare
la poIlnit atolireci az.z soin tceo llolciab rqou.e sto
Introonduez i XI
I leadeart epnodilicei ustciiiio c cic upesroenAmoro i sti­
deT,e mistCoicmloeFn,ee r,i Ndiec,eiA al cibIinasdiee.m e,
quesseteiis auriils csVoe ncoou lnso e,c aolql uoa flaen dnao
cornidi ucceeo nflpirtitnic ligepu aelrpire:er sitarGnare e,c i
eP ersaipapnuine lt gaou ,e rrPae ldoepelos nionnc, u lie città
grecshiae fr fontanloo rptoerq rau atsrniet n'nair,ag ugpr­
pandionds uise c hieroapmpeonlst'tiuia nfi, oa ndciAo t ene,
ll'tadrioS parStoanl.oe adcehprer endpoarntoie np rima
persaocin oam batteil mgaeu netrèipr ,aa r itmep ortdaenlt­e
llao rvoi tOac.c oirnroel tternpeer re sierlne tgeip moel itico
dell'Adtieq nueet le mpèo :d afilnledae V lI s ecoclhloea
democrvaisvz iii eapn reo gressiinvsatmaelnnpl taoent deor.e
deplo po(ledom ossei)s ercita daiull na''sisnetmecbrhlneeo a
riuntiusticct eii t tead deicnisidut e u tgltaiif fdaerlcili atd tià ;
unc onsiglio, cphpierù e prlaielrs eatg drgeeitit;r t iob,u nali,
pepra rtecaiiqp uaabrlaeis etsas ceirtet aatdeinniei esdii ;
numermoasgei st(redaltqluuera fela in pnaor te ccihtet adini
inq uesmtoodd oe tengondoep loq tueoestreeec ou)Tt.ri av le
carattedriqi usetsitcah ed emocrazia ricordiamo la rotazione
delclaer idcish oel,ai ntnou iadllu ip,ls iicset( eosmrat eog gio
elezicousnirie i )c oar rsee,cd oenlldo art oi ppoed,re signar­
neit itoeli anrfiiinc,leo ntrcohllleao' s semebsleerasc uiit a
responpsoalbitiltaiin actmlioo mendteolln 'gireisncs aor ica,
quanatlmo o mendtiuo s ciDr'nlaeto.c r anto sqiusetsetmoa
istituszuiboidnseacltlelre ea sfornmealz icoonsries coo ldoe,l
e vao lstoenp or opgrliuioo mipnoil iptriecsiei s aiimnne
quesrtiac eardec sas eipr rnoem otori.
Los cennaerqliu oal lleeo rvoi tien sseir ièqs uceodllnioo
uncai t(otplài dsi )g rdainmdein -ssieco onnisidiencr oant­a
frnotcoo nm eldadi eal lec iatgltrthàere c-e,c hceo mprende
nellsot etsesmopu ont erritcoorlituoin vcaaoi ,te nt uàm e­
rosi viingl rlaapnga graitf,aef c cisaumtlai r Ielp. a esaggio
agracroinosi incs atmedp o'ir zdoi g er ainnou ,li evv eitgin e.
Quanaltloca i tetsàsè,aa s serriangtloiarallnt'coarA opoli,
ing rapnar tienr ovidnoapl on' viasipoenres diuarnaaln et e
guerormeo niemg ele,id ipfioclii stviie cnig oenleov ainnd o