Hydrological Modelling and the Water Cycle: Coupling the Atmospheric and Hydrological Models

294 Pages·2008·103.572 MB·English

by  Hamid Moradkhani, Soroosh Sorooshian (auth.), Soroosh Sorooshian, Kuo-Lin Hsu, Erika Coppola, Barbara Tomassetti, Marco Verdecchia, Guido Visconti (eds.)

HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING
AND THE WATER CYCLE
Water Science and Technology Library
VOLUME63
Editor-in-Chief
V.P.Singh,TexasA&MUniversity,CollegeStation,U.S.A.
EditorialAdvisoryBoard
M.Anderson,Bristol,U.K.
L.Bengtsson,Lund,Sweden
J.F.Cruise,Huntsville,U.S.A.
U.C.Kothyari,Roorkee,India
S.E.Serrano,Philadelphia,U.S.A.
D.Stephenson,Johannesburg,SouthAfrica
W.G.Strupczewski,Warsaw,Poland
Forothertitlespublishedinthisseries,goto
www.springer.com/series/6689
· ·
Soroosh Sorooshian Kuo-Lin Hsu
· ·
Erika Coppola Barbara Tomassetti
·
Marco Verdecchia Guido Visconti
Editors
Hydrological Modelling
and the Water Cycle
Coupling the Atmospheric
and Hydrological Models
123
Editors
SorooshSorooshian Kuo-LinHsu
E/4130EngineeringGateway E/4130EngineeringGateway
MailCode2175 MailCode2175
IrvineCA92697 IrvineCA92697
CivilEngineeringDept,UCI UniversityofCalifornia
USA USA
[email protected] [email protected]
ErikaCoppola BarbaraTomassetti
ViaVetoio ViaVetoio
67010L’Aquila 67010L’Aquila
CETEMPS CETEMPS
UniversityofL’Aquila UniversityofL’Aquila
Italy Italy
[email protected] [email protected]
MarcoVerdecchia GuidoVisconti
ViaVetoio UniversitaL’Aquila
67010L’Aquila Dipto.FisicaINFNUnit
CETEMPS ViaVetoio,10
UniversityofL’Aquila 67010L’Aquila
Italy Italy
[email protected] [email protected]
ISBN:978-3-540-77842-4 e-ISBN:978-3-540-77843-1
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2008922365
(cid:2)c SpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V.2008,Correctedprinting2009
Nopartofthisworkmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted
inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,microfilming,recording
orotherwise,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthePublisher,withtheexception
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andexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework.
Printedonacid-freepaper
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Contents
Preface............................................................ vii
Contributors....................................................... ix
GeneralReviewofRainfall-RunoffModeling:ModelCalibration,Data
Assimilation,andUncertaintyAnalysis ............................... 1
HamidMoradkhaniandSorooshSorooshian
Part1 MeasurementofHydrologicVariables
Satellite-BasedPrecipitationMeasurementUsingPERSIANNSystem.... 27
Kuo-LinHsuandSorooshSorooshian
Satellite Clouds and Precipitation Observations
forMeteorologyandClimate ........................................ 49
VincenzoLevizzani
AdvancedTechniquesforPolarimetricRadarEstimationofRainfall..... 69
GianfrancoVulpianiandFrankS.Marzano
MeasurementsofHydrologicalVariablesfromSatellite:Application
toMediterraneanRegions........................................... 93
FrancescaSini,GiorgioBoniandDaraEntekhabi
Part2 DataMergingandDowscaling
Geostatistical Tools for Validation of Satellite and NWP Model
RainfallEstimates..................................................117
DavidI.F.Grimes
v
vi Contents
AnEnsembleApproachtoUncertaintyEstimationforSatellite-Based
RainfallEstimates..................................................145
DavidI.F.Grimes
Part3 HydrologicModelling:ShortandLong-TimeScale
CetempsHydrologicalModel(CHyM),aDistributedGrid-BasedModel
AssimilatingDifferentRainfallDataSources ..........................165
MarcoVerdecchia,ErikaCoppola,BarbaraTomassettiandGuidoVisconti
Rainfall Thresholds for Flood Warning Systems: A Bayesian
DecisionApproach .................................................203
M.L.V.Martina,E.TodiniandA.Libralon
Watershed Hydrological Modeling: Toward Physically Meaningful
ProcessesRepresentation ...........................................229
M.L.V.MartinaandE.Todini
Simulating Climate Impacts on Water Resources: Experience
fromtheOkavangoRiver,SouthernAfrica ............................243
MartinC.Todd,LottaAndersson,DenisA.Hughes,DominicKniveton,
Russell Layberry, Michael Murray-Hudson, Hubert H.G. Savenije,
JulieWilkandPiotrWolski
ColourPlateSection ................................................267
Index .............................................................291
Preface
Thisvolumeisacollectionofaselectednumberofarticlesbasedonpresentations
atthe2005L’Aquila(Italy)SummerSchoolonthetopicof“HydrologicModeling
andWaterCycle:CouplingoftheAtmosphereandHydrologicalModels”.Thepri-
mary focus of this volume is on hydrologic modeling and their data requirements,
especially precipitation. As the field of hydrologic modeling is experiencing rapid
development and transition to application of distributed models, many challenges
including overcoming the requirements of compatible observations of inputs and
outputs must be addressed. A number of papers address the recent advances in
the State-of-the-art distributed precipitation estimation from satellites. A number
of articles address the issues related to the data merging and use of geo-statistical
techniques for addressing data limitations at spatial resolutions to capture the het-
erogeneityofphysicalprocesses.
TheparticipantsattheSchoolcamefromdiversebackgroundsandthelevelofin-
terestandactiveinvolvementinthediscussionsclearlydemonstratedtheimportance
thescientificcommunityplacesonchallengesrelatedtothecouplingofatmospheric
andhydrologicmodels.
Along with my colleagues Dr. Erika Coppola and Dr. Kuolin Hsu, co-directors
of the School, we greatly appreciate the invited lectures and all the participants.
The members of the local organizing committee, Drs Barbara Tomassetti; Marco
VerdecchiaandGuidoViscontiwereinstrumentalinthesuccessoftheschooland
theircontributions,bothscientificallyandorganizationallyaremuchappreciated.
Irvine,USA SorooshSorooshian
vii
(SeealsoPlate36intheColourPlateSection)
Contributors
LottaAndersson
SwedishMeteorologicalandHydrologicalInstitute,S-60176Norrko¨ping,Sweden,
e-mail:[email protected]
GiorgioBoni
CIMA,CentrodiRicercaInteruniversitarioinMonitoraggioAmbientale,Universita`
degliStudidiGenovaedellaBasilicata,Savona,Italy,
e-mail:[email protected]
ErikaCoppola
TheAbdusSalamCentreforTheoreticalPhysic,TriesteItaly;CentreofExcellence
CETEMPS–UniversityofL’Aquila,L’Aquila,Italy,
e-mail:[email protected]
DaraEntekhabi
DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,MassachusettsInstituteof
Technology,Cambridge,MA,USA,
e-mail:[email protected]
DavidI.F.Grimes
TAMSAT,DeptofMeteorology,UniversityofReading,RG66BB,Reading,UK,
e-mail:[email protected]
HubertH.G.Savenije
DelftUniversityofTechnology,P.O.Box5048,2600GA,Delft,TheNetherlands,
e-mail:[email protected]
Kuo-LinHsu
CenterofHydrometeorologyandRemoteSensing(CHRS),DepartmentofCivil
andEnvironmentalEngineering,UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA,
e-mail:[email protected]
DenisA.Hughes
InstituteforWaterResearch,RhodesUniversity,Grahamstown,SouthAfrica,
e-mail:[email protected]
ix