Hybrid Phosphor Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications

358 Pages·2022·10.226 MB·English

by  Kanchan Upadhyay, Sabu Thomas, Raunak Kumar Tamrakar

Engineering Materials
Kanchan Upadhyay
Sabu Thomas
Raunak Kumar Tamrakar   Editors
Hybrid
Phosphor
Materials
Synthesis, Characterization and
Applications
Engineering Materials
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· ·
Kanchan Upadhyay Sabu Thomas
Raunak Kumar Tamrakar
Editors
Hybrid Phosphor Materials
Synthesis, Characterization and Applications
Editors
KanchanUpadhyay SabuThomas
IIUCNN IIUCNN
MahatmaGandhiUniversity MahatmaGandhiUniversity
Kottayam,Kerala,India Kottayam,Kerala,India
RaunakKumarTamrakar
DepartmentofAppliedPhysics
BhilaiInstituteofTechnology
Durg,Chhattisgarh,India
ISSN1612-1317 ISSN1868-1212 (electronic)
EngineeringMaterials
ISBN978-3-030-90505-7 ISBN978-3-030-90506-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90506-4
©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2022
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Contents
Introduction
MetalHalidePerovskite-BasedPhosphorsandTheirApplications
inLEDs .......................................................... 3
JizhongSongandLeimengXu
MechanoluminescentPhosphors .................................... 51
YuanDeng,HanluZhang,andLinDong
SynthesisandCharecterization
MolecularHybridPhosphors ....................................... 73
SarojKumarKushvahaandKartikChandraMondal
Organic–InorganicHybridsforWhite-LightPhosphors ............... 105
GeetaSharmaandPankajPoddar
SynthesisofPhosphorus-BasedPhosphors ........................... 119
VasileSimulescu, SimonaFunar-Timofei, VladChiriac,
andGheorgheIlia
ProgressandProspectsofGraphiticStructure—BasedPhosphors ..... 151
VelayudhanPrajitha, KelothPaduvilanJibin, K.S.Sisanth,
JesiyaSusanGeorge,andSabuThomas
Synthesis,PropertiesandApplicationsofPolymericMatrix-Based
PhosphorHybrids ................................................. 165
SamitKumarRay, AmritanshuBanerjee, BidyutKumarBhangi,
BarnaliDutta,andDebapriyaPyne
Applications
UpconversionHybridPhosphorsforBiologicalApplications ........... 195
KaushalKumar,SachinKumarMaurya,andManojKumarMahata
v
vi Contents
BiologicalApplicationofHybridPhosphors .......................... 223
SajjadHusainMir, M.K.MohammadZiaulHyder,
andA.M.MasudulAzadChowdhury
HybridPhosphorMaterialsforOptoelectronicApplication ............ 241
JemyJames, SharinMariaThomas, AjeeshKumarSomakumar,
BlessyJoseph,NandakumarKalarikkal,andSabuThomas
Functionalised(ZnO:Dy@AuNP)NanoassemblyforSensingNitro
AromaticCompound .............................................. 255
G.L.Praveen,KanchanUpadhyay,SonyGeorge,andSabuThomas
HybridNanostructuresforBiomedicalApplications .................. 275
R.Rajakumari, AbhimanyuTharayil, SabuThomas,
andNandakumarKalarikkal
Progress on Lanthanide Ion-Activated Inorganic Hybrid
Phosphors:PropertiesandApplications ............................. 303
PreetiPadhyeKulkarni,MonikaMalik,andPankajPoddar
Introduction
Metal Halide Perovskite-Based
Phosphors and Their Applications
in LEDs
JizhongSongandLeimengXu
Abstract Electric lighting has become a significant part of human daily life,
accounting for approximately 15% of global power consumption. Among various
illumination, white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) have become a major research
focusoftheindustryduetotheirlonglifespanandhighenergyefficiency.Current
commercial WLEDs are fabricated mainly through utilizing blue LEDs with
phosphor coatings. Under the environment of energy-saving emission reduction,
according to the haitz’s law of LED industry, LED will follow the development
processofaiminghighbrightnessandlowcost.Thus,exploringnewphosphorsfor
lightings,compatiblewiththecostreduce,ishighlydesired.Metalhalideperovskite
phosphorshaveattractedwideattentionduetotheiroutstandingluminescencefeature
andlow-costsolution-processing.Inthischapter,wefirstintroducedperovskitephos-
phorsofdifferentcolors,includingthreeprimarycolors(blue,green,red),andother
colors (e.g. white, yellow and orange). Then, we further summarized the stability
improvement strategies of through hybrizing perovskite phosphors with inorganic
materials, organic molecules and polymer, and the non-luminous perovskites and
luminousperovskites.Finally,wepresentedsomestrategiesofperovskitephosphor
applicationsinWLEDs,suchasbycombiningGaNchipwiththree-primary-color
perovskitephosphors,throughenergytransferinoneperovskite,andbydopingions
inperovskites.
· · ·
Keywords Metalhalideperovskite Phosphors Hybridphosphors Composite
· · · ·
materials Light-emittingdiodes Backlight Lighting Differentcolors
1 GeneralAspects
Lightisalwayswhathumanpersuadefor,especiallyelectriclightingisavitalpartof
humandailylife,accordingtostatistics,illuminationconsumes15%oftheworld’s
electricity, among which white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) have superiorities
B
J.Song( )·L.Xu
SchoolofPhysicsandMicroelectronics,ZhengzhouUniversity,Zhengzhou450052,China
e-mail:[email protected]
©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2022 3
K.Upadhyayetal.(eds.),HybridPhosphorMaterials,EngineeringMaterials,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90506-4_1
4 J.SongandL.Xu
of long lifespan and high energy efficiency, leading to a major research focus in
photoelectricindustry[1–5].Torealizewhiteemitting,differentmaterialshavebeen
exploited, the most primary method is to coat the blue chip with phosphors, the
efficiencyofWLEDsmainlydependontheperformanceofphosphorcoatings.Under
theenvironmentofenergy-savingemissionreduction,accordingtothehaitz’slawof
LEDindustry,LEDwillfollowthedevelopmentprocessofaiminghighbrightness
andlowcost[6,7].
As technology developing, traditional materials could not satisfy the operating
requirementsanymore.Forexample,thetraditionalincandescentlampemitsvisible
lightbyheatingthefilamentelectricallytoincandescentstatethroughthermalradi-
ation,whichhasaverylowenergy-utilizationrate,andthefilamenttemperatureups
to3000°C,whichisadangerousdegreeinsomeindustries.Foranotherexample,
themostcommonenergy-savinglampsinourdailylifearebasedonplasmaconduc-
tion and phosphor luminescence, such luminescent materials have lower working
temperature (1160 K) and higher energy-conversion efficiency than incandescent
lamps,buttheirefficiencyisstilllowandthepollutionisserious.Hence,exploring
newluminescentmaterialsishighlyimportantandurgent.Inthisfield,manymate-
rials have achieved much progress, but few could reach the commercial grade.
High-efficiencyluminescencedidnotgetenoughrecognitionuntilperovskitephos-
phors were reported. Perovskite phosphors have attracted wide attention due to
theiroutstandingluminescencefeature(suchashighefficiencyandbrightness)and
low-costsolution-process.
Perovskitematerialsareparticularlyattractiveandpromisingmaterialsinoptical
field, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), easily tunable spectra and
simplesynthesismakethemidealluminousmaterials.Comparedwiththesynthesis
methods of other lighting materials, perovskite phosphors are fabricated by solu-
tionprocess,whichallowlow-costandlarge-scalemanufacture[8–21].Speakingof
highlyluminescentandefficientphosphors,manyprogresseshavebeenachieved,a
lotofcomparativematuretechnologieshavebeenexploitedtosynthesizeperovskite
materials,whichhavebeenwidelyappliedinlight-emittingdiodes(LEDs).
The earliest perovskite phosphor materials are organic–inorganic hybrid
perovskites [22–24]. In 2007, Parashkov and his coworkers found (RNH ) PbX
3 2 4
with perovskite structure could act as luminous materials, and Pierre synthesized
(RNH ) PbX nanoparticles through nebulization/lyophilization method in 2009
3 2 4
[22].However,thiskindofstructurewasunstable,whichlimitsthepracticalappli-
cations.Untiltheendof2014,researcherssostenutodevelopedstableorganic–inor-
ganicperovskite(e.g.FAPbX ,MAPbX )[25,26]andall-inorganicperovskite(e.g.
3 3
CsPbX )[27,28]system.ThecrystalstructuresofperovskitesareshowninFig.1.
3
Figure 1a demonstrated the chemical formula of three-dimensional (3D) ABX
3
perovskite(purpleA=cesium(Cs),formamidine(FA),methylamine(MA);black
B = Pb, Sn; green X = Cl, Br, I, the black B atoms and the green X atoms form
theB-octahedrons([BX ]4−),A-sitecationsarefilledbetweenB-octahedrons)[29].
6
Figure1cdemonstratedthechemicalformulaoftwo-dimensional(2D)perovskite,
(A(cid:2))mAn−1BnX3n−1 (A(cid:2) represents largeorganic cation;Arepresents smallorganic
orinorganiccationsuchasCs+,MA+,FA+,Rb+;BandXrepresentmetalanionsand