Hybrid Phosphor Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications

365 Pages·2022·10.23 MB·english

by  Kanchan Upadhyay

Engineering Materials
Kanchan Upadhyay
Sabu Thomas
Raunak Kumar Tamrakar   Editors
Hybrid
Phosphor
Materials
Synthesis, Characterization and
Applications
Engineering Materials
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· ·
Kanchan Upadhyay Sabu Thomas
Raunak Kumar Tamrakar
Editors
Hybrid Phosphor Materials
Synthesis, Characterization and Applications
Editors
KanchanUpadhyay SabuThomas
IIUCNN IIUCNN
MahatmaGandhiUniversity MahatmaGandhiUniversity
Kottayam,Kerala,India Kottayam,Kerala,India
RaunakKumarTamrakar
DepartmentofAppliedPhysics
BhilaiInstituteofTechnology
Durg,Chhattisgarh,India
ISSN1612-1317 ISSN1868-1212 (electronic)
EngineeringMaterials
ISBN978-3-030-90505-7 ISBN978-3-030-90506-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90506-4
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Contents
Introduction
MetalHalidePerovskite-BasedPhosphorsandTheirApplications
inLEDs .......................................................... 3
JizhongSongandLeimengXu
MechanoluminescentPhosphors .................................... 51
YuanDeng,HanluZhang,andLinDong
SynthesisandCharecterization
MolecularHybridPhosphors ....................................... 73
SarojKumarKushvahaandKartikChandraMondal
Organic–InorganicHybridsforWhite-LightPhosphors ............... 105
GeetaSharmaandPankajPoddar
SynthesisofPhosphorus-BasedPhosphors ........................... 119
VasileSimulescu, SimonaFunar-Timofei, VladChiriac,
andGheorgheIlia
ProgressandProspectsofGraphiticStructure—BasedPhosphors ..... 151
VelayudhanPrajitha, KelothPaduvilanJibin, K.S.Sisanth,
JesiyaSusanGeorge,andSabuThomas
Synthesis,PropertiesandApplicationsofPolymericMatrix-Based
PhosphorHybrids ................................................. 165
SamitKumarRay, AmritanshuBanerjee, BidyutKumarBhangi,
BarnaliDutta,andDebapriyaPyne
Applications
UpconversionHybridPhosphorsforBiologicalApplications ........... 195
KaushalKumar,SachinKumarMaurya,andManojKumarMahata
v
vi Contents
BiologicalApplicationofHybridPhosphors .......................... 223
SajjadHusainMir, M.K.MohammadZiaulHyder,
andA.M.MasudulAzadChowdhury
HybridPhosphorMaterialsforOptoelectronicApplication ............ 241
JemyJames, SharinMariaThomas, AjeeshKumarSomakumar,
BlessyJoseph,NandakumarKalarikkal,andSabuThomas
Functionalised(ZnO:Dy@AuNP)NanoassemblyforSensingNitro
AromaticCompound .............................................. 255
G.L.Praveen,KanchanUpadhyay,SonyGeorge,andSabuThomas
HybridNanostructuresforBiomedicalApplications .................. 275
R.Rajakumari, AbhimanyuTharayil, SabuThomas,
andNandakumarKalarikkal
Progress on Lanthanide Ion-Activated Inorganic Hybrid
Phosphors:PropertiesandApplications ............................. 303
PreetiPadhyeKulkarni,MonikaMalik,andPankajPoddar
Introduction
Metal Halide Perovskite-Based
Phosphors and Their Applications
in LEDs
JizhongSongandLeimengXu
Abstract Electric lighting has become a significant part of human daily life,
accounting for approximately 15% of global power consumption. Among various
illumination, white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) have become a major research
focusoftheindustryduetotheirlonglifespanandhighenergyefficiency.Current
commercial WLEDs are fabricated mainly through utilizing blue LEDs with
phosphor coatings. Under the environment of energy-saving emission reduction,
according to the haitz’s law of LED industry, LED will follow the development
processofaiminghighbrightnessandlowcost.Thus,exploringnewphosphorsfor
lightings,compatiblewiththecostreduce,ishighlydesired.Metalhalideperovskite
phosphorshaveattractedwideattentionduetotheiroutstandingluminescencefeature
andlow-costsolution-processing.Inthischapter,wefirstintroducedperovskitephos-
phorsofdifferentcolors,includingthreeprimarycolors(blue,green,red),andother
colors (e.g. white, yellow and orange). Then, we further summarized the stability
improvement strategies of through hybrizing perovskite phosphors with inorganic
materials, organic molecules and polymer, and the non-luminous perovskites and
luminousperovskites.Finally,wepresentedsomestrategiesofperovskitephosphor
applicationsinWLEDs,suchasbycombiningGaNchipwiththree-primary-color
perovskitephosphors,throughenergytransferinoneperovskite,andbydopingions
inperovskites.
· · ·
Keywords Metalhalideperovskite Phosphors Hybridphosphors Composite
· · · ·
materials Light-emittingdiodes Backlight Lighting Differentcolors
1 GeneralAspects
Lightisalwayswhathumanpersuadefor,especiallyelectriclightingisavitalpartof
humandailylife,accordingtostatistics,illuminationconsumes15%oftheworld’s
electricity, among which white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) have superiorities
B
J.Song( )·L.Xu
SchoolofPhysicsandMicroelectronics,ZhengzhouUniversity,Zhengzhou450052,China
e-mail:[email protected]
©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2022 3
K.Upadhyayetal.(eds.),HybridPhosphorMaterials,EngineeringMaterials,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90506-4_1
4 J.SongandL.Xu
of long lifespan and high energy efficiency, leading to a major research focus in
photoelectricindustry[1–5].Torealizewhiteemitting,differentmaterialshavebeen
exploited, the most primary method is to coat the blue chip with phosphors, the
efficiencyofWLEDsmainlydependontheperformanceofphosphorcoatings.Under
theenvironmentofenergy-savingemissionreduction,accordingtothehaitz’slawof
LEDindustry,LEDwillfollowthedevelopmentprocessofaiminghighbrightness
andlowcost[6,7].
As technology developing, traditional materials could not satisfy the operating
requirementsanymore.Forexample,thetraditionalincandescentlampemitsvisible
lightbyheatingthefilamentelectricallytoincandescentstatethroughthermalradi-
ation,whichhasaverylowenergy-utilizationrate,andthefilamenttemperatureups
to3000°C,whichisadangerousdegreeinsomeindustries.Foranotherexample,
themostcommonenergy-savinglampsinourdailylifearebasedonplasmaconduc-
tion and phosphor luminescence, such luminescent materials have lower working
temperature (1160 K) and higher energy-conversion efficiency than incandescent
lamps,buttheirefficiencyisstilllowandthepollutionisserious.Hence,exploring
newluminescentmaterialsishighlyimportantandurgent.Inthisfield,manymate-
rials have achieved much progress, but few could reach the commercial grade.
High-efficiencyluminescencedidnotgetenoughrecognitionuntilperovskitephos-
phors were reported. Perovskite phosphors have attracted wide attention due to
theiroutstandingluminescencefeature(suchashighefficiencyandbrightness)and
low-costsolution-process.
Perovskitematerialsareparticularlyattractiveandpromisingmaterialsinoptical
field, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), easily tunable spectra and
simplesynthesismakethemidealluminousmaterials.Comparedwiththesynthesis
methods of other lighting materials, perovskite phosphors are fabricated by solu-
tionprocess,whichallowlow-costandlarge-scalemanufacture[8–21].Speakingof
highlyluminescentandefficientphosphors,manyprogresseshavebeenachieved,a
lotofcomparativematuretechnologieshavebeenexploitedtosynthesizeperovskite
materials,whichhavebeenwidelyappliedinlight-emittingdiodes(LEDs).
The earliest perovskite phosphor materials are organic–inorganic hybrid
perovskites [22–24]. In 2007, Parashkov and his coworkers found (RNH ) PbX
3 2 4
with perovskite structure could act as luminous materials, and Pierre synthesized
(RNH ) PbX nanoparticles through nebulization/lyophilization method in 2009
3 2 4
[22].However,thiskindofstructurewasunstable,whichlimitsthepracticalappli-
cations.Untiltheendof2014,researcherssostenutodevelopedstableorganic–inor-
ganicperovskite(e.g.FAPbX ,MAPbX )[25,26]andall-inorganicperovskite(e.g.
3 3
CsPbX )[27,28]system.ThecrystalstructuresofperovskitesareshowninFig.1.
3
Figure 1a demonstrated the chemical formula of three-dimensional (3D) ABX
3
perovskite(purpleA=cesium(Cs),formamidine(FA),methylamine(MA);black
B = Pb, Sn; green X = Cl, Br, I, the black B atoms and the green X atoms form
theB-octahedrons([BX ]4−),A-sitecationsarefilledbetweenB-octahedrons)[29].
6
Figure1cdemonstratedthechemicalformulaoftwo-dimensional(2D)perovskite,
(A(cid:2))mAn−1BnX3n−1 (A(cid:2) represents largeorganic cation;Arepresents smallorganic
orinorganiccationsuchasCs+,MA+,FA+,Rb+;BandXrepresentmetalanionsand