Human Trafficking, Human Misery: The Global Trade in Human Beings

304 Pages·2009·1.03 MB·English

by  Alexis A. Aronowitz

Human Trafficking, Human Misery
RecentTitlein
GlobalCrimeandJustice
OutsmartingtheTerrorists
RonaldV.ClarkeandGraemeR.Newman
HUMAN TRAFFICKING,
HUMAN MISERY
The Global Trade in
Human Beings
ALEXIS A. ARONOWITZ
GlobalCrimeandJustice
GraemeR.Newman,SeriesEditor
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Aronowitz,AlexisA.,1956–
Humantrafficking,humanmisery :theglobaltradeinhuman
beings/AlexisA.Aronowitz.
p.cm.—(Globalcrimeandjustice,ISSN1931-7239)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-0-275-99481-5(alk.paper)
1.Humantrafficking.2.Humansmuggling.3.Humantrafficking—
Prevention.4.Humansmuggling—Prevention.I.Title.
HQ281.A76 2009
364.1037—dc22 2008045310
BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataisavailable.
Copyright'2009byAlexisA.Aronowitz
Allrightsreserved.Noportionofthisbookmaybe
reproduced,byanyprocessortechnique,withoutthe
expresswrittenconsentofthepublisher.
LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:2008045310
ISBN:978-0-275-99481-5
ISSN: 1931-7239
Firstpublishedin2009
PraegerPublishers,88PostRoadWest,Westport,CT06881
AnimprintofGreenwoodPublishingGroup,Inc.
www.praeger.com
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
Thepaperusedinthisbookcomplieswiththe
PermanentPaperStandardissuedbytheNational
InformationStandardsOrganization(Z39.48-1984).
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This book is dedicated to the victims of human trafficking and
all those who are working to make a difference in their lives.
This page intentionally left blank
Contents
SeriesForeword ix
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
AcronymsandAbbreviations xv
1. WhatIsHumanTrafficking? 1
2. HumanTrafficking:HowSeriousIstheProblem? 15
3. ContrastingPerspectivesonHumanTrafficking 23
4. VictimsofTrafficking 31
5. TheTraffickers:TheirMethodsofOperationandOrganization
Structure 51
6. RegionalTraffickingPatterns 77
7. HiddenFormsofHumanTrafficking 103
8. NewOpportunitiesforTrafficking 129
9. EndingHumanTrafficking 145
Appendix1. RiskFactorsofChildTrafficking 163
Appendix2. TraffickingPatternsbyRegion,Subregion,andCountry 165
Appendix3. HumanTraffickingIndicators 215
viii CONTENTS
Notes 221
References 249
Index 275
Series Foreword
HOW FITTING THAT one of the first books in this new Praeger series Global
Crime and Justice should be on human trafficking, the global crime of the
twenty-first century. Though how disappointing that human trafficking is not
recognized as a crime in every part of the world, and that its global nature
defies nations that outlaw it and challenges international governmental and
nongovernmental efforts to police it. And how shocking it is that slavery—a
global enterprise for centuries—still exists, flying in the face of its heralded
abolition in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Human trafficking is a
very, very old practice, feeding very, very old vices.
In this thoroughly researched book, Alexis Aronowitz exposes the human
misery of trafficking, examining every nook and cranny of its practice. She
shows how innocent families and their children, looking for a better life, are
tricked and exploited into the nether world of modern slavery—a world
in which they live hidden, yet in plain sight of those who benefit from the
services they provide—the indentured sex, domestic, farm, garment, and
factory workers.
One cannot doubt the authenticity of this book, the best documented
exposition on human trafficking available, presented by an author whose years
of experience in interviewing stakeholders and victims as she researched
human trafficking in many parts of the world shines through. The message is
clear enough, repeated on just about every page (and it needs to be): Readers,
wake up. Nations and international organizations, do more. Governments and
authorities, acknowledge the victim status of trafficked persons, regardless of