Table Of ContentLaw and Visual Jurisprudence 7
Series Editors: Sarah Marusek · Anne Wagner
José Manuel Aroso Linhares
Manuel Atienza Editors
Human
Dignity and
the Autonomy
of Law
Law and Visual Jurisprudence
Volume 7
SeriesEditors
SarahMarusek ,UniversityofHawai’iHilo,Hilo,HI,USA
AnneWagner,LilleUniversity,Lille,France
AdvisoryEditors
ShulamitAlmog,UniversityofHaifa,Haifa,Israel
MarkAntaki,McGillUniversity,Montréal,Canada
JoséManuelArosoLinhares,UnivCoimbra,UCILeR/IJ(UniversityofCoimbra
InstituteforLegalResearch),FacultyofLaw(FDUC),Coimbra,Portugal
LarryCatáBacker,PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityPark,USA
KristianBankov,NewBulgarianUniversity,Sofia,Bulgaria,SichuanUniversity,
Sichuan,China
VijayBhatia,ChineseUniversityofHongKong,HongKong,HongKong
KatherineBiber,UniversityofTechnologySydney,Sydney,Australia
NicholasBlomley,SimonFraserUniversity,Burnaby,Canada
PatríciaBranco,UniversityofCoimbra,Coimbra,Portugal
JohnBrigham,UniversityofMassachusetts,Amherst,USA
JanBroekman,KULeuven,Leuven,Belgium,PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,
UniversityPark,USA
MichelleBrown,UniversityofTennessee,Knoxville,USA
SandrineChassagnard-Pinet,LilleUniversity,Lille,France
LeCheng,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou,China
PaulCobley,MiddlesexUniversity,London,UK
AngelaCondello,UniversityofTurin,Turin,Italy
ReneeAnnCramer,DrakeUniversity,DesMoines,USA
KarenCrawley,Southport,Australia
MarcelDanesi,UniversityofToronto,Toronto,Canada
DavidDelaney,AmherstCollege,Amherst,USA
NicolasDissaux,LilleUniversity,Lille,France
MichałDudek,JagiellonianUniversity,Cracow,Poland
MarkFeatherstone,KeeleUniversity,Keele,UK
MagalieFlores-Lonjou,LaRochelleUniversity,LaRochelle,France
MarcilioToscanoFranca-Filho,FederalUniversityofParaíba,Paraíba,Brazil
ThomasGiddens,UniversityofDundee,Dundee,UK
NathalieHauksson-Tresch,LinnaeusUniversity,Växjö,Sweden
CarlosMiguelHerrera,Cergy-PontoiseUniversity,Cergy,France
DanielHourigan,UniversityofSouthernQueensland,Toowoomba,Australia
Lung-LungHu,DalarnaUniversity,Falun,Sweden
StefanHuygebaert,GhentUniversity,Ghent,Belgium
MiklósKönczöl,PázmányPéterCatholicUniversity,Budapest,Hungary
MagdalenaŁągiewska,UniversityofGdańsk,Gdańsk,Poland
AnitaLam,YorkUniversity,Toronto,Canada
MassimoLeone,UniversityofTurin,Turin,Italy
DavidMachin,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou,China
SamanthaMajic,CityUniversityofNewYork,NewYork,USA
DaniloMandic,UniversityofWestminster,London,UK
FrancescoMangiapane,UniversityofPalermo,Palermo,Italy
AleksandraMatulewska,AdamMickiewiczUniversity,Poznan,Poland
RenisaMawani,UniversityofBritishColumbia,Vancouver,Canada
RostamJ.Neuwirth,UniversityofMacao,Taipa,Macao
ArnaudPaturet,ParisNanterreUniversity,Naterre,France
AndreaPavoni,LisbonUniversityInstitute,Lisbon,Portugal
TimothyD.Peters,UniversityofSunshineCoast,SippyDowns,Australia
AndreasPhilippopoulos-Mihalopoulos,UniversityofWestminster,London,UK
RichardPowell,NihonUniversity,Tokyo,Japan
KimalaPrice,SanDiegoStateUniversity,SanDiego,USA
AlisonRenteln,UniversityofSouthernCalifornia,LosAngeles,USA
MarcoRicca,UniversityofParma,Parma,Italy
PeterW.G.Robson,UniversityofStrathclyde,Glasgow,UK
AustinSarat,AmherstCollege,Amherst,USA
CassandraSharp,UniversityofWollongong,Wollongong,Australia
JuliaJ.A.Shaw,DeMontfortUniversity,Leicester,UK
RichardK.Sherwin,NewYorkLawSchool,NewYork,USA
LawrenceM.Solan,BrooklynLawSchool,NewYork,USA
MateuszStępień,JagiellonianUniversity,Cracow,Poland
KieranMarkTranter,QueenslandUniversityofTechnology,Brisbane,Australia
FaridSamirBenavidesVanegas,RamonLlullUniversity,Barcelona,Spain
DenisVoinot,LilleUniversity,Lille,France
HonnivonRijswijk,UniversityofTechnologySydney,Ultimo,Australia
MarcoWan,UniversityofHongKong,HongKong,HongKong
OliverWatts,AustralianGovernmentArtCollection,Canberra,Australia
XuYouping,GuangdongUniversityofForeignStudies,Guangzhou,China
(cid:129)
José Manuel Aroso Linhares Manuel Atienza
Editors
Human Dignity
and the Autonomy of Law
Editors
JoséManuelArosoLinhares ManuelAtienza
UnivCoimbra,UCILeR/IJ FacultyofLaw
(UniversityofCoimbraInstitute UniversityofAlicante
forLegalResearch),Faculty Alicante,Spain
ofLaw(FDUC)
Coimbra,Portugal
ISSN2662-4532 ISSN2662-4540 (electronic)
LawandVisualJurisprudence
ISBN978-3-031-14823-1 ISBN978-3-031-14824-8 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14824-8
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AG2022
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Acknowledgment
Theorigin ofthis book, notwithstandingthe autonomy ofits final outcome (andthe
enrichingadditionofnewinterlocutors),isaSpecialWorkshopwhichtookplaceatthe
XXIXWorldCongressoftheIVR(“Dignity,Democracy,Diversity”)attheUniversity
of Lucerne in July 2019 (SW 101, “Law’s Autonomy and Concepts of Human
Dignity”: https://13278125-e82a-6ee5-6868-a8ae5dadd191.filesusr.com/ugd/890
d86_15de4f6b7fd74f28b9a6107c5978014f.pdf).Mostofthechapterswhichcomprise
itwere,infact,writteninthecontextandundertheinspirationofthismostmemorable
meeting,growing(withasignificantdegreeofincorporationofnewmaterialsandnew
developments, but also with important thematic and structural changes) through the
felicitousdialogue, and in specific cases also throughtheintertwined research (to be
pursuedinotherstages),thatthismeetingeffectivelysetinmotion.
Part of the coordination of the present volume was developed as an activity of
UCILeR (University of Coimbra Institute for Legal Research), being, as such,
prepared within the framework of the following research projects (financed by the
Portuguese FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia): “Societal Challenges,
Uncertainty and Law: Plurality | Vulnerability | Undecidability” (Projects I&D
UID/DIR/04643/2019andUIDB/04643/2020).
October2021
Coimbra,Portugal JoséManuelArosoLinhares
Alicante,Spain ManuelAtienza
v
Contents
Dignity/AutonomyoftheLaw/HumanRights/ComparablePersonal
Autonomies:IntroducinganIndispensableGeneratingSeries
(andItsProductive“Phantoms”). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
JoséManuelArosoLinhares
PartI Exploringthe“ConceptualBonds”BetweenHumanRights
andHumanDignity
FromHumanRightstoHumanDignityandViceVersa. . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
JosédeSousaeBrito
ModelsofConsensusandCompromiseonHumanRightsandDignity. . . 19
JoãoCardosoRosas
TheFoundationsofHumanRights,DignityorAutonomy?. . . . . . . . . . 31
ManuelAtienza
PartII ExploringtheProblemoftheAutonomyofLawintheTrends
ofContemporaryLegalDiscourse(s)
Hart,RazandKelsenonthePuzzleofLaw’sAutonomy. . . . . . . . . . . . 55
EduardoA.Chia
ConstructivistMetaphorsandLaw’sAutonomyinLegal
Post-Positivism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
JesúsVega
PartIII IntertwiningtheClaimtoAutonomyandtheConcept
ofHumanDignity
Merit,ValueandJustification:HumanDignityVis-à-VisLegal
(Inter)subjectivity—TheAutonomyofSubjectsWithintheAutonomy
ofLaw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
AnaMargaridaSimõesGaudêncio
vii
viii Contents
BetweenPrinciplesandRules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
SilviaNiccolai
TheLegalMeaningofHumanDignity:RespectforAutonomy
andConcernforVulnerability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
AntónioCortês
PartIV DialogueswithEmmanuelLevinas
TheDoubleSenseoftheLaw-DignityRelationshipinEmmanuel
Levinas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
SusanPetrilli
HumanRights,RightsoftheOther,andPreventivePeace:
ALevinasianPerspective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
AugustoPonzio
PartV DialogueswithJeremyWaldron
NoArgument:HumanDignityandtheMakingofLegislation. . . . . . . . 239
JulieCopley
IsDignityaNon-contingentAutonomouslyJuridical“Idea”?
AConversationPiecewithJeremyWaldron. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
JoséManuelArosoLinhares
PartVI ExploringHumanDignityintheBoundariesofLaw
DoesDignityPromoteLaw’sAutonomyorUndermineIt?TheIsraeli
Controversy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
OritKamir
ImagesandCounter-ImagesofHumanitas:AJusaesthetic
ApproachtotheProblemofLaw’sNormativeValidity:Beyond
theBlindness-and-SightednessPolarity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
BrisaPaimDuarte
Dignity/Autonomy of the Law/Human
Rights/Comparable Personal Autonomies:
Introducing an Indispensable Generating
“ ”
Series (and Its Productive Phantoms )
JoséManuelArosoLinhares
Abstract This introductory chapter aims to unveil the generating series which,
despitethepluralityoftheperspectivesandapproachesdevelopedinthefollowing
fourteen chapters, gives the ensemble an effective contextual plausibility. This
generative prime series combines the four main themes mentioned in the title: the
conceptsofhumandignity,theproblemofautonomy(andlimits)ofLawandlegal
thinking,theconnectionsbetweenhumanrightspractices(andfoundations)andthe
issueofhumandignity,therolethattheconsiderationofLaw’saspirationsattributes
totheexperienceofanautonomoussubject-person.
1 Introduction
“Wir Neueren haben vor den Griechen zwei Begriffe voraus, die gleichsam als
Trostmittel einer durchaus sklavisch sich gebarenden und dabei das Wort ‘Sklave’
ängstlichscheuendenWeltgegebensind:wirredenvonder‘WürdedesMenschen’
und von der ‘Würde der Arbeit’. (...). Die Griechen brauchen solche Begriffs-
Halluzinationen (...) [and] solche Phantomen (...) nicht.” (Nietzsche 1872,
pp.275–276).ThisincisivestatementbyNietzsche—withitsprovocativejudgement
on dignity-worth as being “a compensation” for (if not a hypocritical mask or an
insidious lie used in) our world of “slaves” (“behaving thoroughly slavishly” and
“yetatthesametimeanxiouslyeschewingtheword‘slave’”)—belongstotheshort
essay“DergriechischeStaat”,thethirdofthe“fiveprefacestofiveunwrittenbooks”
(Fünf Vorreden zu fünf ungeschriebenen Büchern) that he offered Cosima Wagner
(as a birthday present) in 18721...—a relatively neglected text (most relevant
1“FürFrauCosimaWagnerinherzlicherVerehrungundalsAntwortaufmündlicheundbriefliche
Fragen,vergnügtenSinnesniedergeschriebenindenWeihnachtstagen1872”[Thisisthededica-
tion!].WeshouldnotforgetthatthehappyreunionswithCosimaandRichardinWagner’shousein
J.M.ArosoLinhares(*)
UnivCoimbra,UCILeR/IJ(UniversityofCoimbraInstituteforLegalResearch),FacultyofLaw
(FDUC),Coimbra,Portugal
e-mail:[email protected]
©TheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2022 1
J.M.ArosoLinhares,M.Atienza(eds.),HumanDignityandtheAutonomyofLaw,
LawandVisualJurisprudence7,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14824-8_1
2 J.M.ArosoLinhares
certainly for those who follow every detail of the Nietzsche/Wagner saga), with
which,however(andcertainlynotbychance),MichaelRosen,inhisindispensable
Dignity,establishesabriefandvibrantcriticaldialogue(Rosen2012,pp.41–46).Is
howevertherecallofNietzsche’s“DergriechischeStaat”—whosebrilliantDecon-
struction-Destruktiondoesnotevensparetheacquisitionofhumanrights(treatedas
“transparent lies”2)—productive and adequate when we consider human dignity in
its juridical context? I can say that it is. If for no other reason, because the
consideration of Nietzsche’s arguments is also an opportunity to bring into the
arenaJeremyWaldron’swell-knowndistinctionbetweendignityasarankingstatus
(dignitas)anddignityasvalueor(absoluteinner)worth(Würde)—adistinctionwe
willreturntothroughoutthisbook.3AsifwewereagreeingthatancientGreeksdid
not require (have not needed or autonomized) the claim to dignity, whilst simulta-
neously defending that Roman jurists certainly did... and that their unmistakable
invention of dignity (albeit experiencing it as a ranking status) is certainly insepa-
rable from the specification of phronesis and humanitas which fed (or have been
feeding)Law’sclaimtoautonomy...
And yet, this anticipation and the refutation it justifies are very far from being
indispensable.AnexerciseinDestruktionasbrilliantandcorrosiveasthisprefaceby
Nietzscheiswellworthitforitsownsake,especiallyinacontextliketheonewelive
intoday,withitsimplacablesequenceofculturalcrisesandlimit-situations,multi-
plyingperplexitiesandparadoxes(eineandereunseligeZeit?4).Inthiscontext,the
emergenceofanewensembleofessaysondignityinthejuridicalcontextcanhardly
avoidanautonomousexerciseinjustification.Thereasonstobesummonedhereare
however far from feeding a linear argumentative path. On the one hand, the
celebration of the claim or principle of dignity as an irreversible civilizational
acquisition (assumed in the Western Text as a kind of an historical absolute)
imposes a recurrent topos, with paths and places so intensively frequented
(so invincibly crowded) that any new (more or less) celebratory incursion runs the
risk of redundancy, pointlessness or banalization. On the other hand, the multipli-
cationofcriticalapproaches—notonlyaddressedtotheopennessofthesignifieras
such and the instability of the corresponding contexts of signification and
Triebschen(lessthan3kmawayfromtheplacewheretheworkshopthatgaverisetothisbookwas
held...)hadrecentlycometoanend(April1872),announcingthedistanceandthetragicrupture
(whichwillnottakelongtohappen)betweenthe“philosopher”(“whowasalsoamusician”)and
the“musician”(“whowasalsoaphilosopher”)[TheseformulationsarebyKerstinDecker:Decker
2012,p.11).
2“JetztmußdiesersichmitsolchendurchsichtigenLügenvoneinemTagezumandernhinhalten,
wiesieinderangeblichen‘Gleichberechtigungaller’oderindensogenannten‘Grundrechtendes
Menschen’,desMenschenalssolchen,oderinderWürdederArbeitfürjedentieferBlickenden
erkennbarsind”(Nietzsche1872,p.275).
3Seeinfra,partIII(AnaGaudêncio’s“Merit,ValueandJustification...”)andpartV(Dialogues
withJeremyWaldron).SeealsoAtienza(2022),pp.117–126.
4“UnseligeZeit,inderderSklavesolcheBegriffebraucht,indererzumNachdenkenübersichund
übersichhinausaufgereiztwird!”(Nietzsche1872,p.275).
