Table Of ContentHTML5
About the Tutorial
HTML5 is the latest and most enhanced version of HTML. Technically, HTML is not a
programming language, but rather a markup language. In this tutorial, we will discuss the
features of HTML5 and how to use it in practice.
Audience
This tutorial has been designed for beginners in HTML5 to make them understand the
basic-to-advanced concepts of the subject.
Prerequisites
Before starting this tutorial, you should have a basic understanding of HTML and its tags.
Disclaimer & Copyright
Copyright 2016 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.
All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I)
Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute, or republish
any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent
of the publisher.
We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as
possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt.
Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness, or completeness of our
website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or
in this tutorial, please notify us at [email protected]
1
HTML5
Execute HTML5 Online
For most of the examples given in this tutorial you will find Try it option, so just make use
of this option to execute your HTML5 programs at the spot and enjoy your learning.
Try following example using Try it option available at the top right corner of the below
sample code box −
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Tutorials Point</title>
</head>
<body>
<header role="banner">
<h1>HTML5 Document Structure Example</h1>
<p>This page should be tried in safari, chrome or Mozila.</p>
</header>
<footer>
<p>Created by <a href="http://tutorialspoint.com/">Tutorials
Point</a></p>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
2
HTML5
Table of Contents
About the Tutorial ................................................................................................................................... 1
Audience ................................................................................................................................................. 1
Prerequisites ........................................................................................................................................... 1
Execute HTML5 Online ............................................................................................................................ 2
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................... 3
1. HTML5 − OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................ 9
Browser Support ..................................................................................................................................... 9
New Features .......................................................................................................................................... 9
Backward Compatibility ........................................................................................................................ 10
2. HTML5 − SYNTAX ............................................................................................................... 11
The DOCTYPE ........................................................................................................................................ 11
Character Encoding ............................................................................................................................... 11
The <script> tag ..................................................................................................................................... 11
The <link> tag ........................................................................................................................................ 12
HTML5 Elements ................................................................................................................................... 12
HTML5 Attributes .................................................................................................................................. 12
HTML5 Document ................................................................................................................................. 13
3. HTML5 − ATTRIBUTES ........................................................................................................ 16
Standard Attributes ............................................................................................................................... 16
Custom Attributes ................................................................................................................................. 17
4. HTML5 − EVENTS ............................................................................................................... 18
5. HTML5 − WEB FORMS 2.0 ................................................................................................. 21
The <input> element in HTML4 ............................................................................................................. 21
The <input> element in HTML5 ............................................................................................................. 22
3
HTML5
HTML5 - datetime ................................................................................................................................. 23
HTML5 - datetime local ......................................................................................................................... 24
HTML5 – date ........................................................................................................................................ 24
HTML5 – month..................................................................................................................................... 25
HTML5 - week ....................................................................................................................................... 26
HTML5 – time ........................................................................................................................................ 27
HTML5 – number ................................................................................................................................... 27
HTML5 – range ...................................................................................................................................... 28
HTML5 - email ....................................................................................................................................... 29
HTML5 – URL ......................................................................................................................................... 30
The <output> element ........................................................................................................................... 30
The placeholder attribute...................................................................................................................... 31
The autofocus attribute ........................................................................................................................ 32
The required attribute ........................................................................................................................... 33
6. HTML5 − SVG ..................................................................................................................... 35
Viewing SVG Files .................................................................................................................................. 35
Embedding SVG in HTML5 ..................................................................................................................... 35
HTML5 − SVG Circle ............................................................................................................................... 36
HTML5 − SVG Rectangle ........................................................................................................................ 36
HTML5 − SVG Line ................................................................................................................................. 37
HTML5 − SVG Ellipse .............................................................................................................................. 38
HTML5 − SVG Polygon ........................................................................................................................... 39
HTML5 − SVG Polyline ........................................................................................................................... 40
HTML5 − SVG Gradients ........................................................................................................................ 40
HTML5 − SVG Star ................................................................................................................................. 42
4
HTML5
7. HTML5 − MATHML ............................................................................................................ 44
MathML Examples ................................................................................................................................ 44
Using MathML Characters ..................................................................................................................... 45
Matrix Presentation Examples .............................................................................................................. 47
8. HTML5 − WEB STORAGE .................................................................................................... 49
Session Storage ..................................................................................................................................... 49
Local Storage ......................................................................................................................................... 50
Delete Web Storage .............................................................................................................................. 51
9. HTML5 − WEB SQL DATABASE ........................................................................................... 54
The Core Methods ................................................................................................................................. 54
Opening Database ................................................................................................................................. 54
Executing queries .................................................................................................................................. 55
INSERT Operation .................................................................................................................................. 55
READ Operation .................................................................................................................................... 55
Final Example ........................................................................................................................................ 56
10. HTML5 − SERVER SENT EVENTS ......................................................................................... 58
Web Application for SSE ........................................................................................................................ 58
Server Side Script for SSE....................................................................................................................... 59
Handle Server-Sent Events .................................................................................................................... 60
11. HTML5 − WEBSOCKETS ..................................................................................................... 61
WebSocket Attributes ........................................................................................................................... 61
WebSocket Events ................................................................................................................................. 62
WebSocket Methods ............................................................................................................................. 62
WebSocket Example .............................................................................................................................. 62
Client Side HTML & JavaScript Code ...................................................................................................... 62
5
HTML5
Install pywebsocket .............................................................................................................................. 64
Start the Server ..................................................................................................................................... 64
12. HTML5 − CANVAS .............................................................................................................. 65
The Rendering Context .......................................................................................................................... 66
Browser Support ................................................................................................................................... 66
HTML5 Canvas Examples ....................................................................................................................... 66
HTML5 Canvas - Drawing Rectangles ..................................................................................................... 67
HTML5 Canvas - Drawing Paths ............................................................................................................. 69
HTML5 Canvas - Drawing Lines .............................................................................................................. 71
HTML5 Canvas - Drawing Bezier Curves ................................................................................................. 76
HTML5 Canvas - Drawing Quadratic Curves ........................................................................................... 78
HTML5 Canvas - Using Images ............................................................................................................... 81
HTML5 Canvas - Create Gradients ......................................................................................................... 83
HTML5 Canvas - Styles and Colors ......................................................................................................... 87
HTML5 Canvas - Text and Fonts ............................................................................................................. 91
HTML5 Canvas - Pattern and Shadow .................................................................................................... 93
HTML5 Canvas - Save and Restore States .............................................................................................. 97
HTML5 Canvas - Translation ................................................................................................................ 100
HTML5 Canvas - Rotation .................................................................................................................... 103
HTML5 Canvas - Scaling ....................................................................................................................... 105
HTML5 Canvas - Transforms ................................................................................................................ 108
HTML5 Canvas - Composition .............................................................................................................. 111
HTML5 Canvas - Animations ................................................................................................................ 115
13. HTML5 − AUDIO & VIDEO ................................................................................................ 118
Embedding Video ................................................................................................................................ 118
Video Attribute Specification .............................................................................................................. 119
6
HTML5
Embedding Audio ................................................................................................................................ 120
Audio Attribute Specification .............................................................................................................. 121
Handling Media Events........................................................................................................................ 121
Configuring Servers for Media Type .................................................................................................... 123
14. HTML5 − GEOLOCATION .................................................................................................. 124
Geolocation Methods .......................................................................................................................... 124
Geolocation getCurrentPosition() API ................................................................................................. 125
Geolocation watchPosition() API ......................................................................................................... 127
Geolocation clearWatch() API ............................................................................................................. 129
Location Properties ............................................................................................................................. 131
Handling Errors ................................................................................................................................... 132
Position Options .................................................................................................................................. 133
15. HTML5 − MICRODATA ..................................................................................................... 135
Example .............................................................................................................................................. 135
Global Attributes ................................................................................................................................. 136
Properties Datatypes........................................................................................................................... 136
Microdata API support ........................................................................................................................ 137
Defining Microdata Vocabulary ........................................................................................................... 137
16. HTML5 − DRAG & DROP .................................................................................................. 139
Drag and Drop Events .......................................................................................................................... 139
The DataTransfer Object: .................................................................................................................... 140
Drag and Drop Process ........................................................................................................................ 141
17. HTML5 − WEB WORKERS ................................................................................................. 145
What is Web Workers?........................................................................................................................ 146
How Web Workers Work? ................................................................................................................... 147
7
HTML5
Stopping Web Workers ....................................................................................................................... 148
Handling Errors ................................................................................................................................... 148
Checking for Browser Support ............................................................................................................. 149
18. HTML5 – INDEXEDDB ...................................................................................................... 151
19. HTML5 − WEB MESSAGING ............................................................................................. 159
20. HTML5 − CORS ................................................................................................................ 162
21. HTML5 − WEB RTC........................................................................................................... 166
8
1. HTML5 − Overview HTML5
HTML5 is the next major revision of the HTML standard superseding HTML 4.01, XHTML
1.0, and XHTML 1.1. HTML5 is a standard for structuring and presenting content on the
World Wide Web.
HTML5 is a cooperation between the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the Web
Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG).
The new standard incorporates features like video playback and drag-and-drop that have
been previously dependent on third-party browser plug-ins such as Adobe Flash, Microsoft
Silverlight, and Google Gears.
Browser Support
The latest versions of Apple Safari, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Opera all support
many HTML5 features and Internet Explorer 9.0 will also have support for some HTML5
functionality.
The mobile web browsers that come pre-installed on iPhones, iPads, and Android phones
all have excellent support for HTML5.
New Features
HTML5 introduces a number of new elements and attributes that can help you in building
modern websites. Here is a set of some of the most prominent features introduced in
HTML5.
New Semantic Elements: These are like <header>, <footer>, and <section>.
Forms 2.0: Improvements to HTML web forms where new attributes have been
introduced for <input> tag.
Persistent Local Storage: To achieve without resorting to third-party plugins.
WebSocket : A next-generation bidirectional communication technology for web
applications.
Server-Sent Events: HTML5 introduces events which flow from web server to the
web browsers and they are called Server-Sent Events (SSE).
Canvas: This supports a two-dimensional drawing surface that you can program
with JavaScript.
Audio & Video: You can embed audio or video on your webpages without resorting
to third-party plugins.
Geolocation: Now visitors can choose to share their physical location with your
web application.
9
Description:For most of the examples given in this tutorial you will find Try it option, so just make use of this option to execute your HTML5 programs at the spot and enjoy your learning. Try following example using Try it option available at the top right corner of the below sample code box −. . .
