How to Help Your Child Excel in Math

254 Pages·2001·6.49 MB·English

by  Brita Immergut

YOUR CHILD
BY
B R I T AI M M E R Q U T
CAREER
P R E S S
FRANKLILNA KES, NJ
Copyright 02 001 by Brita Immergut
All rights reserved under the Pan-American and International
Copyright Conventions. This book may not be reproduced, in
whole or in part, in any form or by any means electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any in-
formation storage and retrieval system now known or hereaf-
ter invented, without written permission from the publisher,
The Career Press.
The original dictionary was completed in 1994 with COPE (Col-
lege Opportunity to Prepare for Employment) funds.
How TO HELPY OURC HILDE XCEILN MATH
Cover design by Foster & Foster
Edited by Jodi L. Brandon
Typeset by Eileen Munson
Printed in the U.S.A. by Book-mart Press
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Library of Congress Cat a1 oging-in- Pub1i ca t ion Data
Immergut, Brita.
How to help your child excel in math : an A to Z survival
guide /by Brita Immergut.
p. cm.
ISBN 1-56414-528-X (paper)
1. Mathematics-Study and teaching. I. Title.
QA11 ,1434 2001
510-dc21
00-050713

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FOREWORD 11
GLOSSARY 13
C
APPENDI1X 19
Numbers
APPENDI2X 21
0
Translations
APPEND3IX 23
Properties N
DICTIONARY 25
A €3 T
Abscissa 25 Bar graph 40
Absolute value 26 Base 40
E
Acute angle 27 Basic operations 42
Addends 27 Binary 43
Addition 27 Binomial 45
Addition method 27 Bisector 45 N
Additive identity element 29
C
Adjacent angles 29
artesian coordinate
Age problems 30 T
system 46
Algebra 30
Celsius 47
Algebraic equation 31
Centi- 47
Algebraic expression 31
Central angle 47 5
Algorithm 31
Chord 48
Alternate angles 32
Circle 48
Altitude 33
Circle graph 50
Angle 33
Circumference 51
Approximation 34
Circumscribed figure 51
Arc 34
Closed curve 52
Area 35
Coefficient 52
Arithmetic 37
Collinear 52
Arithmetic mean 37
Combining llike terms 54
Associative law 37
Common denominator 55
Average 38
Common factor 55
Axis (Axes) 38
Common Eractions 56
Common multiple 56 Denominator 79
Commutative operations 56 Dependent variable 80
Complementary angles 57 Diagonal 80
Completing the square 57 Diameter 80
Complex fractions 58 Difference 81
Composite number 59 Digits 81
Compound interest 59 Distance 81
Compounding period 60 Distributive property 83
Concave 61 Dividend 83
Concentric 61 Divisibility rules 84
Congruent 62 Division 84
Conjugate law 62 Divisor 84
Consecutive even integers 63 E
Consecutive integers 63
Edge 85
Consecutive odd integers 63
Elimination method 85
Constant 63
English standard system
Constant term 64
of measurement 85
Convex 64
Equation 85
Coordinate geometry 64
Equilateral triangle 86
Coordinate plane 66
Equivalent equations 86
Coordinate system 67
Equivalent fractions 86
Coordinates 67
Estimation 87
Corresponding 67
Evaluate 87
Counting numbers 68
Even number 87
Cross multiplication 68
Exact number 87
Cube 69
Expanded form 88
Cube root 69
Exponent 88
Customary (English) system
of measurement 70 Exponential notation 92
Expression 92
D
F
Deca- 71
Deci- 71 Face 93
Decimal numbers 71 Factor 93
Decimal point 77 Factor tree 93
Decimal system 78 Factoring (Factorization) 94
Decrease 78 Fahrenheit 98
Degree 78 FOIL 98
Fraction bar 98 Inverse operations 126
Fractions 99 Invert 127
Function 107 Irrational numbers 127
Isosceles triangle 128
G
K
Geometry 108
Gram 108 Kilo 128
Graph 108 L
Gra ph ing 109
Laws 129
Greater than 111
Least (or lowest) common
Greatest common factor
denominator (LCD) 129
W F ) 112
Least common multiple
Grouping symbols 112
(LCM) 129
H
Legs 130
Hecto 113 Length 131
Height 113 Lessthan 131
Heptagon 114 Like terms 131
Hexagon 114 Line 132
Horizontal line 114 Line segment 132
Hypo tenuse 114 Linear equation 132
Liter 133
I
Long division 133
Identity elements
115 Lowest terms 135
Imaginary numbers 115
M
Improper fraction 115
Increase 115 Magnitude 136
Independent variable 116 Mass 136
Indeterminate 116 Mean 136
Index of roots 116 Measurements 137
Inequalities 117 Median 137
Inscribed 119 Meter 138
Integers 120 Metric system 138
Intercepts 123 Midpoint 143
Interest 124 Mixed number 143
Interior 125 Mixture problems 144
Intersection 125 Mode 145
Inverse 126 Monomials 146
More than 147 Pentagon 159
Motion (Rate) problems 147 Percent 160
Mu1t iple 149 Perfect cubes 165
Mu1t iplication 149 Perfect squares 166
Multiplicative inverse 149 Perimeter 167
N Perpendicular lines 167
Pi (x) 168
Natural numbers 150
Pie graph (pie chart) 168
Negative exponents 150
Place value 169
Negative numbers 150
Plane 169
Nonagon 151
Plotting points 170
Nonterminating decimals 151
Point 170
Number 151
Point-slope form 171
Number line 151
Polygon 172
Number problems 152
Polynomials 172
Numeral 153
Positive integers 175
Numeration systems 153
Positive numbers 175
Numerator 153
Power 175
Numerical coefficient 153
Powers of 10 176
Numerical equation 154
Prefix 176
Numerical expression 154
Prime factor 177
0 Prime factorization 177
Obtuse angle 154 Prime number 177
Octagon 154 Principal 178
Odd numbers 155 Principal square root 178
Operation 155 Probability 178
Opposites 155 Product 179
Order of operations 155 Proper fraction 179
Ordered pair 156 Properties 179
Ordinate 156 Proportion 179
Origin 157 Protractor 179
Pythagorean theorem 180
P
Pythagorean triplets 180
Parabola 158
Q
Parallel lines 158
Parallelogram 159 Quadrants 181
Parentheses 159 Quadratic equation 181
Quadratic formula 183
Quadrilateral 183
Satis& an equation 202
Quotient 183
Scales 202
R Scientific notation 202
Secant 203
Radical 184
Sector 203
Radical equations 185
Segment 204
Radicand 186
Semicircle 204
Radius (Radii) 186
Set 204
Rate 187
Signed numbers 205
Rate problems 187
Similar fipres 205
Ratio 188
Similarity ratio 205
Ratio and proportion
Simple interest 205
problems 188
Simplify 206
Rational equations 189
Simultaneous equations 206
Rational expression 190
Slope 209
Rational numbers 193
Slope-intercept form 209
Rationalizing 193
Solving linear equations 210
Ray 195
Square 212
Reading numbers 195
Square root 213
Real numbers 196
Statistics 214
Reciprocal 196
Substitute: 214
Rectangle 196
Substitution method 214
Rectangular coordinate
Subtraction 214
system 197
Sum 215
Reducing fractions 197
Supplementary angles 215
Reflection 197
Symbol 215
Regular polygons 198
Symmetric 215
Related pairs 198
System of equations 215
Remainder 198
Repeating decimals 198 T
Rhombus 199 Tally 216
Right angle 199 Tangent 216
Right triangle 199 Temperature 216
Root 200 Term 217
Rounding 201 Terminating decimals 218
Translations 218