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DRAW
IN
AND
PEN
INK
A
STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
SUSAN MEYER
E.
AND
MARTIM
AVILLEZ
A NOTED ART AUTHOR
AND INTERNATIONALLY
RENOWNED
ILLUSTRATOR
DEMONSTRATE TECHNIQUES
AND TOOLS FOR STUDENTS,
AMATEURS, PROFESSIONAL
AND
ILLUSTRATORS,
FINE ARTISTS
itral
rary
Boston Public Library
MA
Boston, 02116
How
Draw
to in
MID
PEN
INK
How
Draw
to in
AND
PEN
INK
by Susan Meyer
E.
Martim
Avillez
A Roundtable Press Book
Collier Books/Macmillan Publishing Company/New York
A Roundtable Press Book
Edited by Betty Vera
Designed byJerry Demoney
Jacketdesign by Jackie Merri Meyer
Copyright© 1 985 by Roundtable Press, Inc.
All drawings are copyrighted inthe name ofthe individual artists, and all
drawings are reproduced withtheirpermission. The following drawings ap-
peared previously in otherpublicationsoradvertisements:
Avillez: pp2, 8, 18-19, 30-31 66-67, Harper'sMagazine; 10-11, 42-43,
,
54-55, 74, 76-77, 86-87, 110-111,1 34-1 35, TheNew York Times. Aris-
man: p 39, PoliticksMagazine/UrbanJournal. Banfield: p65, Boston Globe
Magazine. Blechman: p 37, Adweek. Brenner: p 14, WindmillSummerby
Hila Feil, Harper & Row. Chwast: p75, Car Classics issue of Pushpin Graphic.
Gaffney-Kessell: p 1 7, TheSecretLifeofCats, Byron Press. Giovanopoulos:
p 63, New YorkMagazine. Holland: p 1 30, Human Scandals, T.Y. Crowell.
Jeffers: p27, AllthePrettyHorses, Macmillan Publishing Company. Levine:
p 73, reprinted with permission from TheNew York ReviewofBooks, copy-
right® 1 984 Nyrev, Inc. Courtesy Forum Gallery. Macaulay: p81 , Pyramid,
Houghton-Mifflin Company. Moss: p 108, ® G. Moss and Washington Post
Writers Group. Sandford: p61 - Harlan Hogan-Wordsworth for ThePro-
,
ducers'Calendar. Santore: p91 ad for TVGuide ®Triangle. Schwarz:
,
p 1 31 , ad forCovington Square Condominiums. Seaver: p 1 3, invitationto
Artists and Models Ball; p 25, ad for Penta Hotels. Sorel: p23, VistaMaga-
zine. Steadman: p29, TheNewStatesman. Tinkelman: pp 1 20-1 21 , Rodeo
DrawingsofMurray Tinkelman, Art Direction Book Company. Unruh: pp 52-
53, annual reportfor SUPRON. Wrightson: p82, Frankensteinby Mary Shel-
ley, Marvel Comics Group. Ziering: p41 , ad for TVGuide, ®Triangle.
All rights reserved. No partofthis book may be reproduced ortransmitted in
anyform or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without per-
mission in writing fromthe Publisher.
Macmillan Publishing Company
866 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022
Collier Macmillan Canada, Inc.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data:
Meyer, Susan E.
Howto draw in pen and ink.
1 . Drawing—Technique. I. Avillez, Martim.
II. Title.
NC730.M45 1985 741.2'6 85-15199
987654321
ISBN 0-02-01 1920-8
10
FirstCollier Books Edition 1 985
Printed inthe United States of America
HowtoDrawinPenandInkis also available in a hardcoveredition published
by Macmillan Publishing Company.
1
Acknowledgments
The efforts of numerous individuals contributed to busy artists, and we are very grateful to those agents
making this book both a valuable instructional tool and who reduced these annoyances to a minimum. In par-
a running gallery of the outstanding contemporary ticular, Bella Fishko at the Forum Gallery (representing
masters of pen and ink. David Levine), Whit Stillman of Edward T. Riley, Inc.
Our heartfelt thanks go to Steve Heller of The New (agent for Elliott Banfield and Pierre Le-Tan), and Dilys
York Times for directing us to so many gifted "black- Evans (representing Walter Gaffney-Kessell) gave us
and-white" artists and to Murray Tinkelman for intro- their most courteous assistance.
ducing us to his colleagues as well. Both were quick to The twenty-nine artists represented here have
share their knowledge, a measure of their genuine greatly enhanced this volume by bringing to it the wide
enthusiasm for the field, and we are ever grateful. diversity of approaches possible in pen and ink. The
In acquiring the drawings for the book, we were cooperation of the following artists is gratefully
reluctant to interrupt the active schedules of so many acknowledged:
Marshall Arisman, page 39
Elliott Banfield, page 65
R.O. Blechman, page 37
Fred Brenner, page 1 4
Seymour Chwast, page 75
Joe Ciardiello, page 34
Alan E. Cober, page 1 09
Walter Gaffney-Kessell, page 1 7
Gerry Gersten, page 33
1
Paul Giovanopoulos, page 63
Brad Holland, page 1 30
Susan Jeffers, page 27
Victor Juhasz, page 1 32
Pierre Le-Tan, page 47
David Levine, page 73
David Macaulay, page 81
Geoffrey Moss, page 08
1
John Sandford, page 61
Charles Santore, page 91
Jill Karla Schwarz, page 131
Jeff Seaver, pages 1 3, 25
Edward Sorel, page 23
James Spanfeller, page 49
Ralph Steadman, page 29
Murray Tinkelman, pages 1 20-1 2
Jack Unruh, pages 52-53
Berni Wrightson, page 82
Jon Zahourek, page 34
Robert Ziering, pages 40-41
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
. 1 1
Contents
Acknowledgments 5 4. Tones withPenandInk 43 7. ProportionsandPerspective 77
Flattones, 44 Flattones Measuring, 78 Measuring
Introduction 9 with parallel lines, 44 height, 78 Measuring
Value scales, 45 Flat tones width, 78 Measuring
1 Materialsand Tools 1 with cross-hatching, 46 internal dimensions, 79
Pens, 1 2 C Metal pen points, Crosshatched value scale, 46 Establishing slope, 79
12 Penholders, 12 Flattones with stippling, Guidelines, 79 Relative
Fountain pens, 12 D 48 Graded tones, 50 proportions, 79
Technical pens, 12 D Graded tones with parallel Perspective, 80 Linear
Ballpoint and felttip pens, 1 2 lines, 50 Graded tones perspective, 80 Eye level
Brushes, 1 5 Inks, 1 5 with cross-hatching, 51 and horizon line, 80
Pen wipers, 1 5 Papers, 1 5 Graded tones with stippling, 52 Overlapping shapes, 80
Drawing board, 16 D Combining techniques, 52 Aerial perspective, 82
Tape, 16 D Pencils and Selecting a viewpoint, 84
erasers, 16 D Ruler or 5. BasicShapesin Lineand Tone 55 The close-up viewpoint, 84
straightedge, 1 6 Opaque Light and shade, 56 D The distant viewpoint, 85
white, 16 G Knife, 16 Simple shapes in light and Bird's eye view, 85
Lighting, 1 6 shade, 56 Drawing boxes Worm's eye view, 85
and cubes, 58 Straight
2. WarmingUp 19 lines, 58 Drawing 8. Composing the Drawing87
Setting up, 20 Holding the spherical shapes, 60 D The Unity and balance, 88
pen, 20 Begin by doodling, egg, 60 Other shapes, 62 Selecting the subject, 88
21 Straight lines, 22 Cones and cylinders, 62 Selecting the details, 88
Uneven straight lines, 24 Simple still life objects, 64 Shape and unity, 89 Unity
Dots and dashes, 25 Texture and color, 64 and shapes, 90 Unity
Curved lines, even pressure, through repetition of shape,
26 Curved lines, uneven 6. Techniques with the Brush 67 90 Unity through contrast
pressure, 26 Expressive Practice with the brush, 68 in shape, 90 Unity through
lines, 28 Irregular lines, 28 Line practice, 68 [ Vary contrast in size, 90 Unity
Lines with personality, 28 the paper, 69 Drybrush, and values, 92 Balancing
D Review your work, 28 70 Split-hairbrush, 71 lights and darks, 92 El
Solid blacks, 72 Broken Organizing the values, 92
!
3. PenDrawingin Outline 3 blacks, 72 U Combining Positive and negative shapes,
Outline drawing with uniform brush and pen, 74 93 Movement, 94
line, 32 Select a simple Horizontal movement, 94
object, 32 Accented Vertical movement, 94
outline drawing, 35 Diagonal movement, 95
Broken outlines, 36 Blind Centerof interest, 96 D
contourdrawing, 38 Blind Emphasis with details, 96
contour exercise, 38 Emphasis with contrast, 96
Gesture drawing, 39
9. StillLife Drawing 99
Selecting the subject, 100
The narrative factor, 100
Composing the still life, 1 02
Four arrangements, 102
^
Lighting the still life, 104 1
'^0kSJ
Composing the light, 104 7
Rendering the com-
position, 1 05
10. Drawing from Photographs 111
Drawing from a postcard,
1 1 2 Outline drawing from
the photograph, 1 1 4 *^T7?
Tonal drawing from the
photograph, 1 1 5
Interpreting the photograph,
1 1 6 First variation, 1 1 7
Two more variations, 1 1 8
Technical reference, 1 1 8
11. Figure Drawing 123
Simple figures, 1 24 Where
to begin, 1 24 Drawing the
head, 1 24 The moving
figure, 125 Seated figure
drawn in tone, 1 26 The
pencil sketch, 1 26 First
inking, 1 26 Final inking,
126 Seated figure in line,
128 Head in light and
shade, 129
12. Drawing Outdoors 135
Landscape features, 136
Setting up, 1 36 Drawing
landscape details, 136
Drawing outdoors step by
step, 138
Index 142
