How It Works Book of the Human Body - 18th Edition 2022

166 Pages·2022·37 MB·English

W

HUMAN ANATOMY THE BODY AT WORK CURIOUS QUESTIONS
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Explore the
muscle system Seeing How
inside enzymes
the keep you
body alive
How
disease
spreads
OVER
500
Inside a
BOOK OF
AMAZING human heart
THE
FACTS
HUMANA look Uncover the
inside science of DNA
the eye
BODY
The immune
system
The lungs
explained
Everything you need to know about the human body
Understand What does the
brain cells Anwahlyitsein g The future spinal cord do?
blood cells of medicine
Growing
human hair
Inside the
human
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EIGHTEEEDITION PACKED FULL OF FASCINATING FACTS, IMAGES & ILLUSTRATIONS

Welcome to
BOOK OF
THE
HUMAN
BODY
The human body is truly an amazing thing. Capable of awe-inspiring feats of
speed and agility, while being mind-blowing in complexity, our bodies are
unmatched by any other species on Earth. In this new edition of the Book
of the Human Body, we explore our amazing anatomy in fine detail before
delving into the intricacies of the complex processes, functions and systems
that keep us going. For instance, did you know you really have 16 senses?
We also explain the weirdest and most wonderful bodily phenomena, from
blushing to hiccuping, cramps to jaundice. We will tour the human body from
skull to metatarsal, using anatomical illustrations, amazing photography
and authoritative explanations to teach you more. This book will help you
understand the wonder that is the human body and in no time you will begin
to see yourself in a whole new light!

THE
HUMAN
BODY
Future PLC Quay House, The Ambury, Bath, BA1 1UA
How it Works Book of the Human Body Editorial
Compiled by Drew Sleep & Newton Ribeiro
Senior Art Editor Andy Downes
Head of Art & Design Greg Whitaker
Editorial Director Jon White
How It Works Editorial
Editor Ben Biggs
Content Director Gemma Lavender
Senior Art Editor Duncan Crook
Cover images
Getty, DK images, Dreamstime
Photography
All copyrights and trademarks are recognised and respected
Advertising
Media packs are available on request
Commercial Director Clare Dove
International
Head of Print Licensing Rachel Shaw
[email protected]
www.futurecontenthub.com
Circulation
Head of Newstrade Tim Mathers
Production
Head of Production Mark Constance
Production Project Manager Matthew Eglinton
Advertising Production Manager Joanne Crosby
Digital Editions Controller Jason Hudson
Production Managers Keely Miller, Nola Cokely,
Vivienne Calvert, Fran Twentyman
Printed in the UK
Distributed by Marketforce, 5 Churchill Place, Canary Wharf, London, E14 5HU
www.marketforce.co.uk Tel: [phone]
How it Works Book of the Human Body Seventeenth Edition (HIB4567)
© 2022 Future Publishing Limited
We are committed to only using magazine paper which is derived from responsibly managed,
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All contents © 2022 Future Publishing Limited or published under licence. All rights reserved.
No part of this magazine may be used, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any way without
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Future plc is a public Chief executive Zillah Byng-Thorne
company quoted on the Non-executive chairman Richard Huntingford
London Stock Exchange Chief financial officer Penny Ladkin-Brand
(symbol: FUTR)
www.futureplc.com Tel [phone]
Part of the
bookazine series
CONTENTS
A-Z of the human body
064 How the pancreas works
066 The urinary system
008 A-Z of the human body
008 068 Inside the human stomach
Brain cells 070 The human hand
072 How your feet work
074 Hacking the human body
Human anatomy
048
018 50 amazing body facts
How your
026 Human cells muscles
work
028 Inside a nucleus
029 What are stem cells?
030 The human brain
034 The science of vision The body at work
036 How ears work
082 The science of sleep
038 Anatomy of the neck
090 Human digestion explained
040 The human skeleton
092 Human respiration
042 The skull
094 Dehydration / Sweating
043 Vocal cords
095 How wounds heal
044 The human spine
052
096 The immune system
046 How the body moves
Heartbeats
157 100 How old is your body?
048 How muscles work
How fat 102 Pregnancy
050 Skin senses works
104 Hyperthermia vs Hypothermia
051 Skin colour / Skin grafts
106 Bacteria vs virus
052 The human heartbeat
107 What is saliva?
054 Anatomy of facial expressions
108 Neurotransmitters and
055 The spleen your feelings
056 Human kidneys 109 Brain cells
058 How the liver works 110 White blood cells
060 The small intestine 112 The science of genetics
062 The human ribcage 117 What is anxiety?
6
Curious questions 112
DNA &
134 Left or right brained? genetics
092
136 Brain freeze
Human
respiration 137 Runny nose / Coma

138 Sore throat / Ears pop /
Freckles
139 Memory / Toothpaste /
Epidurals
140 Blushing / Nerves / Fainting
141 Tinnitus / Brain growth
096
142 Keratin / Lightening hair

The immune
143 What powers your cells?
system
144 How anaesthesia works
145 Decongestants / Plasma
146 Enzymes / Love
147 Heart rhythms / Adam’s apple

148 Grumbling stomachs
149 Blisters / Bruises
150 Brain Control / Laughing me;
mstimy
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155 M igraines / Eye drops
102
156 Paper cuts / Pins and needles
Stages of
pregnancy
157 Aching muscles / Fat hormone
158 Stress / Cracking knuckles
159 What causes insomnia?
034
The inner
workings
of the eye
118 Circulatory system

120 How your blood works

124 Blood vessels /
Hyperventilation
135 Sensitive teeth / Jaundice
126 Hormones
128 The sensory system
7
A-Z OF THE HUMAN BODY
A-Z
of the
humAn
body
Take a tour of your anatomy with
our head-to-toe guide
8
DID YOU KNOW? There are 206 bones in the human body, including 28 in the skull, 32 in each arm, and 31 in each leg
Alveoli Gas exchange
Gases are swapped
at the surface of the
alveoli – they travel
a
As an adult, your lungs lungs in order to maximise the use in or out of the
have a total surface area of the available volume in the capillary by diffusion.
of around 50 square chest. When you breathe in, they
Red blood cells
metres. That’s around a quarter of expand, filling with air. The
Blood cells move
the size of a tennis court! Packing surfaces of the alveoli are just one through the
all of that into your chest is no cell thick and surrounded by tiny capillaries in single
file, picking up oxygen
mean feat, and the body does it blood vessels called capillaries,
and dropping carbon
using structures called alveoli. allowing gases to diffuse easily in dioxide as they go.
They look a little bit like bunches and out of the blood with each
of grapes, packed tightly inside the breath you take.
Understanding alveoli

How does your body pack such a huge
surface area inside your chest?
Branching
The lungs are branched
like trees, packing as
many alveoli as possible
into a small space. Surfactant Capillary
Some of the pneumocytes Tiny blood
produce a surfactant, a vessels run
fluid similar to washing-up close to the
liquid, which coats the walls of the
alveoli and stops them alveoli.
sticking together.
Pneumocytes
The alveoli are made from
thin, flat cells called
pneumocytes, minimising
the distance that gases
have to travel.
Alveolus
Each individual air sac
in the lungs is known
as an alveolus.
Brain Cornea
c
b The brain is not The
just the most cornea
complex is the
structure in the protective coating that
human body, keeps your eye free of
but it is also the dust and debris. It looks
most complex clear but is actually
object in the made up of several
known universe. It layers of cells. Light bends
contains an estimated 86 slightly as it passes through
billion nerve cells, each of the cornea, helping to focus
which makes hundreds, or incoming rays on the back of your eye.
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9