Homer: Iliad Book 22

221 Pages·2012·1.27 MB·English

by  de Jong

CAMBRIDGE GREEK AND LATIN CLASSICS
G E
P. E. E
RegiusProfessorEmeritusofGreek,UniversityofCambridge
P H
SeniorResearchFellow,TrinityCollege,andHonoraryProfessorofLatin,
UniversityofCambridge
R H
RegiusProfessorofGreek,UniversityofCambridge
E. J. K
KennedyProfessorEmeritusofLatin,UniversityofCambridge
S. P. O
KennedyProfessorofLatin,UniversityofCambridge

HOMER
I L I A D
BOOK XXII
 
IRENE J. F. DE JONG
ProfessorofAncientGreek
UniversityofAmsterdam
  
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(cid:2) IreneJ.F.deJong
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AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationdata
Homer.
[Iliad.Book]
Iliad.BookXXII/Homer;editedbyIreneJ.F.deJong.
p. cm.–(CambridgeGreekandLatinclassics)
TextinGreek;introductionandcommentaryinEnglish.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindexes.
----(hardback)–----(paperback)
.Achilles(Greekmythology)–Poetry. .TrojanWar–Poetry. .Homer.Iliad.Book.
I.Jong,IreneJ.F.de. II.Title. III.Series.
. 
′.–dc 
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----Paperback
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CONTENTS
Preface pagevii
Listofabbreviations ix
Introduction 
. Homer,theHomericepics,andliteraryinterpretation 
(a) Homer 
(b) TheHomericepics 
(c) Theliteraryinterpretationofanoraltext 
. BookandthestructureoftheIliad 
(a) Lengthandpace 
(b) TheplotoftheIliad:Zeus’swillandAchilles’anger 
(c) Parallelsbetweenbooks,,and 
(d) TheinterrelateddeathsofSarpedon,Patroclus,andHector 
(e) Achilles 
. Narrativeartandoralstyle 
(a) Narratorandnarratees 
(b) Comparisonsandsimiles 
(c) Epithets 
. Language,metre,andtext 
(a) Language 
(b) Metre 
(c) Text 
(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8) 
Commentary 
Bibliography 
Indexes 
v

PREFACE
SomethirtyyearsagoIappliedforagranttowriteathesisthatwouldconsistofa
commentaryonIliad.Iwasnotawardedthegrantandwhenarumourstarted
to spread that a team under the supervision of Geoffrey Kirk was preparing
a commentary on the whole Iliad I turned my attention to another topic, the
applicationofnarratologytoHomer.Giventhishistory,itwaswithgreatjoythat
IacceptedtheinvitationoftheserieseditorsPatEasterlingandRichardHunter
towritea‘GreenandYellow’onthisverybook.
Ihavefocusedontwoaspectsinthiscommentary:Homer’slanguage(espe-
ciallyhisoralsyntax,themeaningofwords,andthefunctionofparticles)and
narrativestyle(forinstancethestructureofscenes,therelationshipofnarrator
and characters, and the directing of the narratees’ emotional response). Much
importantworkhasbeendoneinthefieldofthelanguageoftheHomericepics
inthelastdecades.Thus,theinvaluableLexikondesfru¨hgriechischenEposwasfinally
completedin,andthistreasure-troveofinformationdeservestobeintro-
duced more fully into English-speaking Homeric scholarship. I feel a special
attachment to this formidable instrument because I spent a very pleasant and
formativeyearasstipendiaryinHamburg,workingonlemmatalike(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:13)and
(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:19). Our understanding of Greek particles has advanced greatly since the
publicationofDenniston’sstandardtext,notleast,ifsomechauvinismisallowed,
thankstotheworkofDutchscholarson(cid:20)(cid:17),(cid:21)(cid:17)(cid:22),(cid:23)(cid:24)(cid:25),(cid:26)(cid:24),and(cid:27)(cid:22)(cid:28).Finally,the
insighthasdawnedthatweshouldapproachtheoralsyntaxofHomersomewhat
differentlyfromthatoflater,writtentexts.Itisaflowthroughtimeratherthana
structureonthespaceofapage,andkeepingthisprincipleinmindcanhelpus
toappreciateandbetterunderstandtheconstructionofhissentences.
Where the literary interpretation of Homer is concerned, a commentator
finds herself in a land of plenty: the quantity of excellent scholarship is simply
overwhelming. I have tried to summarise what I have read over the last thirty
yearsasclearlyandattractivelyaspossible.Ofcourse,Ihaveprofitedconsiderably
from the work of earlier commentators: Ameis-Hentze, Leaf, Richardson, and
therecentBaslerKommentar(thoughnotyetforbook).
The introductory sections are geared to students and offer no more than a
state-of-the-artsummaryofsomecentralaspectsofHomericscholarship.Biblio-
graphicalreferencesshouldleadthewaytomorein-depthdiscussions.Wherethe
commentaryisconcernedIhopetofacilitateandenrichstudents’readingofthe
Homerictext,whileatthesametimeproposingnewinsightsandspringboards
fornewinterpretationsorresearchtoprofessionalclassicists.
In writing this commentary I have been very fortunate in my readers and
advisers.Inthefirstplace,PatEasterlingandRichardHunterofferedcomments
on yearly instalments of my draft quickly, cheerfully, and expertly. Where the
minutiaeoftheHomericlanguageandmetrewereconcerned,Iwashappyto
vii
viii PREFACE
be able to consult my former colleague Frits Waanders. Three colleagues and
friendsreadtheentiredraft:RutgerAllan,MarietjevanErpTaalmanKip,and
SebastiaanvanderMije.Theysavedmefrommanyerrors,andtheirperceptive
questionsandconstructiveremarkshelpedmetorethinkmytextatinnumerable
places.IwouldalsoliketothankElizabethUpperforpolishingmyEnglish.Itake
fullresponsibilityforallremaininginfelicitiesofexpression.Thecross-references
werecheckedbyDavidvanEijndhovenand(again)MarietjevanErpTaalman
Kip. I also owe much gratitude to Dr. Andrew Dyck for his exemplary copy-
editing.AgrantoftheLoebClassicalLibraryFoundationallowedmetofinish
theMSinatermwithoutteachingobligations.
Aspecialwordofthanksisduetooneofmyreaders.ThethesisonIliad
that I referred to earlier was designed as a two-person project for Sebastiaan
vanderMijeandmyself.Althoughthatprojectwasneverrealisedandwehave
neverofficiallyworkedtogether,hehasreadandcommentedupondraftversions
of much of my work in the past thirty years. I have no hesitation in claiming
thathisacuteeye,literarysensibility,andunfailinggenerosityinsharinghistime
andideaswithmehavegreatlycontributedtoitsquality.Itisthereforewiththe
greatestpleasureandgratitudethatIdedicatethisbooktohim.
Amsterdam I.J.F.d.J.
August
ABBREVIATIONS
BK Bierl,A.,Latacz,J.,eds.HomersIliasGesamtkommentar(Basler
Kommentar)
Latacz,J.,Nu¨nlist,R.,Stoevesandt,M..Band.ErsterGesang,
Mu¨nchen-Leipzig
Bru¨gger,C.,Stoevesandt,M.,Visser,E..BandII.Zweiter
Gesang,Mu¨nchen-Leipzig
Krieter-Spiro,M..BandIII.DritterGesang,Berlin-NewYork
Stoevesandt,M..BandIV.SechsterGesang,Berlin-NewYork
Coray,M..BandVI.NeunzehnterGesang,Berlin-NewYork
Bru¨gger,C..BandVIII.VierundzwanzigsterGesang,Berlin-New
York
DELG Chantraine,P..Dictionnaire´etymologiquedelalangueGrecque,Paris
GH Chantraine,P.–.GrammaireHom´erique,I-II,rdedn,Paris
GP Denniston,J.P..TheGreekParticles,ndedn,Oxford
KG Ku¨hner,R.,Gerth,B.–.Ausfu¨hrlicheGrammatikder
griechischenSprache.ZweiterTeil:Satzlehre,I-II,rdedn,
Hannover-Leipzig
LfgrE –.Lexikondesfru¨hgriechischenEpos,Go¨ttingen
LIMC Ackermann,H.C.,Gisler,J.R.,eds.–.Lexicon
IconographicumMythologiaeClassicae,Zu¨rich
scholia Erbse,H.–.ScholiaGraecainHomeriIliadem,Berlin,NewYork
ThefollowingeditionsofandcommentariesontheIliadorOdysseyarereferred
tobynameofauthor(s)only
Ameis-Hentze Ameis,K.F.,Hentze,C..HomersIliasfu¨rden
Schulgebraucherkla¨rt,Gesang–,thedn,Leipzig-Berlin
Edwards Edwards,M.W..TheIliad.ACommentary.Vol.V:
Books–,Cambridge
Janko Janko,R..TheIliad.ACommentary,Vol.IV:Books–,
Cambridge
deJong deJong,I.J.F..ANarratologicalCommentaryontheOdyssey,
Cambridge
Kirk Kirk,G.S..TheIliad.ACommentary,Vol.I:Books–,
Cambridge
.TheIliad.ACommentary,Vol.II:Books–,Cambridge
Leaf Leaf,W.–.TheIliadI-II,ndedn,London
Macleod Macleod,C.W.. Homer:IliadBookxxiv,Cambridge
ix
x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Pulleyn Pulleyn,S..Homer,IliadBookOne,Oxford
Richardson Richardson,N.J..TheIliad.ACommentary,Vol.VI:
Books–,Cambridge
West West,M.L.,.HomerusIlias,–,Stuttgart-Leipzig