Home Security Projects for Arduino

65 Pages·2015·8.32 MB·English

by  Tim Rustige

Home Secu rity Projects
for Arduino
Tim Rustige
Home Security Projects for Arduino
© Tim Rustige
First edition: June 2015
Published by TR Computers Limited.
All Trademarks & Registered Trademarks are hereby acknowledged.
The electronic design of the Arduino boards is open source (Creative Commons
CC-SA-BY License) the Arduino name, logo and the graphics design of its boards
are a protected trademark of Arduino LLC.
Raspberry Pi and the Raspberry Pi I:ogo are registered trademarks of the Raspberry
Pi Foundation.
All rights reserved. No part of this book or any of the software featured may be
reproduced or translated in any forml without the prior written consent of the
author.
Disclaimer: Whilst every effort has been made to ensure all the information
contained in this book is accurate, the author & publisher can accept no liability for
any consequential loss or damage, however caused, arising as a result of using the
information contained.
Table of Contents
Introduction.
Connecting a PIR module to the Arduino.
Setup the Arduino software.
Setup Python on your PC
Python on Windows PCs.
Setting up a spare Gmail account.
Python script with email function.
How to grab an image from a webcam in Python.
Capture a photo & email it as an attachment.
Connect a magnetic door sensor to the Arduino
Setup the Arduino software for door sensor.
Setup Python with door sensor on your PC
Python door sensor example on Windows pes.
Python door alarm script with email function.
How to grab an image from a webcam in Python.
Capture a photo & email it as an attachment.
Part 2 81)" Going Wireless
How to connect the NRF24LOl + to Arduino
Cabling diagram for Arduino Uno R3 wireless PIR
Cabling diagram for an Arduino Nano wireless PIR.
Installing ManiacBug's RF24 library for Arduino.
Upload PIR transmitter code to the Arduino.
Upload receiver code to a 2nd Arduino.
Setting up a spare Gmail account.
Python script with email function to run on your PC.
Arduino Uno R3 wireless magnetic door sensor
Arduino Nano with wireless magnetic door sensor
Upload transmitter code to the Arduino for magdoor.
Python code for wireless magnetic door sensor.
Python code for wireless PIR & door sensor to email.
Connect a LDR light sensor to the Arduino
Arduino analog input pins.
Make a wireless Arduino LDR light sensor.
Sketch code for wireless Arduino LDR light sensor.
Python code for wireless Arduino LDR light sensor.
Make a standalone battery powered beeping receiver.
Arduino & NRF24LOl receiver portable beeper Sketch.
Setting up Arduino IDE software on a Raspberry Pi.
Using the Python scripts on a Raspberry Pi
Python script to capture from Pi Camera module.
Something Else
Useful links:
Introduction.
Our kit allows you to connect PIR motion sensors & magnetic door sensors to the
USB port on your PC or Mac - via an Arduino board - and then receive alarm photos
on your smartphone, when theire triggered. Our full project kit contains everything
you'll need: Arduino compatible board, PIR sensor, magnetic door sensor, PDF
instructions, Arduino software and Python software. We also show you how to use
the inexpensive NRF24L01 + wireless boards for communications.
The Arduino compatible boards we use are the Uno R3 & Pro Nano clones with USB
ports. You write a small program - called a Sketch - on your PC and then upload it
to the Arduino board using the Arduino development software on your PC. The
uploaded program then runs on the Arduino board each time you power it up. If
you want to use the board for a different project, you just reprogram it with a new
Sketch via the USB port.
The boards have digital and analogue input/outputs: there are 13 digital pins,
which are like switches that can be on or off. So we can set one of the pins as an
input & connect a PIR module to it, and also set another of the pins as an output
and connect an LED to it (the LED we use is actually hard-wired onto the board).
We can then write a Sketch (the Arduino name for a program) that senses the PIR
motion sensor has been tripped and turns on the LED for 30 seconds.
There are also six analogue pins which can detect an input value between 0-1023.
These are useful if you want to connect a sensor that might have a range of values,
like a temperature, moisture or light sensor. Towards the end of this document we
show you how to read a light sensor.
The boards connect to the PC using the USB port. The USB port supplies the 5 volt
power required by the Arduino, and also the interface for reprogramming the board
with a new Sketch. The board can talk back to the PC over a USB serial interface,
which allows us to send a BDl-bmotion detectedBDK message back to the PC when
the PIR is triggered.
On the PC we're going to use the programming language Python to read the
sDl-bmotion detectedsDK message and then send an email alert to our phone, using
a Gmail account. We're using Python because it's available for Windows, Mac &
Linux pes. We've chosen Python 2.7.8, because some of the library functions we
need aren't yet available for the newer version Python 3.4.1
USB Arduino models can be powered by a PC, a USB mains adapter or a USB
battery pack.
Connecting a PIR module to the Arduino.
Here's how to connect the PIR module to the Uno R3 compatible board. If you lift
the dome off the PIR you'll see the pins are labelled. (Don't worry about wire
colours, just make sure you attach the three points together correctly.)
Here's how to connect the smaller Pro Nano board: GND to GND , OUT to 010 &
VCC to SV
Setup the Arduino software.
The latest version of the Arduino 1.0.6 software suite for Windows, Mac OSX &
Linux can be downloaded from http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
Once installed to your Windows PC, launch the software from the Desktop shortcut.
It will look like this:
Go to File Bt' Open & select the sketch called pir. Insert USB lead into the Arduino
& your PC.
Go to Tools st' Serial Port & select the serial port that appeared when you attached
the Arduino.
(make a note of the port number, COM8 in the red box, you'll need it later for the
Python scri pts)
Go to Tools st' Board & select either Arduino Uno ATmega328 (the larger board) or
Arduino Nano w/ ATmega328 (the smaller board).
You can now program the Arduino by clicking on the circle with a right-pointing
arrow in it.
Setup Python on your PC
As we mentioned in the introduction, we use the Python programming language on
the PC to read a serial input from the USB cable attached to the Arduino. We'll be
looking out for a BnfbMotion DetectedBnK message from the Arduino & connected
PIR module. When we see that message we'll perform an action. There are various
example scripts, each slightly more complex & useful.
We're going to use Python version 2.7.8 which is available for Windows, Mac &
Linux here:
https://www.python.org/download/releases/2. 7.8/
Please don't be tempted to down load the 64 bit or the newer 3.4.1 version, as the
libraries we're using won't work with it. Python 2.7.8 32 bit for Windows XP, Vista 7
& 8.1 is also on the DVD.
Here's what the Python IDLE (GUI) looks like:
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"
Type ·COPYf19bt.-. -c:redlils" or "llCC!l5e()" tor IfI(IfC 1:n.tOnMtl0n.
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RIST~RT
»>
ftotl0n d4~.c~.d Ion 54p 15 lO:50147 l014
TTue:
$CC • 8Ccl.1.~ri.ll'C~ft6· . 9600)
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DO'" .. c.1.e.cti.e1l
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We also need to install the PySeriallibrary pyserial-2.7.win32.exe (mdS) for Python
2.x (2.4 ... 2.7)
from https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyserial for Windows installs. This is also on the
DVD.
Python on Windows pes.
Launch Python 2.7 Bt' IDLE (Python GUI) from Windows Program menu. File Bt'
Open Bt' pirl.py
New window opens Bt' select Run Bt' Run Module
If you get an error, then you'll need to change the serial COM port number in the
pirl.py script to match the configuration on your pc. You can determine which USB
serial COM port number has been allocated to your Arduino in the bottom right of
the Arduino programming software screen.
Move in front of the PIR module & you should see the BOfbMotion DetectedBOK
message in the Python Shell screen.
Here's what the contents of Python script Pirl.py look like in case you want to type
it yourself:
i m port seria I
import time
while True:
ser = seriaI.Serial(,COM6', 9600)
message = ser. read( 15)
now = time.ctimeO
print(message + (' ') + now)
ser.closeO
time.sleep(lO)
The first two lines of the program setup the time & USB serial port functions. Then
we have the main loop of the program, which continues forever, or until you close
the Idle Python GUI window.
The first line of the main loop sets up the serial port, which you will almost certainly
have to change from COM6 to something else, like COMB or COM10, depending
what you found when you ran the Arduino software.
You can also see which COM port has been allocated to your Arduino board in
Windows XP under Control Panel Bt' System Bt' Hardware Bt' Device Manager Bt'
Ports (COM & LPT).
Try inserting the USB device into a different port on your PC if you don't see it
listed.
The next line reads 15 characters from the serial port into the variablemessage.
The next line reads the current time & date into the variablenow. Then the
variables get printed to the screen, the serial port gets closed & we wait ten
seconds while the PIR module resets.
Next, welll add email capabilities ..
Setting up a spare Gmail account.
The simplest way of sending emails & photos as attachments from your PC, is to
setup a new Gmail account for the PC to use, even if you already have an existing
Gmail account. For one thing, it gets you 15GB of new cloud storage for your alert
photos & secondly it removes the complication of generating application specific
passwords for other apps on your existing Gmail account.
You need to create the new Gmail account in the web browser on your PC or Mac
@
https://accounts.google.com/SignUp?service=mail
and note down the login & password for later.
Next, you need to set the new Gmail account to Enable BDl-bless secure apPsBDK.
While logged in go to:
https:// www.google.com/settings/u/O/security /Iesssecureapps