History of Anatomy: An International Perspective

329 Pages·2019·24.71 MB·English

by  R. Shane Tubbs

History of Anatomy

History of Anatomy
An International Perspective
R. Shane Tubbs
Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, USA
Mohammadali M. Shoja
Tabriz University Neuroscience Institute, Iran
Marios Loukas
Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George’s University, Grenada
Paul Agutter
Theoretical Medicine and Biology Group, Glossop, UK
This edition first published 2019
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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data
Names: Tubbs, R. Shane, author.
Title: History of anatomy : an international perspective / Dr. R. Shane
Tubbs, Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA,
Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George’s University, Grenada,
Centre of Anatomy and Human Identification, University of Dundee,
Scotland, UK, Dr. Mohammadali M. Shoja, Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children’s
of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, Dr. Paul Agutter, Director, Theoretical
Medicine and Biology Group, Glossop, U.K., Dr. Marios Loukas, Department
of Anatomical Sciences, St. George’s University, Grenada.
Description: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley Blackwell, [2019] | Includes index. |
Identifiers: LCCN 2018041498 (print) | LCCN 2018042144 (ebook) | ISBN
9781118524343 (Adobe PDF) | ISBN 9781118524312 (ePub) | ISBN 9781118524251
(hardback)
Subjects: LCSH: Human anatomy–History. | BISAC: SCIENCE / Life Sciences /
Human Anatomy & Physiology.
Classification: LCC QM11 (ebook) | LCC QM11 .T83 2019 (print) | DDC 612–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018041498
Cover Design: Wiley
Cover Background: © ilbusca / Getty Images
Set in 10/12pt Warnock by SPi Global, Pondicherry, India
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To my beautiful and loving wife Susan, who is always beside me – R. Shane Tubbs
To Susan Tubbs, for her care and moral support – Mohammadali M. Shoja
To the love of my life, my wife Joanna Loukas – Marios Loukas
I remain grateful to the staff of Edinburgh Medical School, who during the 1960s inspired me
with respect for the traditions of medical practice and a lasting interest in the history of
medical science – Paul Agutter

vii
Contents
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
1 Africa 1
1.1 Egypt 2
1.1.1 The Edwin Smith Papyrus 2
1.1.2 The Ebers Papyrus 2
1.1.3 The Kahun Papyrus 3
1.1.4 Egyptian Anatomy in General 3
1.1.5 Neurological Anatomy 4
1.1.6 Cardiovascular Anatomy 6
1.1.7 Reproductive Anatomy 6
1.2 Algeria 7
1.2.1 Jean Baptiste Paulin Trolard 7
Bibliography 11
2 Asia 13
2.1 China 13
2.1.1 Correcting the Errors in the Forest of Medicine 14
2.1.2 Hua Tuo 17
2.1.3 Conclusion 19
2.2 Japan 19
2.2.1 Feudal Japan (1186–1868) 19
2.2.2 Shinnin Kawaguchi 23
2.2.3 Genpaku Sugita 24
2.2.4 Ryotaku Maeno 25
2.2.5 Shoteki Fuseya 27
2.2.6 Otsuki Gentaku 27
2.2.7 Koji Harada and Ryoetsu Hoshino 28
2.2.8 Human Dissection 28
2.2.9 Seishu Hanaoka 29
2.2.10 Buntaro Adachi 31
2.2.11 Sunao Tawara 36
2.3 India 39
2.3.1 Sushruta 39
Bibliography 44
viii Contents
3 Europe 49
3.1 Austria 50
3.1.1 Heinrich Obersteiner 50
3.1.2 Emil Zuckerkandl 55
3.2 Czechoslovakia 59
3.2.1 Vincent Alexander Bochdalek 59
3.3 England 62
3.3.1 Richard Lower 63
3.3.2 John Browne 71
3.3.3 James Drake 75
3.3.4 Francis Sibson 81
3.3.5 William Turner 87
3.4 France 90
3.4.1 Jacobus Sylvius 90
3.4.2 Charles Estienne 94
3.4.3 Raymond de Vieussens 96
3.4.4 Pierre Dionis 98
3.4.5 Félix Vicq d’Azyr 101
3.4.6 Marie‐François Xavier Bichat 105
3.4.7 François Magendie 109
3.4.8 Jules Germain Cloquet 114
3.4.9 Augusta Déjerine‐Klumpke 120
3.5 Germany 122
3.5.1 Adam Christian Thebesius 122
3.5.2 Franz Kaspar Hesselbach 125
3.5.3 Hubert von Luschka 128
3.5.4 Adolf Wallenberg 132
3.5.5 Korbinian Brodmann 135
3.6 Greece 141
3.6.1 Aristotle 141
3.6.2 Galen 145
3.6.3 Polybus 147
3.7 Holland 148
3.7.1 Franciscus Sylvius 149
3.7.2 Niels Stensen 150
3.7.3 Pieter Camper 154
3.8 Ireland 160
3.8.1 Abraham Colles 160
3.9 Italy 164
3.9.1 Leonardo da Vinci 165
3.9.2 Vidus Vidius (Guido Guidi) 167
3.9.3 Giambattista Canano 170
3.9.4 Matteo Realdo Colombo 172
3.9.5 Costanzo Varolio (Constantius Varolius) 174
3.9.6 Giulio Cesare Casseri 176
3.9.7 Giovanni Maria Lancisi 180
3.9.8 Giovanni Battista Morgagni 188
3.9.9 Ruggero Ferdinando Antonio Guiseppe Vincenzo Oddi 192
3.10 Norway 196
3.10.1 Johan Georg Ræder 196