Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cape Verde (African Historical Dictionaries Historical Dictionaries of Africa)

349 Pages·2007·10.29 MB·English

by  Richard A. Lobban Jr.

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africa history
LOBBAN
HISTORICAL DICTIONARIES OF AFRICA, NO. 104 &
SAUCIER FOURTH EDITION
The archipelago forming the Republic of Cape Verde consists of 21
islands and inlets, 9 of which are inhabited. First discovered by
Portuguese sailors around 1455, the islands were a strategically secure
base for trade along the West African coast and became stopover points for
such famous navigators as Vasco Da Gama and Christopher Columbus. This
small nation achieved independence from the Portuguese in 1975, first as a
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nationalist one-party state and then, in 1991, a plural democracy. Since
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independence, Cape Verde’s growing tourism industry has transformed the rs
living conditions of this once-poor and undeveloped nation into the promising t
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up-and-coming country it is today.
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This fourth edition of Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cape Verde
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offers a comprehensive history of the country, linking the precolonial and bc
colonial past with postcolonial events. Through current maps, a detailed la
chronology, an introduction, a bibliography, appendixes, and hundreds of i
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cross-referenced dictionary entries on important political and cultural events,
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figures, places, organizations, and groups, this valuable resource for under- o
graduate and graduate students, professionals, and teachers of African studies i
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takes an interdisciplinary approach to providing the most extensive and
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up-to-date assessment of Cape Verde available. c
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Richard A. Lobban Jr. is professor and chair of anthropology and former
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director of African studies at Rhode Island College. He is author of numerous p historical dictionary of the
books, journal articles, and encyclopedia entries on Cape Verde and has ea
been central in organizing Cape Verde Study Abroad programs with the r republic of
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University of Rhode Island. y
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Paul Khalil Saucieris a doctoral candidate in sociology and anthropology at
Northeastern University. He has taught various courses on African history, df cape verde

specifically Cape Verdean history, African American history and political t
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thought, social theory, and cultural studies at Northeastern University, the h
University of Rhode Island, and Rhode Island College. e
For orders and information please contact the publisher
Scarecrow Press, Inc.
FOURTH
A wholly owned subsidiary of EDITION
The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.
RICHARD A. LOBBAN JR.
4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200
Lanham, Maryland 20706 ISBN-13: 978-0-8108-4906-8
ISBN-10: 0-8108-4906-2 PAUL KHALIL SAUCIER
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HISTORICALDICTIONARIES OFAFRICA
Edited by Jon Woronoff
1. Cameroon,by Victor T. Le Vine and Roger P. Nye. 1974. Out of print. See No. 48.
2. The Congo,2nd ed., by Virginia Thompson and Richard Adloff. 1984. Out of
print. See No. 69.
3. Swaziland,by John J. Grotpeter. 1975.
4. The Gambia,2nd ed., by Harry A. Gailey. 1987. Out of print. See No. 79.
5. Botswana,by Richard P. Stevens. 1975. Out of print. See No. 70.
6. Somalia,by Margaret F. Castagno. 1975. Out of print. See No. 87.
7. Benin (Dahomey),2nd ed., by Samuel Decalo. 1987. Out of print. See No. 61.
8. Burundi,by Warren Weinstein. 1976. Out of print. See No. 73.
9. Togo,3rd ed., by Samuel Decalo. 1996.
10. Lesotho,by Gordon Haliburton. 1977. Out of print. See No. 90.
11. Mali,3rd ed., by Pascal James Imperato. 1996.
12. Sierra Leone,by Cyril Patrick Foray. 1977.
13. Chad,3rd ed., by Samuel Decalo. 1997.
14. Upper Volta,by Daniel Miles McFarland. 1978.
15. Tanzania,by Laura S. Kurtz. 1978.
16. Guinea,3rd ed., by Thomas O’Toole with Ibrahima Bah-Lalya. 1995. Out of print.
See No. 94.
17. Sudan,by John Voll. 1978. Out of print. See No. 53.
18. Rhodesia/Zimbabwe,by R. Kent Rasmussen. 1979. Out of print. See No. 46.
19. Zambia,2nd ed., by John J. Grotpeter, Brian V. Siegel, and James R. Pletcher. 1998.
20. Niger,3rd ed., by Samuel Decalo. 1997.
21. Equatorial Guinea,3rd ed., by Max Liniger-Goumaz. 2000.
22. Guinea-Bissau,3rd ed., by Richard Lobban and Peter Mendy. 1997.
23. Senegal,by Lucie G. Colvin. 1981. Out of print. See No. 65.
24. Morocco,by William Spencer. 1980. Out of print. See No. 71.
25. Malawi,by Cynthia A. Crosby. 1980. Out of print. See No. 84.
26. Angola,by Phyllis Martin. 1980. Out of print. See No. 92.
27. The Central African Republic,by Pierre Kalck. 1980. Out of print. See No. 51.
28. Algeria,by Alf Andrew Heggoy. 1981. Out of print. See No. 66.
29. Kenya,by Bethwell A. Ogot. 1981. Out of print. See No. 77.
30. Gabon,by David E. Gardinier. 1981. Out of print. See No. 58.
31. Mauritania,by Alfred G. Gerteiny. 1981. Out of print. See No. 68.
32. Ethiopia,by Chris Prouty and Eugene Rosenfeld. 1981. Out of print. See No. 91.
33. Libya,3rd ed., by Ronald Bruce St John. 1998. Out of print. See No. 100.
34. Mauritius,by Lindsay Riviere. 1982.Out of print. See No. 49.
35. Western Sahara,by Tony Hodges. 1982. Out of print. See No. 55.
36. Egypt,by Joan Wucher King. 1984. Out of print. See No. 89.
37. South Africa,by Christopher Saunders. 1983. Out of print. See No. 78.
38. Liberia,by D. Elwood Dunn and Svend E. Holsoe. 1985. Out of print. See No. 83.
39. Ghana,by Daniel Miles McFarland. 1985.Out of print. See No. 63.
40. Nigeria,2nd ed., by Anthony Oyewole and John Lucas. 2000.
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41. Côte d’Ivoire (The Ivory Coast),2nd ed., by Robert J. Mundt. 1995.
42. Cape Verde,2nd ed., by Richard Lobban and Marilyn Halter. 1988. Out of print.
See No. 62.
43. Zaire,by F. Scott Bobb. 1988. Out of print. See No. 76.
44. Botswana,2nd ed., by Fred Morton, Andrew Murray, and Jeff Ramsay. 1989. Out
of print. See No. 70.
45. Tunisia,2nd ed., by Kenneth J. Perkins. 1997.
46. Zimbabwe,2nd ed., by Steven C. Rubert and R. Kent Rasmussen. 1990. Out of
print. See No. 86.
47. Mozambique,by Mario Azevedo. 1991. Out of print. See No. 88.
48. Cameroon,2nd ed., by Mark W. DeLancey and H. Mbella Mokeba. 1990.
49. Mauritius,2nd ed., by Sydney Selvon. 1991.
50. Madagascar,by Maureen Covell. 1995. Out of print. See No. 98.
51. The Central African Republic,2nd ed., by Pierre Kalck, translated by Thomas
O’Toole. 1992. Out of print. See No. 93.
52. Angola,2nd ed., by Susan H. Broadhead. 1992. Out of print. See No. 92.
53. Sudan,2nd ed., by Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban, Richard A. Lobban Jr., and John Obert
Voll. 1992. Out of print. See No. 85.
54. Malawi,2nd ed., by Cynthia A. Crosby. 1993. Out of print. See No. 84.
55. Western Sahara,2nd ed., by Anthony Pazzanita and Tony Hodges. 1994. Out of
print. See No. 96.
56. Ethiopia and Eritrea,2nd ed., by Chris Prouty and Eugene Rosenfeld. 1994. Out
of print. See No. 91.
57. Namibia,by John J. Grotpeter. 1994.
58. Gabon,2nd ed., by David E. Gardinier. 1994. Out of print. See No. 101.
59. Comoro Islands,by Martin Ottenheimer and Harriet Ottenheimer. 1994.
60. Rwanda,by Learthen Dorsey. 1994.
61. Benin,3rd ed., by Samuel Decalo. 1995.
62. Republic of Cape Verde,3rd ed., by Richard Lobban and Marlene Lopes. 1995.
Out of print. See No. 104.
63. Ghana,2nd ed., by David Owusu-Ansah and Daniel Miles McFarland. 1995. Out
of print. See No. 97.
64. Uganda,by M. Louise Pirouet. 1995.
65. Senegal,2nd ed., by Andrew F. Clark and Lucie Colvin Phillips. 1994.
66. Algeria,2nd ed., by Phillip Chiviges Naylor and Alf Andrew Heggoy. 1994. Out of
print. See No. 102.
67. Egypt,2nd ed., by Arthur Goldschmidt Jr. 1994. Out of print. See No. 89.
68. Mauritania,2nd ed., by Anthony G. Pazzanita. 1996.
69. Congo,3rd ed., by Samuel Decalo, Virginia Thompson, and Richard Adloff. 1996.
70. Botswana,3rd ed., by Jeff Ramsay, Barry Morton, and Fred Morton. 1996.
71. Morocco,by Thomas K. Park. 1996. Out of print. See No. 95.
72. Tanzania,2nd ed., by Thomas P. Ofcansky and Rodger Yeager. 1997.
73. Burundi,2nd ed., by Ellen K. Eggers. 1997. Out of print. See No. 103.
74. Burkina Faso,2nd ed., by Daniel Miles McFarland and Lawrence Rupley. 1998.
75. Eritrea,by Tom Killion. 1998.
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76. Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire), by F. Scott Bobb. 1999. (Revised
edition of Historical Dictionary of Zaire, No. 43)
77. Kenya,2nd ed., by Robert M. Maxon and Thomas P. Ofcansky. 2000.
78. South Africa,2nd ed., by Christopher Saunders and Nicholas Southey. 2000.
79. The Gambia,3rd ed., by Arnold Hughes and Harry A. Gailey. 2000.
80. Swaziland,2nd ed., by Alan R. Booth. 2000.
81. Republic of Cameroon,3rd ed., by Mark W. DeLancey and Mark Dike DeLancey.
2000.
82. Djibouti,by Daoud A. Alwan and Yohanis Mibrathu. 2000.
83. Liberia,2nd ed.,by D. Elwood Dunn, Amos J. Beyan, and Carl Patrick
Burrowes. 2001.
84. Malawi,3rd ed., by Owen J. Kalinga and Cynthia A. Crosby. 2001.
85. Sudan,3rd ed.,by Richard A. Lobban Jr., Robert S. Kramer, and Carolyn
Fluehr-Lobban. 2002.
86. Zimbabwe,3rd ed.,by Steven C. Rubert and R. Kent Rasmussen. 2001.
87. Somalia,2nd ed., by Mohamed Haji Mukhtar. 2002.
88. Mozambique,2nd ed.,by Mario Azevedo, Emmanuel Nnadozie, and Tomé Mbuia
João. 2003.
89. Egypt,3rd ed., by Arthur Goldschmidt Jr. and Robert Johnston. 2003.
90. Lesotho,by Scott Rosenberg, Richard Weisfelder, and Michelle Frisbie-Fulton.
2004.
91. Ethiopia,New Edition,by David H. Shinn and Thomas P. Ofcansky. 2004.
92. Angola,New Edition,by W. Martin James. 2004.
93. Central African Republic,3rd ed., by Pierre Kalck, translated by Xavier-Samuel
Kalck. 2005.
94. Guinea,4th ed.,by Thomas O’Toole with Janice E. Baker. 2005.
95. Morocco,2nd ed., by Thomas K. Park and Aomar Boum. 2006.
96. Western Sahara,3rd ed., by Anthony G. Pazzanita. 2005.
97. Ghana,3rd ed., by David Owusu-Ansah. 2005.
98. Madagascar,2nd ed., by Philip M. Allen and Maureen Covell. 2005.
99. Sierra Leone,new ed., by C. Magbaily Fyle. 2005.
100. Libya,4th ed., by Ronald Bruce St John, 2006.
101. Gabon,3rd ed., by David E. Gardinier and Douglas A. Yates, 2006.
102. Algeria,3rd ed., by Phillip Naylor, 2006.
103. Burundi,3rd ed, by Ellen K. Eggers, 2007.
104. Republic of Cape Verde,4th ed., by Richard A. Lobban Jr. and Paul Khalil
Saucier, 2007.
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Historical Dictionary
of the Republic of
Cape Verde
Fourth Edition
Richard A. Lobban Jr.
Paul Khalil Saucier
Historical Dictionaries of Africa, No. 104
The Scarecrow Press, Inc.
Lanham, Maryland • Toronto • Plymouth, UK
2007
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SCARECROWPRESS, INC.
Published in the United States of America
by Scarecrow Press, Inc.
Awholly owned subsidiary of
The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.
4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706
www.scarecrowpress.com
Estover Road
Plymouth PL6 7PY
United Kingdom
Copyright ©2007 by Richard A. Lobban Jr. and Paul Khalil Saucier
All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without the prior permission of the publisher.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Lobban, Richard.
Historical dictionary of the Republic of Cape Verde / Richard A. Lobban Jr.,
Paul Khalil Saucier. — 4th ed.
p. cm. — (Historical dictionaries of Africa ; no. 104)
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN-13: 978-0-8108-4906-8 (hardcover : alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-8108-4906-2 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Cape Verde–History–Dictionaries. 2. Cape Verde–Bibliography. I. Saucier,
Paul Khalil, 1976– II. Title.
DT671.C25L63 2007
966.58003–dc22 2006033690
(cid:2)™
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of
Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.
Manufactured in the United States of America.
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With love to our two favorite colleagues:
Carolyn and Jasmine
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Contents
Editor’s Foreword Jon Woronoff xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Preface xv
Acronyms and Abbreviations xvii
Photographs xxi–xxv
Maps xxvi–xxvii
Chronology xxix
Introduction 1
THE DICTIONARY 15
Appendixes 247
Bibliography 259
About the Authors 305
ix