Table Of ContentThe historical dictionaries present essential information on a broad range of subjects,
includingAmericanandworld history,art, business,cities,countries, cultures, customs,
film, global conflicts, international relations, literature, music, philosophy, religion,
sports,andtheater.Writtenbyexperts,allcontainhighlyinformativeintroductoryessays
of the topic and detailed chronologies that, in some cases, cover vast historical time
periodsbutstillmanagetoheavilyfeaturemorerecentevents.
BriefA–Zentriesdescribethemainpeople,events,politics,socialissues,institutions,and
policiesthatmakethetopicunique,andentriesarecross-referencedforeaseofbrowsing.
Extensivebibliographiesaredividedinto severalgeneralsubjectareas, providingexcel-
lentaccesspointsforstudents,researchers,andanyonewantingtoknowmore.Addition-
ally,maps,photographs,andappendixesofsupplementalinformationaidhighschooland
collegestudentsdoingtermpapersorintroductoryresearchprojects.Inshort,thehistori-
caldictionariesaretheperfectstartingpointforanyonelookingtoresearchinthesefields.
HISTORICALDICTIONARIESOF
LITERATUREANDTHEARTS
JonWoronoff,SeriesEditor
AmericanRadioSoapOperas,byJimCox,2005.
FantasyLiterature,byBrianStableford,2005.
LesbianLiterature,byMeredithMiller,2006.
ScandinavianLiteratureandTheater,byJanSjåvik,2006.
HongKongCinema,byLisaOdhamStokes,2007.
FrenchCinema,byDaynaOscherwitzandMaryEllenHiggins,2007.
AustralianRadioandTelevision,byAlbertMoranandChrisKeating,2007.
PolishCinema,byMarekHaltof,2007.
OldTimeRadio,byRobertC.ReinehrandJonD.Swartz,2008.
ChineseTheater,byTanYe,2008.
ItalianCinema,byGinoMoliterno,2008.
PostwarGermanLiterature,byWilliamGrange,2009.
ModernJapaneseLiteratureandTheater,byJ.ScottMiller,2009.
AnimationandCartoons,byNicholaDobson,2009.
ModernChineseLiterature,byLi-huaYing,2010.
MiddleEasternCinema,byTerriGinsbergandChrisLippard,2010.
FilmNoir,byAndrewSpicer,2010.
FrenchTheater,byEdwardForman,2010.
ChoralMusic,byMelvinP.Unger,2010.
WesternsinLiterature,byPaulVarner,2010.
Surrealism,byKeithAspley,2010.
ScienceFictionCinema,byM.KeithBooker,2010.
Children’sLiterature,byEmerO’Sullivan,2010.
LatinAmericanLiteratureandTheater,byRichardA.YoungandOdileCisneros,2011.
GermanLiteratureto1945,byWilliamGrange,2011.
NeoclassicalArtandArchitecture,byAllisonLeePalmer,2011.
AmericanCinema,byM.KeithBooker,2011.
AmericanTheater:Contemporary,byJamesFisher,2011.
EnglishMusic:ca.1400–1958,byCharlesEdwardMcGuireandStevenE.Plank,2011.
RococoArt,byJenniferD.Milam,2011.
JapaneseCinema,byJasperSharp,2011.
RussianMusic,byDanielJaffé,2012.
MusicoftheClassicalPeriod,byBertilvanBoer,2012.
HolocaustCinema,byRobertC.ReimerandCarolJ.Reimer,2012.
AsianAmericanLiteratureandTheater,byWenjingXu,2012.
BeatMovement,byPaulVarner,2012.
Jazz,byJohnS.Davis,2012.
CrimeFilms,byGeoffMayer,2013.
Scandinavian Cinema, by John Sundholm, Isak Thorsen, Lars Gustaf Andersson, Olof
Hedling,GunnarIversen,andBirgirThorMøller,2013.
ChineseCinema,byTanYeandYunZhu,2013.
TaiwanCinema,byDaw-MingLee,2013.
RussianLiterature,byJonathanStone,2013.
GothicLiterature,byWilliamHughes,2013.
FrenchLiterature,byJohnFlower,2013.
BaroqueMusic,byJosephP.Swain,2013.
Opera,byScottL.Balthazar,2013.
BritishCinema,byAlanBurtonandSteveChibnall,2013.
RomanticMusic,byJohnMichaelCooperwithRandyKinnett,2013.
BritishTheatre:EarlyPeriod,byDarryllGrantley,2013.
SouthAmericanCinema,byPeterH.Rist,2014.
African American Television, Second Edition, by Kathleen Fearn-Banks and Anne Bur-
ford-Johnson,2014.
JapaneseTraditionalTheatre,SecondEdition,bySamuelL.Leiter,2014.
ScienceFictioninLiterature,byM.KeithBooker,2015.
RomanticisminLiterature,byPaulVarner,2015.
AmericanTheater:Beginnings,byJamesFisher,2016.
AfricanAmericanCinema,SecondEdition,byS.TorrianoBerryandVeniseBerry,2015.
BritishRadio,SecondEdition,bySeánStreet,2015.
GermanTheater,SecondEdition,byWilliamGrange,2015.
RussianTheater,SecondEdition,byLaurenceSenelick,2015.
BroadwayMusical,SecondEdition,byWilliamA.EverettandPaulR.Laird,2016.
BritishSpyFiction,byAlanBurton,2016.
RussianandSovietCinema,SecondEdition,byPeterRollberg,2016.
Architecture,SecondEdition,byAllisonLeePalmer,2016.
RenaissanceArt,SecondEdition,byLilianH.Zirpolo,2016.
SacredMusic,SecondEdition,byJosephP.Swain,2016.
U.S.LatinoLiterature,byFranciscoA.Lomelí,DonaldoW.Urioste,andMaríaJoaquina
Villaseñor,2017.
PostmodernistLiteratureandTheater,SecondEdition,byFranMason,2017.
ContemporaryArt,byAnnLeeMorgan,2017.
PopularMusic,byNormanAbjorensen,2017.
American Theater: Modernism, Second Edition, by James Fisher and Felicia Hardison
Londré,2017.
HorrorCinema,SecondEdition,byPeterHutchings,2018.
AustralianandNewZealandCinema,SecondEdition,byKarinaAveyard,AlbertMoran,
andErrolVieth,2018.
BaroqueArtandArchitecture,SecondEdition,byLilianH.Zirpolo,2018.
AfricanAmericanTheater,SecondEdition,byAnthonyD.Hill,2018.
GermanCinema,SecondEdition,byRobertC.ReimerandCarolJ.Reimer,2019.
LeonardBernstein,byPaulR.LairdandHsunLin,2019.
RomanticArtandArchitecture,SecondEdition,byAllisonLeePalmer,2019.
IrishCinema,SecondEdition,byRoderickFlynnandTonyTracy,2019.
WoodyAllen,byWilliamBrigham,2019.
ModernandContemporaryClassicalMusic,SecondEdition,byNicoleV.Gagné,2019.
SherlockHolmes,byNeilMcCaw,2019.
SpanishCinema,SecondEdition,byAlbertoMira,2020.
Historical Dictionary
of Spanish Cinema
Second Edition
Alberto Mira
ROWMAN&LITTLEFIELD
Lanham•Boulder•NewYork• London
PublishedbyRowman&Littlefield
AnimprintofTheRowman&LittlefieldPublishingGroup,Inc.
4501ForbesBoulevard,Suite200,Lanham,Maryland20706
www.rowman.com
6TinworthStreet,LondonSE115AL
Copyright©2020byAlbertoMira
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformorbyany
electronicormechanicalmeans,includinginformationstorageandretrievalsystems,
withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher,exceptbyareviewerwhomayquote
passagesinareview.
BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationInformationAvailable
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2019949777
ThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirementsofAmerican
NationalStandardforInformationSciencesPermanenceofPaperforPrintedLibrary
Materials,ANSI/NISOZ39.48-1992.
Contents
Editor’sForeword ix
Reader’sNotes xi
AcronymsandAbbreviations xiii
Chronology xv
Introduction:AlmodóvarandtheWorld—SpanishCinemainthe
21stCentury 1
THEDICTIONARY 37
Appendix:KeyGoyaAwards(ByYearofProduction) 437
Bibliography 449
AbouttheAuthor 565
vii
