Historic Palestine, Israel, and the Emerging Palestinian Autonomous Areas

208 Pages·2010·4.16 MB·English

by  Britannica Educational Publishing

HISTORIC PALESTINE, ISRAEL, AND
THE EMERGING PALESTINIAN
AUTONOMOUS AREAS
MIDDLE EAST
REGION IN TRANSITION
HISTORIC PALESTINE, ISRAEL, AND
THE EMERGING PALESTINIAN
AUTONOMOUS AREAS
EDITED BY LAURA S. ETHEREDGE, ASSOCIATE EDITOR, MIDDLE EAST GEOGRAPHY
Published in 2011 by Britannica Educational Publishing (a trademark of
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.) in association with Rosen Educational Services,
LLC
29 East 21st Street, New York, NY 10010.
Copyright © 2011 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Britannica, Encyclopædia
Britannica, and the Thistle logo are registered trademarks of Encyclopædia
Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Distributed exclusively by Rosen Educational Services.
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First Edition
Britannica Educational Publishing Michael I. Levy: Executive Editor
J.E. Luebering: Senior Manager
Marilyn L. Barton: Senior Coordinator, Production Control Steven Bosco:
Director, Editorial Technologies Lisa S. Braucher: Senior Producer and Data
Editor Yvette Charboneau: Senior Copy Editor
Kathy Nakamura: Manager, Media Acquisition Laura S. Etheredge: Associate
Editor, Middle East Geography Rosen Educational Services Jeanne Nagle:
Senior Editor
Nelson Sá: Art Director
Cindy Reiman: Photography Manager
Nicole Russo: Designer
Matthew Cauli: Cover Design
Introduction by Laura Loria
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Historic Palestine, Israel, and the emerging Palestinian autonomous areas edited
by Laura S. Etheredge.— 1st ed.
p. cm. — (Middle East: region in transition) “In association with Britannica
Educational Publishing, Rosen Educational Services.”
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-61530395-3 (eBook)
1. Palestine—History. 2. Palestine—Politics and government. 3. Palestine—
Social conditions. 4. Israel—History. 5. Israel—Politics and government. 6.
Israel—Social conditions. 7. West Bank—History. 8. West Bank—Politics and
government. 9. West Bank—Social conditions. I. Etheredge, Laura.
DS117.H5515 2011
956.94—dc22
2010035792
On the cover (clockwise from top left): Israelis enjoy live music at a cafe bar
in the centre of the northern Israeli city of Haifa, a view of Jerusalem,
demonstrators in Jerusalem march in support of peace in the Gaza Strip,
Palestinian men play cards at a cafe in the West Bank city of Hebron. Menahem
Kahana/AFP/Getty Images; © www.istockphoto.com/Oleg Babich;
Shutterstock.com; Hazem Bader/AFP/Getty Images
On pages 1, 70, 105, 123, 134, 145, 152, 209, 211, 218: An Israeli man and a
Palestinian youth display their national flags. Jack Guez/AFP/Getty Images
(above); Hazem Bader/AFP/Getty Images (below)
CONTENTS
Introduction
Chapter 1: Historic Palestine
The Stone Age and the Copper Age
The Bronze Age
Sinuhe
The Iron Age
The Israelites in Palestine
Assyrian and Babylonian Rule
The Persian Empire
From Alexander the Great to 70 CE
The Ptolemies
Syrian Wars
The Seleucids
The Hasmonean Priest-Princes
The Herodian House and the Roman Procurators
Roman Palestine
From the Arab Conquest to 1900
Dome of the Rock
Umayyad Rule
‘Abb sid Rule
ā
The F imid Dynasty
āṭ
The Crusades
Ottoman Rule
From 1900 to 1948
World War I and After
Sykes-Picot Agreement
The British Mandate
The Arab Revolt
Peel Commission
World War II
The Early Postwar Period
Civil War in Palestine
Chapter 2: Toward the Emergence of Palestinian Autonomy
The Partition of Palestine and its Aftermath (1948–67)
The Term “Palestinian”
The Israeli Arabs
West Bank (and Jordanian) Palestinians
Palestinians in the Gaza Strip
UNRWA Camps
Palestinians Outside Mandated Palestine
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the
Near East (UNRWA)
Resurgence of Palestinian Identity
The Role of Camps
The Role of Palestinians Outside Formerly Mandated Palestine
The Palestine Liberation Organization
Fatah and Other Guerrilla Organizations
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)
The Arab-Israeli War of 1967 and its Consequences
The PLO’s Rise as a Revolutionary Force
The PLO’s Struggle for Palestinian Autonomy
Negotiations, Violence, and Incipient Self-Rule
The Camp David Accords and the PLO
The Dispersal of the PLO from Lebanon
Years of Mounting Violence
The Intif ah
āḍ
am s
Ḥ ā
The Move Toward Self-Rule