High Temperature Mechanical Behavior of Ceramic-Matrix Composites

376 Pages·2021·17.471 MB·English

by  Longbiao Li

HighTemperatureMechanicalBehaviorofCeramic-MatrixComposites
High Temperature Mechanical Behavior of
Ceramic-Matrix Composites
Longbiao Li
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v
Contents
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
1 Introduction 1
1.1 TensileBehaviorofCMCsatElevatedTemperature 2
1.2 FatigueBehaviorofCMCsatElevatedTemperature 6
1.3 StressRuptureBehaviorofCMCsatElevatedTemperature 7
1.4 VibrationBehaviorofCMCsatElevatedTemperature 9
1.5 Conclusion 10
References 10
2 FirstMatrixCrackingofCeramic-MatrixCompositesat
ElevatedTemperature 19
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiC
Composites 20
2.2.1 TheoreticalModels 20
2.2.2 ResultsandDiscussion 21
2.2.2.1 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentFiberVolumes 23
2.2.2.2 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceShearStress 24
2.2.2.3 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentFiber/MatrixInterfaceFrictionalCoefficients 25
2.2.2.4 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceDebondingEnergies 26
2.2.2.5 EffectofMatrixFractureEnergyonTemperature-DependentMatrix
CrackingStressofC/SiCComposite 27
2.2.3 ExperimentalComparisons 28
2.3 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiC
Composite 29
vi Contents
2.3.1 ResultsandDiscussion 30
2.3.1.1 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiCComposite
forDifferentFiberVolumes 30
2.3.1.2 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiCComposite
forDifferentInterfaceShearStress 30
2.3.1.3 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiCComposite
forDifferentInterfaceFrictionalCoefficients 33
2.3.1.4 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiCComposite
forDifferentInterfaceDebondingEnergies 34
2.3.1.5 Temperature-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiCComposite
forDifferentMatrixFractureEnergies 34
2.3.2 ExperimentalComparisons 36
2.4 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiCComposites 39
2.4.1 TheoreticalModels 39
2.4.2 ResultsandDiscussion 41
2.4.2.1 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentFiberVolumes 42
2.4.2.2 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceShearStress 42
2.4.2.3 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceFrictionalCoefficients 50
2.4.2.4 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceDebondingEnergies 53
2.4.2.5 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentMatrixFractureEnergies 56
2.4.3 ExperimentalComparisons 59
2.5 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSi/SiCComposites 59
2.5.1 ResultsandDiscussion 59
2.5.1.1 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentFiberVolumes 60
2.5.1.2 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceShearStress 62
2.5.1.3 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceDebondingEnergies 66
2.5.1.4 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentMatrixFractureEnergies 68
2.5.2 ExperimentalComparisons 68
2.6 Conclusion 71
References 71
3 MatrixMultipleCrackingEvolutionofFiber-Reinforced
Ceramic-MatrixCompositesatElevatedTemperature 75
3.1 Introduction 75
3.2 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingEvolutionofC/SiC
Composites 76
Contents vii
3.2.1 TheoreticalModels 77
3.2.1.1 Temperature-DependentStressAnalysis 77
3.2.1.2 Temperature-DependentInterfaceDebonding 78
3.2.1.3 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCracking 79
3.2.2 ResultsandDiscussion 80
3.2.2.1 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofC/SiCComposite
forDifferentInterfaceShearStress 82
3.2.2.2 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofC/SiCComposite
forDifferentInterfaceDebondingEnergies 84
3.2.2.3 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofC/SiCComposite
forDifferentMatrixFractureEnergies 85
3.2.3 ExperimentalComparisons 88
3.3 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingEvolutionofSiC/SiC
Composites 89
3.3.1 ResultsandDiscussion 90
3.3.1.1 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofSiC/SiCComposite
forDifferentFiberVolumes 90
3.3.1.2 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofSiC/SiCComposite
forDifferentInterfaceShearStress 92
3.3.1.3 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofSiC/SiCComposite
forDifferentInterfaceFrictionalCoefficients 93
3.3.1.4 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofSiC/SiCComposite
forDifferentInterfaceDebondingEnergies 95
3.3.1.5 Temperature-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofSiC/SiCComposite
forDifferentMatrixFractureEnergies 98
3.3.2 ExperimentalComparisons 100
3.4 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingEvolutionofC/SiC
Composites 101
3.4.1 TheoreticalModels 102
3.4.1.1 Time-DependentStressAnalysis 102
3.4.1.2 Time-DependentInterfaceDebonding 103
3.4.1.3 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCracking 105
3.4.2 ResultsandDiscussion 106
3.4.2.1 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceShearStress 106
3.4.2.2 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceFrictionalCoefficients 108
3.4.2.3 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceDebondingEnergies 111
3.4.2.4 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentMatrixFractureEnergies 113
3.4.3 ExperimentalComparisons 114
3.5 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingEvolutionofSiC/SiC
Composites 116
3.5.1 ResultsandDiscussion 117
viii Contents
3.5.1.1 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofSiC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentFiberVolumes 117
3.5.1.2 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofSiC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceShearStress 120
3.5.1.3 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofSiC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceFrictionalCoefficients 127
3.5.1.4 Time-DependentMatrixMultipleCrackingofSiC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentInterfaceDebondingEnergies 130
3.5.1.5 Time-DependentMatrixCrackingStressofSiC/SiCCompositefor
DifferentMatrixFractureEnergies 133
3.5.2 ExperimentalComparisons 136
3.5.2.1 UnidirectionalSiC/SiCComposite 136
3.5.2.2 SiC/SiCMinicomposite 139
3.6 Conclusion 139
References 140
4 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofCeramic-Matrix
Composites 145
4.1 Introduction 145
4.2 TheoreticalAnalysis 148
4.3 ResultsandDiscussion 149
4.3.1 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferent
FiberVolumes 149
4.3.2 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferent
FiberRadii 149
4.3.3 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferent
MatrixWeibullModuli 152
4.3.4 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferent
MatrixCrackingCharacteristicStrengths 152
4.3.5 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferent
MatrixCrackingSaturationSpacings 155
4.3.6 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferent
InterfaceShearStress 155
4.3.7 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferent
InterfaceDebondingEnergies 155
4.3.8 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferent
FiberStrengths 159
4.3.9 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferent
FiberWeibullModuli 160
4.3.10 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferent
OxidationDurations 160
4.4 ExperimentalComparisons 161
4.4.1 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofSiC/SiCComposite 161
4.4.2 Time-DependentTensileBehaviorofC/SiCComposite 173
Contents ix
4.5 Conclusion 179
References 181
5 FatigueBehaviorofCeramic-MatrixCompositesatElevated
Temperature 187
5.1 Introduction 187
5.2 TheoreticalAnalysis 189
5.3 ExperimentalComparisons 191
∘
5.3.1 2.5DWovenHi-NicalonTMSiC/[Si-B-C]at600 CinAir
Atmosphere 191
∘
5.3.2 2.5DWovenHi-NicalonTMSiC/[Si-B-C]at1200 CinAir
Atmosphere 193
∘
5.3.3 2DWovenSelf-HealingHi-NicalonTMSiC/[SiC-B C]at1200 CinAirand
4
inSteamAtmospheres 199
5.3.4 Discussion 203
5.4 Conclusion 206
References 206
6 StressRuptureofCeramic-MatrixCompositesatElevated
Temperature 211
6.1 Introduction 211
6.2 StressRuptureofCeramic-MatrixCompositesUnderConstantStressat
IntermediateTemperature 213
6.2.1 TheoreticalModels 214
6.2.2 ResultsandDiscussion 215
6.2.2.1 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferentFiberVolumes 215
6.2.2.2 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferentPeakStress
Levels 218
6.2.2.3 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferentSaturationSpaces
BetweenMatrixCracking 221
6.2.2.4 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferentInterfaceShear
Stress 221
6.2.2.5 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferentFiberWeibull
Modulus 227
6.2.2.6 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeforDifferentEnvironmental
Temperatures 229
6.2.3 ExperimentalComparisons 230
6.3 StressRuptureofCeramic-MatrixCompositesUnderStochasticLoading
StressandTimeatIntermediateTemperature 234
6.3.1 ResultsandDiscussion 236
6.3.1.1 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeUnderStochasticLoadingfor
DifferentStochasticStressLevels 236
6.3.1.2 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeUnderStochasticLoadingfor
DifferentStochasticLoadingTimeIntervals 240
x Contents
6.3.1.3 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeUnderStochasticLoadingfor
DifferentFiberVolumes 247
6.3.1.4 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeUnderStochasticLoadingfor
DifferentMatrixCrackSpacings 251
6.3.1.5 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeUnderStochasticLoadingfor
DifferentInterfaceShearStress 253
6.3.1.6 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeUnderStochasticLoadingfor
DifferentEnvironmentalTemperatures 261
6.3.2 ExperimentalComparisons 264
6.3.2.1 𝜎=80MPaand𝜎 =90MPawithΔt=7.2,10.8,and14.4ks 267
s
6.3.2.2 𝜎=100MPaand𝜎 =110MPawithΔt=7.2ks 267
s
6.3.2.3 𝜎=120MPaand𝜎 =130and140MPawithΔt=7.2ks 271
s
6.3.2.4 Discussion 271
6.4 StressRuptureofCeramic-MatrixCompositesUnderMultipleLoad
SequenceatIntermediateTemperature 274
6.4.1 ResultsandDiscussion 274
6.4.1.1 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeUnderMultipleLoadingSequence
forDifferentFiberVolumes 275
6.4.1.2 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeUnderMultipleLoadingSequence
forDifferentMatrixCrackSpacings 280
6.4.1.3 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeUnderMultipleLoadingSequence
forDifferentInterfaceShearStress 285
6.4.1.4 StressRuptureofSiC/SiCCompositeUnderMultipleLoadingSequence
forDifferentEnvironmentTemperatures 292
6.4.2 ExperimentalComparisons 295
6.5 Conclusion 302
References 302
7 VibrationDampingofCeramic-MatrixCompositesatElevated
Temperature 307
7.1 Introduction 307
7.2 Temperature-DependentVibrationDampingofCMCs 308
7.2.1 TheoreticalModels 308
7.2.2 ResultsandDiscussion 310
7.2.2.1 EffectofFiberVolumeonTemperature-DependentVibrationDamping
ofSiC/SiCComposite 310
7.2.2.2 EffectofMatrixCrackSpacingonTemperature-DependentVibration
DampingofSiC/SiCComposite 314
7.2.2.3 EffectofInterfaceDebondingEnergyonTemperature-Dependent
VibrationDampingofSiC/SiCComposite 317
7.2.2.4 EffectofSteady-StateInterfaceShearStressonTemperature-Dependent
VibrationDampingofSiC/SiCComposite 321
7.2.2.5 EffectofInterfaceFrictionalCoefficientonTemperature-Dependent
VibrationDampingofSiC/SiCComposite 325
7.2.3 ExperimentalComparisons 329
Contents xi
7.3 Time-DependentVibrationDampingofCMCs 329
7.3.1 TheoreticalModels 329
7.3.2 ResultsandDiscussion 331
7.3.2.1 EffectofFiberVolumeonTime-DependentVibrationDampingofC/SiC
Composite 331
7.3.2.2 EffectofVibrationStressonTime-DependentVibrationDampingof
C/SiCComposite 334
7.3.2.3 EffectofMatrixCrackSpacingonTime-DependentVibrationDamping
ofC/SiCComposite 337
7.3.2.4 EffectofInterfaceShearStressonTime-DependentVibrationDamping
ofC/SiCComposite 340
7.3.2.5 EffectofTemperatureonTime-DependentVibrationDampingofC/SiC
Composite 343
7.3.3 ExperimentalComparisons 343
∘
7.3.3.1 t=2hoursatT=700,1000,and1300 C 346
∘
7.3.3.2 t=5hoursatT=700,1000,and1300 C 346
∘
7.3.3.3 t=10hoursatT=700,1000,and1300 C 351
7.3.3.4 Discussion 354
7.4 Conclusion 356
References 356
Index 359