Table Of ContentInterdisciplinary Perspectives
Edited by
Jonathan L. Ferencz,
dds
Clinical Professor of Prosthodontics
New York University College of Dentistry
Private Practice in Prosthodontics
New York, New York
Nelson R.F.A. Silva,
dds, msc, phd
Professor
Department of Restorative Dentistry
Federal University of Minas Gerais
Belo Horizonte, Brazil
José Manuel Navarro,
dds, ms
Private Practice in Periodontics, Prosthodontics, and Implant Dentistry
Brånemark Osseointegration Center Spain
Las Palmas, Spain
Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc
Chicago, Berlin, Tokyo, London, Paris, Milan, Barcelona, Beijing, Istanbul,
Moscow, New Delhi, Prague, São Paulo, Seoul, Singapore, and Warsaw
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
High-strength ceramics : interdisciplinary perspectives / edited by Jonathan L. Ferencz, Nelson R.F.A.
Silva, Jose M. Navarro.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-86715-639-3 (hardcover)
I. Ferencz, Jonathan L., editor. II. Silva, Nelson R. F. A., editor. III. Navarro, Jose M., editor.
[DNLM: 1. Dental Porcelain. 2. Biocompatible Materials. 3. Dental Prosthesis--methods. 4. Esthetics,
Dental. 5. Oral Surgical Procedures--methods. 6. Reconstructive Surgical Procedures--methods. WU
190]
RK655
617.6’95--dc23
2014007961
5 4 3 2 1
© 2014 Quintessence Publishing Co Inc
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Editor: Bryn Grisham
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Printed in China
Contents
Foreword vii
Preface viii
Contributors ix
1 Challenges in Engineering and Testing of
Bioceramics 1
Paulo G. Coelho and Timothy G. Bromage
2
The Role of Industry in Developing New Ceramics 19
George W. Tysowsky and Robert Gottlander
3
Practice-Based Research on the Effectiveness
of Ceramics 33
Van P. Thompson and Kenneth A. Malament
4 Posterior Partial-Coverage Restorations:
Inlays and Onlays 47
Petra C. Guess
5
Individual Ceramic Crowns for Teeth 63
Estevam A. Bonfante and Stefano Gracis
6
Ceramic Veneers 101
Susana Morimoto, Marcelo A. Calamita, Christian Coachman, and
Galip Gürel
7 Fixed Dental Prostheses for Anterior and
Posterior Teeth 119
Irena Sailer
8
Ceramic Applications to Restore Implants 149
Joerg R. Strub and Michael V. Swain
9
Cementation Procedures for Ceramics 173
Matthias Kern
10 Monolithic Zirconia Complete-Arch
Reconstructions 189
Esther Grob and Mario Sisera
11 Successful Ceramic Application on Various
Substructures 205
Murilo Calgaro, Victor Clavijo, Rogerio Goulart da Costa,
and Willy Clavijo
12
Ceramic Dental Implants 235
Ralf Kohal and Eric Van Dooren
13
Digital Workflow in Reconstructive Dentistry 261
Wael Att and Michael Girard
Index 279
Foreword
All-ceramic restorations have had a significant impact on dental practice first
and foremost because of their mechanical resistance and their esthetic proper-
ties. High-strength ceramics are now an integral part of everyday practice. The
options for all-ceramic restorations offered to patients have essentially been
narrowed down to a small group of materials, and this book discusses those
materials and provides detailed clinical protocols that will enable the reader to
achieve a higher level of predictability in dental practice. This book also provides
an in-depth review of techniques that were traditionally restricted to metal
technology: layered or monolithic single restorations, short- and long-span fixed
partial dentures, Maryland bridges, implant abutments and restorations, and
ceramic implants. The range of applications covered in this text makes it a com-
prehensive reference on all-ceramic technology.
The techniques presented herein represent the wealth of clinical and labora-
tory experience of the panel of international experts gathered by Dr Ferencz,
Dr Silva, and Dr Navarro. This select group of master clinicians and ceramists ex-
emplifies many years of practical knowledge and provides invaluable historical
perspectives. What makes this textbook special, however, is that the authors base
their discussions on fundamental research of the biologic and mechanical prop-
erties of ceramic materials as well as on the accepted consensuses documented
by thorough literature reviews. Indeed, the reader will enjoy the evidence-based
format of this text presented in a logical and attractive manner and the very
effective connection of fundamental knowledge to clinical application.
The use of high-strength ceramics as an alternative to porcelain-fused-to-metal
restorations has fully matured in response to several factors: patient esthetic de-
mands, the availability of CAD/CAM technology in dentistry, and the high cost
of precious metals. Thus, zirconia and lithium disilicate offer specific properties
that are illustrated throughout the text to allow an educated choice between
these materials, their indications and contraindications, and their respective
advantages and disadvantages.
The editors should be commended on putting together such a diversified
panel of clinicians, dental ceramists, and researchers to produce a major con-
tribution to the field of esthetic dentistry. It will have a definitive impact on the
dental community.
Gerard J. Chiche, dds
Thomas P. Hinman Endowed Professor
Director of the Center of Esthetics and Implant Dentistry
College of Dental Medicine
Georgia Regents University
Augusta, Georgia
vii
Preface
The inspiration for this book began about a decade ago when New York Uni-
versity (NYU) College of Dentistry built one of the strongest biomaterials teams
in the world. Under the leadership of former NYU Dean Michael Alfano, Diane
Rekow and Van Thompson were recruited to come to NYU and create a biomate-
rials research group that focused on answering some basic questions about the
behavior of ceramic materials. Corporate support and participation became a
hallmark of this successful research endeavor, and many leading academics and
researchers around the world wanted to spend time learning and participating
in the many ongoing research projects. After a few years, it also became obvious
that clinicians and dental laboratory technicians had valuable experiences and
ideas to share with the group, because they used these materials on a daily basis.
It became apparent that only when we shared our challenges and ideas for im-
provements could major breakthroughs occur.
The idea of writing a textbook that focused on this interdisciplinary collabora-
tion started in the summer of 2011. The three of us believed that a text could be
created that focused on the collaboration of biomaterials science, industry, clini-
cal, and dental laboratory perspectives. We envisioned that most chapters could
combine perspectives by asking biomaterials experts to work with clinicians to
write chapters. We selected many of the same individuals who came to NYU to
participate in research projects during this time period. From this idea emerged a
text that features contributors from nearly every aspect of dentistry representing
4 continents and nearly 12 countries.
This text is intended for dental students, dental technicians, dental faculty,
and practicing dentists alike. We believe that to be a successful user of ceramic
materials today, one must have an understanding of basic biomaterials. We thor-
oughly hope that this text introduces readers to new ceramic materials, high-
quality clinical procedures, and laboratory techniques with an underpinning of
biomaterials science.
As editors, we are extremely grateful to the contributors who have so gracious-
ly lent their time and expertise to this project, to our publishers at Quintessence,
and to our families who have encouraged and inspired us along the way.
viii
Running A Head
Contributors
Wael Att, DDS, Dr Med Dent, PhD Willy Clavijo, CDT
Professor and Director of Postgraduate Studies Dental Technician
Department of Prosthodontics Curitiba, Brazil
School of Dentistry
Albert-Ludwigs University Christian Coachman, DDS, CDT
Freiburg, Germany Private Practice in Esthetics
São Paulo, Brazil
Estevam A. Bonfante, DDS, MSc, PhD
Assistant Professor Paulo G. Coelho, DDS, PhD
Department of Prosthodontics Associate Professor of Biomaterials and Biomimetics
Bauru College of Dentistry Director for Research
University of São Paulo Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry
Bauru, Brazil New York University College of Dentistry
New York, New York
Timothy G. Bromage, PhD
Affiliated Faculty
Professor and Director of Hard Tissue Research Unit
Division of Engineering
Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics
New York University Abu Dhabi
New York University College of Dentistry
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
New York, New York
Jonathan L. Ferencz, DDS
Marcelo A. Calamita, DDS, MSD, PhD
Clinical Professor of Prosthodontics
Private Practice
New York University College of Dentistry
São Paulo, Brazil
Private Practice in Prosthodontics
New York, New York
Murilo Calgaro, CDT
Dental Technician
Michael Girard, RDT
Curitiba, Brazil
President and CEO
Modern Dental USA
Victor Clavijo, DDS, MS, PhD
Troy, Michigan
Professor
Advanced Program in Implantology and
Robert Gottlander, DDS
Restorative Dentistry
Vice President of Global Prosthetic Solutions
Implante/Perio Institute
Henry Schein
São Paulo, Brazil
Melville, New York
ix
Rogerio Goulart da Costa, DDS, MS Matthias Kern, DMD, PhD
Professor of Dental Prosthodontics Professor and Chair
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and
Federal Institute for Education, Science and Technology Dental Materials
of Paraná School of Dentistry
Curitiba, Brazil Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel
Kiel, Germany
Stefano Gracis, DMD, MSD
Private Practice in Prosthodontics Ralf Kohal, DMD, Dr Med Dent, PhD
Milan, Italy Professor
Department of Prosthodontics
Esther Grob, CDT School of Dentistry
Arteco Dental Technology University Medical Center Freiburg
Zürich, Switzerland Freiburg, Germany
Petra C. Guess, DDS, Dr Med Dent, PhD Kenneth A. Malament, DDS, MScD
Associate Professor Clinical Professor
Department of Prosthodontics Tufts University School of Dental Medicine
School of Dentistry Boston, Massachusetts
University Medical Center Freiburg
Freiburg, Germany Susana Morimoto, DDS, MSD, PhD
Professor of Graduate Program
Galip Gürel, DDS, MSD School of Dentistry
Visiting Professor Ibirapuera University
New York University College of Dentistry São Paulo, Brazil
New York, New York
Private Practice José Manuel Navarro, DDS, MS
Istanbul, Turkey Private Practice in Periodontics, Prosthodontics,
and Implant Dentistry
Brånemark Osseointegration Center Spain
Las Palmas, Spain
x
Irena Sailer, Prof Dr Med Dent Michael V. Swain, BSc, PhD
Chair Professor of Biomaterials
Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials Faculty of Dentistry
University Center for Dental Medicine University of Sydney
University of Geneva Sydney, Australia
Geneva, Switzerland
Van P. Thompson, DDS, PhD
Nelson R.F.A. Silva, DDS, MSc, PhD Professor
Professor Department of Biomaterials, Biomimetics, and Biophotonics
Department of Restorative Dentistry King’s College London Dental Institute
Federal University of Minas Gerais Guys Hospital
Belo Horizonte, Brazil London, England
Mario Sisera, CDT George W. Tysowsky, DDS, MPH
Arteco Dental Technology Vice President of Technology
Zürich, Switzerland Ivoclar Vivadent
Amherst, New York
Joerg R. Strub, DMD, Dr Med Dent, Dr hc, PhD
Professor and Chair Eric Van Dooren, DDS
Department of Prosthodontics Private Practice
Associate Dean for Clinical Affairs Antwerp, Belgium
School of Dentistry
University Medical Center Freiburg
Freiburg, Germany
xi
