High Energy Physics and Cosmology - Proceedings of the 1991 Summer School (in 2 Volumes) (The Ictp Theoretical Physics)

1074 Pages·1992·30.15 MB·English

by  E Gava (editor), K Narain (editor), Seifallah Randjbar-Daemi (editor), Ergin Sezgin (editor), Qaisar Shafi (editor)

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1991 SUMMER SCHOOL IN
HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
AND COSMOLOGY

THE ICTP SERIES IN THEORETICAL PHYSICS - VOLUME 8
1991 SUMMER SCHOOL IN
HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
AND COSMOLOGY
Vol. 1
Trieste, Italy
17 June - 9 August, 1991
editors
E. GAVA
K. NARAIN
S. RANDJBAR-DAEMI
E. SEZGIN
Q. SHAFI
b
World Scientific
II
Singapore· New Jersey· London· Hong Kong
'
Published by
World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
POBox 128, Farrer Road, Singapore 9128
USA office: Suite IB, 1060 Main Street, River Edge, NJ 07661
UK office: 73 Lynton Mead, Totteridge, London N20 SDH
1991 Summer School in
HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY - Vol. 1
Copyright IE> 1992 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanica~ including photocopying, recording orany
information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without
written permission from the Publisher.
ISBN 981-02-1980-6
9S1-02-1018-3 (set)
Printed in Singapore by Utopia Press.
v
PREFACE
The International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste has been run
ning a Summer Workshop/School in High Energy Physics and Cosmology since
1981. The primary goal of these workshops/schools is to bring together active
physicists from around the world, particularly from developing countries, and
to provide a platform where the frontier developments in the field are presented
by leading workers over a period of four to six weeks.
The material of the 1991 School was covered in two parts. Part I was
devoted to many of the major phenomenological areas of high energy physics
and cosmology, while Part II covered areas in Superstrings, Superconformal
Field Theories, Matrix Models, Two-dimensional Gravity, W-Algebras, and
related topics. The two parts of the School were each followed by a Workshop
covering recent developments. In all, well over a hundred participants from
many different countries participated in the School.
As in the previous years, we were fortunate that the areas mentioned above
were presented by active physicists in the fields. We gratefully acknowledge
the participation of all the lecturers. We particularly thank those who took the
trouble to make their lecture notes available for publication in the proceedings.
The School has benefited immensely from the constant inspiration pro
vided by Professor Abdus Salam. The constant help of the ICTP staff was
essential to the smooth running of the School.
E. Gava
K. Narain
S. Randjbar-Daemi
E. Sezgin
Q. Shafi

vii
CONTENTS
Vol. I
Part 1. School
Introduction to Functional and Path Integral Methods in Quantum
Field Theory 1
J. Strathdee
Five Lectures on Applications of Perturbative QCD 35
M. Mangano
An Introduction to Theta Sectors and Instantons 84
R. Percacci
Quark Mixing and CP Violation 104
E. Pasch os
Rare B-Decays in QCD 153
A. Ali
Phenomenological Supersymmetry 193
F. Zwirner
Will LEPII Narrowly Miss the Weinberg-Salam-Higgs Boson? 233
Q. Shaft and B. Ananthanarayan
Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking 245
T. Appelquist
Anomalous Fermion Number Non-Conservation 338
M. Shaposhnikov
The Riddle of High-Energy Baryon Number Violation 375
M. Mattis
Physics of the Very Early Universe 460
R. Brandenberger
viii
Part I. Workshop
Results from LEP and Some Aspects of Its Future 540
D. Treille
Heavy Quark Effective Theory and Heavy Baryon Transitions 556
F. Hussain
Valley Method for Instanton-Induced Effects in Quantum
Field Theory 580
A. Yung
Supersymmetry and Supergravity Grand Unification 590
R. Arnowitt and P. Nath
liN Expansion and Renormalizability of a Supersymmetric Nonlinear
0' Model 601
V. Koures and K. Mahanthappa
Vol. II
Part II. School
Introduction to Topological Field Theory 623
G. Thompson
String Field Theory and Two-Dimensional Conformal Field Theory 653
A. Sen
Topological, Landau-Ginzburg Models 672
C. Vafa
Topological-Anti-Topological Fusion 682
S. Cecotti and C. Vafa
Matrix Models of 2d Gravity 785
P. Ginsparg
Lectures on W Algebras and W Gravity 827
C. Pope