High Dilution Effects: Physical and Biochemical Basis

143 Pages·2004·0.936 MB·English

by  Nirmal C. Sukul, Anirban Sukul

HIGH DILUTION EFFECTS:
PHYSICALAND BIOCHEMICALBASIS
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High Dilution Effects:
Physical and Biochemical Basis
by
Nirmal C. Sukul
Department of Zoology,
Visva-Bharati University
and
Anirban Sukul
Department of Zoology,
Visva-Bharati University
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
NEW YORK,BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW
eBookISBN: 1-4020-2156-9
Print ISBN: 1-4020-2155-0
©2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.
Print ©2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers
Dordrecht
All rights reserved
No part of this eBook maybe reproducedor transmitted inanyform or byanymeans,electronic,
mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher
Created in the United States of America
Visit Springer's eBookstore at: http://ebooks.kluweronline.com
and the Springer Global Website Online at: http://www.springeronline.com
Dedicated to
Dr. B.N. Chakravarty who has explored and realized some
of the immense therapeutic potential of Homeopathy
through years of his clinical observation.
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CONTENTS
Preface xi
Introduction 1
Chapter I
Preparation of high dilution of drugs 3
1.1. Sources of drugs 3
1.1.1. Plant materials 3
1.1.2. Animal substances 3
1.1.3. Minerals and chemicals 4
1.1.4. Other biological materials 4
1.2. Proving of drugs 4
1.3. Preparation of mother tinctures 5
1.4. Potentization of drugs 5
Succussion 5
Trituration 6
1.4.1. Conversion of solid potencies into liquid ones 7
1 .5. Preservation of remedies and pharmaceutical forms 7
Summary 8
Chapter II
Evidences for high dilution effects 11
2.1. Clinical evidences 11
2.2. Experimental evidences from animals 14
2.2.1. Biological effects on mammals and birds 15
a) Catalepsy model 16
Oral route effective 16
Dose response 16
b) Righting reflex model 17
Aqueous ethanol, the effective medium 17
2.2.2. Biological effects on amphibians 17
a) Young toads 17
b) Adult toads 18
2.2.3. Effects on chronic alcoholism 18
a) Ethanol intake 18
b) Ethanol-induced neuropathy 20
2.2.4. Effects on parasitic diseases 21
2.2.5. Electrophysiological studies 23
a) Lateral hypothalamic neurons of cats 24
vii
viii CONTENTS
b) Medial frontal cortex neurons of an awake rat 25
c) Hypothalamic neuronal responses of alcoholic rats to
Nux vomica 26
d) Hypothalamic neuronal responses of rats on salty
diet to Natrum mur 27
e) Effects on synaptic transmission 28
2.3. Experimental evidences from plants 31
2.3.1. Effect on parasites and pathogens of plants 32
2.4. Evidences from in vitro tests 33
2.4.1. Boyd’s in vitro experiment and other related experiments 34
2.4.2. In vitro experiment on red blood cells 36
Summary 37
Chapter III
Physical basis of drugs at high dilutions 39
3.1. NMR spectroscopy 40
3.1.1. NMR spectra of homeopathic potencies 46
3.2. Infra-red spectroscopy 51
3.2.1. IR spectra of homeopathic potencies 52
Fourier Transform spectroscopy 54
3.3. Electronic spectroscopy 55
Charge-transfer interaction 59
Solvation and electronic spectra 60
3.3.1. Electronic spectra of homeopathic potencies 60
3.4. Spectrofluorometry 65
3.4.1. Application of fluorescence spectroscopy to homeopathy 66
3.5. Thermoluminiscence 68
3.6. Molecular association and water structure 68
3.6.1. Structure and dynamics of liquid water 70
Transport phenomena in water 72
Action of a homeopathic potency 73
Water structure in presence of solutes 73
Trituration and nano particles 75
Aqueous ethanol as a medium 76
Summary 76
Chapter IV
Mechanism of action of potentized drugs 79
4.1. Lateralities and Homeopathy 79
4.2. Time modalities and Homeopathy 80
4.3. Similia principle and Homeopahty 81
4.4. Non-linear systems and Homeopathy 82
4.5. Miasms and their biological basis 84
CONTENTS ix
4.6. Polycrests, reappearance of past diseases and holism 85
4.7. Action of drugs at ultra high dilutions 86
4.7.1. Water as informational molecules 86
4.7.2. Two components of a homeopathic potency 87
4.7.3. Primary biomolecular target for a homeopathic potency 88
4.7.4. The cell and the plasma membrane 89
4.7.5. Membrane proteins 90
4.7.6. Biomolecules in continuous water medium 91
4.7.7. Aquaporins 92
Distribution in animals 93
Water Pump 93
Aquaporins in plants 94
Aquaporins in fungi and bacteria 94
Structure of aquaporin 95
Function of aquaporin : passage of water 96
Regulation of function of aquaporin and disease 96
4.7.8. Interaction between a potency and biomolecules 98
4.8. Role of carbohydrates in recognition process 101
4.9. Structured water and early life 103
Summary 104
References 107
Subject Index 121
Author Index 127