HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDY FOR GRAIN YIELD AND QUALITY ...

297 Pages·2014·34.25 MB·English

HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDY FOR GRAIN
YIELD AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS IN RICE
(Oryza sativa L.)

M. Sc. (Ag.) THESIS

BY

PARMESHWAR KUMAR SAHU

DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA
RAIPUR- 492 012 (C.G.)

2014
HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDY FOR GRAIN
YIELD AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS IN RICE
(Oryza sativa L.)

THESIS
SUBMITTED TO THE

INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, RAIPUR
(C.G.)

BY
PARMESHWAR KUMAR SAHU

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF

MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGRICULTURE
(GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING)

Roll No. 15471 ID No. 110108039

2014

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

“Education plays vital role in personal and social development and teacher plays a
fundamental role in imparting education. Teachers have crucial role in shaping young people not
only to face the further with confidence but also to build up it with aim and responsibility. There
is no substitute for teacher-pupil relationship”. I take this golden opportunity to express my
heartily, humble and deepest sense of gratitude to those who helped me to complete my research
possible. These words are small acknowledgement but never fully recompensed for their great help
and co-operation.
Research is a continuous process and any endeavor in this regard is always challenging
as well as exhilarating. It implies the testing of our nerves. It brings to light our patience, vigour
and dedication. Every result arrived at is a modest beginning for a higher goal. My work in the
same spirit is just a step in the ladder. It is a drop in the ocean. These days no work can be
treated as a one-man show. It needs close co-operation of friends and the guidance of experts in
the field to achieve something worthwhile and substantial.
With my sincere and deep sense of gratitude, I wish to express my sincere gratitude to
Dr. Deepak Sharma, Principal Scientist, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of
Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur and Chairman of my Advisory Committee for his valuable guidance,
planning of course work and sustained interest in the research project. It was my privilege to
work under his supervision, knowledge and enthusiastic interest, Caring nature and perfection
which he provided me throughout my research investigation despite of his busy schedule of work.
I express my cordial thanks to him for unfailing encouragement, suggestions, scholarly advice
and sympathetic attitude throughout my research work.
I emphatically and gratefully acknowledge extend my loyal and venerable thanks to
members of my Advisory Committee, Dr. Sandeep Bhandarkar, Senior Scientist, Department of
Genetics and Plant Breeding, Dr. R.R. Saxena, Professor, Department of Agricultural Statistics
and Social Science (Language) and Dr. Arti Guhe, Principle Scientist, Department of Crop
Physiology for providing proper guidance and critical comments and valuable suggestions and
diligent support lead to timely completion of this work.
I am extremely grateful to Dr. A.K. Sarawgi, Professor and Head, Department of
Genetics and Plant Breeding and Dr. S.B. Verulkar, Professor and Head, Department of Plant
Molecular Biology and Biotechnology and member of my Advisory Committee for this excellent
guidance, valuable suggestion and critical comments during course of this investigation and
providing necessary facilities.
I wish to record my grateful thanks to Dr. S. K. Patil, Hon’ble Vice Chancellor, Shri K.
C. Paikra Registrar, Dr. J.S. Urkurkar, Director Research Services, Dr. S.S. Saw, Director of
Instructions and Dr. S.R. Patel, Dean, College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur for providing
necessary facilities technical and administrative supports for conductance of this research work.
I am immensely thankful to Dr. P. K. Chandrakar, Dr. R. N. Sharma, Dr. H. C. Nanda,
Dr. Nandan Mehta, Dr. P. K. Joshi, Dr. N. K. Rastogi, Dr. Rajeev Shrivastava, Dr. (Smt.) Ritu
R. Saxena, Dr. Sandeep Bhandarkar, Dr. S. K. Nair, Shri P. L. Johnson, Dr. G. R. Sahu, Dr.
Ravindra K. Verma, Dr.(Smt.) Alice Tirkey, Shri Sunil K. Nag, Smt. Mangla Parikh, Dr.
Bhawana Sharma, Dr. Mayuri Sahu, Shri R. K. Rao, Shri Jitendra K. Tiwari, Ku. Krishna

CONTENTS
.
CHAPTER PARTICULARS PAGE NO

I. INTRODUCTION 01- 08
II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 09- 46
2.1 Combining ability 09- 24
2.2 Heterosis 24- 36
2.3 Identification of restorer and maintainer lines 36- 40
2.4 Genetic purity of hybrids at molecular level 40- 46
III. MATERIALS AND METHODS 47- 77
3.1 Experimental site 47
3.2 Climate and weather 47- 49
3.3 Experimental materials 49
3.4 Methods 49- 62
3.5 Biometrical analysis 62
3.6 Combining ability analysis 63- 65
3.7 Heterosis 66- 67
3.8 Identification of restorers and maintainer lines 67- 68
3.9 Molecular Studies 68- 77
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 78- 214
4.1 Mean performance of genotypes 78- 126
1. Mean performance of parents 79- 98
2. Mean performance of hybrids 98- 126
.
CHAPTER PARTICULARS PAGE NO

4.2 Combining ability 127- 159
1. Analysis of variance for line × tester 127- 131
2. GCA and SCA variance 131- 132
3. Combining ability analysis for GCA and SCA effects 132- 159
4.3 Heterosis 159- 203
4.4 Identification of restorers and maintainer lines 203-208
4.5 Estimation of heterosis based on genetic diversity of 208- 209
Parents at molecular level
1. Identification of SSR markers for parental polymorphism 209
2. Genetic purity of hybrid at molecular level 209- 212
3. Cluster analysis 212-214
V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND 215- 228
SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE WORK
1. Summary 215- 225
2. Conclusion 225- 227
3. Suggestions for future research work 227- 228
ABSTRACT 229- 231
REFERENCES 232- 248
APPENDIX 249-261
LIST OF TABLES

TABLE PARTICULARS PAGES
3.1 Weekly meteorological observations during crop period 48
50
3.2 Details of parents used in the study

3.3 List of characteristics, taken under investigation 5 2
3.4 The criteria for classifying the parental lines 68
71
3.5 List of SSR markers used to detect polymorphism
3.6 PCR components with their quantity for SSR markers 72
3.7 Temperature profile used for PCR amplification 72
4.1 Mean performance of parents for different characters 80
4.2 Mean performance of hybrids for different characters 99
4.3 Classification of grain on the basis of SES, IRRI 1996 for 118

33 genotypes

4.4 Classification of genotypes on the basis of ASV and GT 125
4.5 Amylase percent with genotypes 126
4.6 Analysis of variance for line × tester 128
4.7 General combining ability effects 133
4.8 Specific Combining Ability Effects 136

4.9 Mid parent Heterosis, Heterobeltiosis and Standard heterosis
161
for different characters

204
4.10 List of Identified Restorers and Maintainers

4.11 Frequency of Restorers and Maintainers 205
4.12 Genetic Relationship among Ten Different Parental Lines
213

based on SSR Marker

5.1 Characteristics of best identified CMS lines 219

5.2 Promising Hybrids Based on Mean Performance, Heterosis
221
and Combining Ability for Grain Yield per Plant

5.3 HRR for the hybrids who gave best performance for grain 222

yield per plant according to Mean Performance, Heterosis

and Combining Ability

5.4 Promising Hybrids Based on Mean Performance, Heterosis
223
and Combining Ability for Head Rice Recovery
LIST OF PLATES

PLATE
PAGE NO.
NO. PARTICULARS

3.1 CMS lines used in investigation 50
3.2 Testers used in investigation 50
3.3 Checks used in investigation 50
3.4 Crossing Process 50
3.5 Different classes of pollen fertility 67
4.1 Images of identified restorers 205

4.2a SSR marker RM 206 and RM 517 showing
211
Parental polymorphism between A and R lines

4.2b SSR marker RM 517 showing parental
211
polymorphism in A line and R lines and hybrids

4.3a SSR marker RM 206 showing parental 211

polymorphism in A line and R lines and hybrids

4.3b SSR marker RM 206 with 8 hybrid plants of 211

CRMS-32A/ Suraksha

223
5.1 Images of promising hybrids