Table Of ContentHeterosis and Combining ability estimates using L × T analysis
and Genetic divergence using SSR markers in Rice
THESIS
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
award of the degree of
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
IN
GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING
BY
B. JALANDHAR RAM
DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING
NAINI AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE
SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE,
TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES
ALLAHABAD (U.P.)-211007
2017
I.D. No: 14PHGPB101
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SELF ATTESTATION
This is to certify that I have personally worked on the thesis entitled, “Heterosis and
Combining ability estimates using L × T analysis and Genetic divergence using
SSR markers in Rice.” The data mentioned in the manuscript have been generated
during the work and are genuine. Data or information obtained from the other sources
has been duly acknowledged. None of the findings/ information pertaining to the work
has been concealed. The results embodied in this manuscript have not been submitted to
any other university or institute for the award of any Degree or Diploma.
Date: - (B. Jalandhar Ram)
Place: - Allahabad 14PHGPB101
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First and foremost, praise goes to Almighty God and my heartfelt thanks to My
Parents who have been kind to me in the entire sphere of my life and without whose
blessings. I would have never been at the position what I am.
My vocabulary fails in expressing my indebtedness to Prof. (Dr.) Rajendra B. Lal,
Honourable Vice-Chancellor, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture,
Technology & Sciences, Allahabad for giving me an opportunity to continue my
studies, encouragement and providing all facilities required to accomplish this great
task in my life.
With an utmost degree of sincerity, I avail this opportunity to express my
heartfelt thanks to my able, inspirational, role model and worthy advisor Prof. (Dr.)
Suresh B. G., Professor & I/c AICRIP Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,
Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology
& Sciences, Allahabad for his keen interest, valuable guidance, consideration, criticism
and unceasing encouragement through the thesis work. He has not only been a
knowledge and wisdom to me but most of all his words of care and hands of blessing
has been my pillar of strength and courage to complete this work in time. My fortune
may not give anything more but has given me the opportunity to work under this great
teacher and human being ……….. “Thank you so much sir”
My duty is to bestow my deep and heartfelt sense of gratitude to my Co-
Advisor (Dr.) O. N. Singh Head and Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-NRRI,
Cuttack, Odisha for his valuable suggestions and for providing all facilities for
conducting of my research and Lab work at NRRI Cuttack and active encouragement
during course of research work .
I extend my heartfelt thanks to extraneous academician my sincere gratitude to Prof.
(Dr.) P. W. Ramteke Head, Department of GPB and Dean P.G. Studies, Sam
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Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, for his
guidance and suggestions extended to me during the entire course of study.
I express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Joy Dawson Head, Department of Agronomy,
Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, for
his worthy guidance and suggestions extended to me during the entire course of study.
I wish to express my heartfelt thanks and deep sense of gratitude to my Member (Mrs.)
G. Roopa Lavanya, Associate Professor, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding
for her guidance, valuable suggestions and constant encouragement throughout the
period of my study, during the course of this investigation and for her valuable help for
the completion of my thesis work.
My heartfelt thanks is to Prof. (Dr.) Shailesh Marker, Director Research, Sam
Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad for his
worthy guidance and suggestions extended to me during the entire course of this study.
I would like to express my heartful indebtedness to Dr. G. M. Lal, Dr. P. K. Rai, Dr.
Abhinav Dayal, Mrs. Bineeta Bara, Mr. Sucel John, and Mr. James and other
faculty members of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom
University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, for their kind co-
operation and support.
I am very much grateful and thankful to Sri Sura Balakrishna, IDES, Vice
Chairman & Managing Director (APSSDC Ltd.) entrusted in me the spirit of
confidence to successfully complete this task.
I equally owe my deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Prabhakar Rao, Dr. P. Satish
Kumar and Dr. U. Prasada Rao of NSPL giving me the first job opportunity and
meticulous suggestions for my career advancement and stand as a pillar of inspiration
for my life.
I gratefully record my indebtedness Ram Lakhan Verma sir, Senior Scientist NRRI,
Cuttak for his constant encouragement and support.
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I have also to express my gratitude to seniors G. K. Mohan Reddy, P.V.Koteswara
Rao, K. L. Sailaja, and M. C. Latha and all my seniors and batch mates of Seed
officers of A.P and T.S who always encouraged me to complete this task.
My gratitude is extended to all the teaching and non-teaching staff for their help and
cooperation and the higher authorities of the Sam Higginbottom University of
Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, for their kind co-operation and
support.
I think words would not be enough to depict on this paper, my feelings about my
loving all family members for their love, blessings, continuous encouragement and
inspiration. They are the pillars of strength and inspiration, which makes me to strive
for a bright future.
People to whom I owe my thanks, love, respect and regards are my good friends
Bezzipuram, Mouli, Madhu, Kalyan, Murali, Satish Reddy, Mahesh, Teja, Jami,
Manmadha, Girish, Sivasankar, Sahidullah, Sudheer, Himansu, Prasanna,
Bixam, Santhi, Spandana, Swarna, Latha, Neha Thomas, Neha Srivastav , Sanjay,
Prudhvi, Phani, Dhatri who have always taken care of me, helped and supported me
to reach this height. Their pure affection, concern, inspirations have always been my
lifeline and the joy of living. Last but not the least I thank everyone who is related in
any way directly or indirectly with my thesis work for their help and encouragement.
Date: B.JALANDHAR
RAM
Place: Allahabad ID No. 14PHGPB101
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ABSTRACT
Heterosis and Combining ability estimates using L × T analysis and Genetic divergence using
SSR markers in Rice
B. Jalandhar Ram Prof (Dr.) Suresh. B.G.
Researcher Advisor
The present investigation was carried out with the objective to collect the basic information on
heterosis, combining ability and genetic divergence at morphological and molecular level by using
SSR markers. Ten genotypes (7 lines and 3 testers) were selected based on perse performance for
grain yield/plant after evaluating 100 genotypes during kharif, 2014. Selected lines and testers used
for further experimentation and crossing programme initiated by using line x tester mating design in
kharif, 2015 to generate 21 hybrids at Field Experimentation Centre, Department of Genetics and
Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad . Twenty one hybrids along with
ten parents and three checks, a total of 34 genotypes evaluated during Rabi, 2015-16 at National
Rice Research Institute, (formerly Central Rice Research Institute), Cuttack. Data recorded on
different yield and yield attributing traits.
The analysis of variance for heterosis revealed significant differences for all the characters studied.
The differences among the parents were observed to be significant for all the characters studied
while parents vs. crosses were observed to be significant for all the characters except flag leaf length
and crosses were observed to be significant for all the characters except panicle length and Harvest
Index.
Economic heterosis for grain yield/plant was observed in four crosses namely NLR 34449 x SHIATS
Dhan1 followed by Sahabhagi dhan x SHIATS Dhan1, BPT 2615 x NDR-359 and MTU 1010 x BM
71 compared to the checks Jaya and IR-64.
The analysis of variance for combining ability showed high significance of crosses for all the traits
studied. The variance due to lines and testers were significant for all the characters studied. All the
traits were observed significant for line × tester interaction. The SCA variances were higher than
GCA variances for all the characters indicating the predominance of non-additive gene action.
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Description:heterosis, combining ability and genetic divergence at watershed in Almora district of Uttarakhand, were evaluated for the
