Table Of ContentHeritage Building Information Modelling
Building Information Modelling (BIM) is being debated, tested and implemented wherever you look across
the built environment sector. This book is about Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM), which
necessarily differs from the commonplace applications of BIM to new construction.
Where BIM is being used, the focus is still very much on design and construction. However, its use as an
operational and management tool for existing buildings, particularly heritage buildings, is lagging behind.
The first of its kind, this book aims to clearly define the scope for HBIM and present cutting-edge research
findings alongside international case studies, before outlining challenges for the future of HBIM research and
practice.
After an extensive introduction to HBIM, the core themes of the book are arranged into four parts:
• Restoration philosophies in practice
• Data capture and visualisation for maintenance and repair
• Building performance
• Stakeholder engagement
This book will be a key reference for built environment practitioners, researchers, academics and students
engaged in BIM, HBIM, building energy modelling, building surveying, facilities management and heritage
conservation more widely.
Yusuf Arayici is a Professor of Civil Engineering and the Dean of the Faculty of Engineering at Hasan Kaly-
oncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey, and his research spans from BIM and process modelling to sustainable urban
regeneration and heritage modelling through research and enterprise projects.
John Counsell is an academic and Head of Postgraduate Studies at Cardiff School of Art and Design, Car-
diff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK. He has expertise in conservation, Heritage-BIM (HBIM), BIM,
GIS, architectural technologies, building pathologies, RFID and dynamic monitoring of building performance
using sensors.
Lamine Mahdjoubi is Professor of ICT at the Department of Architecture and the Built Environment, UWE,
Bristol, UK, where he leads the interdisciplinary Building Information Modelling Research Group.
Gehan Nagy is a Researcher in the Faculty of Engineering, the British University, Cairo, Egypt.
Soheir Hawas is Professor of Architecture at the Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Cairo
University, Egypt.
Khaled Dewidar is Professor of History and Theories of Architecture at the British University, Cairo, Egypt,
and he is the Associate Dean for Teaching and Learning at the Faculty of Engineering.
Heritage Building Information
Modelling
Edited by Yusuf Arayici, John Counsell,
Lamine Mahdjoubi, Gehan Nagy, Soheir Hawas
and Khaled Dewidar
First published 2017
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
© 2017 selection and editorial matter, Yusuf Arayici, John Counsell, Lamine Mahdjoubi, Gehan Nagy,
Soheir Hawas and Khaled Dewidar; individual chapters, the contributors
The right of Yusuf Arayici, John Counsell, Lamine Mahdjoubi, Gehan Nagy, Soheir Hawas and Khaled
Dewidar to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual
chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and
Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by
any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying
and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from
the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used
only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested
ISBN: 978-1-138-64568-4 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-62801-1 (ebk)
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Contents
List of contributors vii
1 Introduction 1
JOHN COUNSELL AND YUSUF ARAYICI
2 It’s BIM – but not as we know it! 6
JOHN EDWARDS
3 What are the goals of HBIM? 15
JOHN COUNSELL AND TIM TAYLOR
4 Heritage and time: mapping what is not there 32
DAVID LITTLEFIELD
5 From history to heritage: Viollet-le-Duc’s concept on historic preservation 45
KHALED DEWIDAR
6 Integrating value map with Building Information Modeling approach for
documenting historic buildings in Egypt 50
SOHEIR HAWAS AND MOHAMED MARZOUK
7 Capturing heritage data with 3D laser scanners 61
ANTONY PIDDUCK
8 Evaluation of historic masonry: towards greater objectivity and efficiency 75
ENRIQUE VALERO, FRÉDÉRIC BOSCHÉ, ALAN FORSTER, LYN WILSON
AND ALICK LESLIE
9 HBIM applications in Egyptian heritage sites 102
YASMINE SABRY HEGAZI
vi Contents
10 Planning of sustainable bridges using building information modeling 114
MOHAMED MARZOUK AND MOHAMED HISHAM
11 Jeddah Heritage Building Information Modelling (JHBIM) 133
AHMAD BAIK AND JAN BOEHM
12 Algorithmic approaches to BIM modelling from reality 154
EBENHAESER JOUBERT AND YUSUF ARAYICI
13 HBIM and environmental simulation: possibilities and challenges 190
HUSAM BAKR KHALIL
14 Green BIM in heritage building: integrating Building Energy Models (BEM)
with Building Information Modeling (BIM) for sustainable retrofit of
heritage buildings 203
LAILA KHODEIR
15 HBIM, a case study perspective for building performance 218
YUSUF ARAYICI
16 From LiDAR data towards HBIM for energy analysis 224
LUCÍA DÍAZ-VILARIÑO, PAWEL BOGUSLAWSKI, MIGUEL AZENHA, LAMINE MAHDJOUBI,
PAULO B. LOURENÇO AND PEDRO ARIAS
17 Participatory sensing for community engagement with HBIM 242
JOHN COUNSELL AND GEHAN NAGY
18 Development of OntEIR framework to support heritage clients 257
SHADAN DWAIRI AND LAMINE MAHDJOUBI
19 Conclusion 269
YUSUF ARAYICI, JOHN COUNSELL AND LAMINE MAHDJOUBI
Index 275
List of contributors
Editors’ biographies
Yusuf Arayici is a professor in Hasan Kalyoncu University in Gaziantep, Turkey, and his research
spans from BIM and process modelling to sustainable urban regeneration and Heritage Building
Information Modelling through research and enterprise projects. He built up his academic career
mainly in the School of the Built Environment at the University of Salford, UK. He undertook
research in user requirements capture, process modelling and BIM. He graduated 11 PhD stu-
dents and authored over 70 publications, including journal and conference papers, articles and
monographs, book chapters and two books, titled Requirements Engineering for Computer Integrated
Environments in Construction and Building Information Modelling.
John Counsell is an academic and head of postgraduate studies in Cardiff School of Art and Design
of Cardiff Metropolitan University. He has expertise in Conservation, Heritage-BIM (HBIM),
BIM, GIS, Architectural Technologies, Building Pathologies, RFID and dynamic monitoring of
building performance using sensors. John Counsell is an MSc Architect RIBA ACIAT and origi-
nally a conservation architect and one of the early adopters of 3D digital modelling and simula-
tion of buildings from 1985. He has significant experience of CAD and BIM in architectural and
conservation practice and 20 years of experience of research into BIM/GIS and web-based col-
laborative tools, leading to over 40 publications.
Khaled Dewidar is professor of history and theories of architecture in the British University of
Cairo, and he is currently associate dean for teaching and learning of the Faculty of Engineering.
He was the head of the Architecture Department from 2009–2014. Prior to 2009, Prof. Dewidar
was a professor at Ain Shams University, where he led research teams documenting heritage and
analysing historic buildings. He has supervised 12 PhD degrees as well as 49 masters’ theses in this
domain – architecture, heritage documentation, ICT in architectural practice, history and theories
of architecture, architectural design, building techniques and building construction, green archi-
tecture and sustainable development.
Soheir Hawas is a professor of architecture in the Department of Architecture and Urban Planning
of Cairo University. She was the secretary of the Council of the Department of Architecture from
1998–2005. She is the founder and former chair of the Research Studies & Politics Department
at the National Organization for Urban Harmony (NOUH), Ministry of Culture, Egypt. Prof.
Hawas is a leading heritage researcher and has supervised some 65 PhD and masters’ theses.
Lamine Mahdjoubi is professor of ICT in the Built Environment, UWE, Bristol. He leads the
interdisciplinary Building Information Modelling Research Group, at the Department of Archi-
tecture and the Built Environment. His research spans the social, health and environmental aspects
of the built environment. He has extensive experience in developing novel computer-based
simulation techniques and designing decision-support tools to examine user-built environment
viii List of contributors
interaction. He has presented to various conferences and seminars on BIM and safety and risk
management. He is co-organising the current UK workshop series for practitioners on “Exploring
the Impact of BIM on Health and Safety”. He is a member of the board of International Making
Cities Livable (USA), visiting professor at Robert Gordon University and chief external examiner
at Heriot-Watt University.
Gehan Nagy has worked in several research projects and taught several architectural courses in a
number of Egyptian and UK schools of architecture during her doctoral and postdoctoral studies.
She then worked in a number of private higher education institutions in Egypt, where she taught
many architectural courses. In 2012 she helped in developing the curriculum and establishing the
Architectural Department at one of the higher educational intuitions. Dr Nagy is an experienced
researcher into the impacts of the built environment on people (including on health and human
bio energy), ecosystems and passive technologies of local heritage.
Chapter authors’ biographies
Pedro Arias is a professor at the University of Vigo. He got his PhD from the University of Vigo,
where he developed photogrammetric methods for the documentation of historic agro-industrial
constructions. His current research covers a wide range of applications of geotechnologies to civil
and building engineering, such as monitoring and intelligent management of infrastructures and
energy efficiency of historic buildings.
Miguel Azenha is an assistant professor at the Department of Civil Engineering of the University
of Minho in Guimarães, Portugal. He is a full member of the Institute in Sustainability and Inno-
vation in Structural Engineering. He is experienced in three main fields: (i) multi-physics simula-
tion of the overall behaviour of construction materials, based on binders such as cement or lime;
(ii) development and application of new experimental techniques for material characterisation
of cement-based materials, namely in terms of thermal and mechanical properties; (iii) Building
Information Modelling, particularly in concern to a direct contact between the academic and
industrial environment for technology transfer.
Ahmad Baik is an architect and a lecturer at King Abdul-Aziz University (KAU) and researcher
at University College London (UCL) who specialises in Islamic Architecture and Historic Build-
ings “Documentation and Management”, since 2003. Baik’s PhD thesis is about using Building
Information Modelling (BIM) to document and manage the historic buildings in Saudi Arabia.
Baik has published numerous papers about the subject of Jeddah Historical Building Information
Modelling (JHBIM).
Jan Boehm’s research focuses on photogrammetry, image understanding and robotics. With his
background in computer science he wants to bridge the remaining gap between photogram-
metry and computer vision. The latter provides key components to increased productivity in the
geomatic processing pipeline. In past projects he already successfully leveraged the productivity in
terrestrial laser scanning by introducing automation to georeferencing by direct georeferencing,
automated registration using intensity features and automated modelling strategies.
Pawel Boguslawski is a researcher in the Faculty of Environment and Technology at the Uni-
versity of the West of England (UWE), United Kingdom. His research is focused on 3D spatial
modelling, data structures and emergency response in the built environment. He has been leading
several research projects and supervising postdoc, PhD students and research assistants at Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), where he was working as senior lecturer in the Department of Geo-
information. He got his PhD from the University of Glamorgan in 2011 in the field of GIS, where
he worked on data structures for 3D building modelling.
List of contributors ix
Frédéric Bosché is an international graduate and researcher, having studied and then worked in
five different countries over the last 15 years. Since 2011, Frédéric has been a lecturer within the
School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh
(UK). Frédéric has been involved in several research projects in the fields of sensing, data pro-
cessing, visualisation and analytics in the AEC sector (and beyond). His current and recent fields
of interest include automated construction dimensional control using 3D imaging technologies;
immersive mixed reality systems; and wearable technologies for health and safety.
Lucía Díaz-Vilariño is a postdoctoral researcher in geomatics, surveying and remote sensing at
the University of Vigo. She has been a visiting researcher at several research and academic institu-
tions: the Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, Enschede (Netherlands,
2013), the Institute Für Photogrammetry, Stuttgart (Germany, 2014), the Department of Civil
Engineering of the University of Minho, Guimarães (Portugal, 2015) and the Department
of Architecture and the Built Environment of the University of the West of England, Bristol
(UK, 2015).
Shadan Dwairi is currently a PhD student in the University of the West of England, Architecture
Department; she has a master’s degree in architecture from Jordan University of Science and Tech-
nology. Dwairi has nine years of experience as an architect, three of them as senior architect and
the head of tender department, in which she managed to land numerous projects in conservation,
rehabilitation and restoration; she also worked as a lecturer in the Department of Architecture.
John Edwards was, until April 2014, assistant director of Cadw, the Welsh government’s historic
environment service. On behalf of Welsh ministers, John was responsible for the management of
129 historic sites in state care, including ICOMOS World Heritage Sites at five locations. Whilst
at Cadw John initiated and led the Welsh government’s first live energy efficiency research project
for traditional buildings, which included HBIM. Prior to Cadw John worked for English Heritage.
John is now a director of Edwards Hart, a multidisciplined consultancy practice, where he leads on
building conservation, sustainability, energy efficiency, standard setting and training.
Alan Forster is associate professor (senior lecturer) in building conservation, low carbon design and
construction technology at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh. He is programme leader for MSc
in building conservation (technology & management) and has 10 years’ industrial experience in
building surveying, general construction and building conservation practice. Professionally, Alan is
a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Building (FCIOB); an elected member of the Royal Institu-
tion of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) Building Surveying Professional Group (Scotland); a member
of the Editorial Advisory Group for the RICS Conservation Journal and a member of the Editorial
Advisory Board for Structural Survey: Journal of Building Pathology & Refurbishment.
Yasmine Sabry Hegazi is a university professor in the Architecture Department of the Faculty of
Engineering at Zagazig University, and PhD holder of architecture with a specialisation in world
heritage sites management and monitoring. She has 14 years’ experience in architectural conserva-
tion including on-site supervision, projects management and planning. She is skilled and experi-
enced in producing technical assessments and confident with legal regulations concerning cultural
heritage sites. Her PhD was about world heritage site management and monitoring.
Mohamed Hisham is a civil engineer. He received his BSc and MSc in civil engineering from
Cairo University in 2007 and 2011, respectively. His expertise has been in the fields of structural
engineering, construction management (planning, scheduling and cost control) and execution of
different project types such as residential buildings, administrative buildings and industrial projects.
His experience covers different phases of projects, including design, planning and construction.
His research interests include Building Information Modelling (BIM) applications, cost estimation
