Table Of ContentHerbicides, Physiology of Action, and Safety
Edited by Andrew Price, Jessica Kelton
and Lina Sarunaite
Herbicides, Physiology of Action, and Safety
Edited by Andrew Price, Jessica Kelton and Lina Sarunaite
Stole src from http://avxhome.se/blogs/exLib/
Published by AvE4EvA
Copyright © 2015
All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for
commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which
ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work
has been published, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in
any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the
work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify
the original source.
As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published
chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly
credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications.
Notice
Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors
and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the
accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no
responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any
materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book.
Publishing Process Manager
Technical Editor AvE4EvA MuViMix Records
Cover Designer
Published December 04, 2015
ISBN-10: 953-51-2217-7
ISBN-13: 978-953-51-2217-3
Спизжено у ExLib: avxhome.se/blogs/exLib
C ontents
Preface
Chapter 1 Reducing Herbicide Residues from Agricultural Runoff and
Seepage Water
by George F. Antonious
Chapter 2 Potato Production near Glyphosate-resistant Crops — Injury
Potential
by Harlene Hatterman-Valenti and Andrew P. Robinson
Chapter 3 Urban Impact on Selected Pre-Emergence Herbicides in
Sediment cores
by Damien A. Devault , Georges Merlina, Hélène Pascaline, Lim
Puy and Eric Pinelli
Chapter 4 Triazine Herbicides in the Environment
by Sarka Klementova and Lucie Keltnerova
Chapter 5 Biomonitoring the Environmental Quality by Bees
by Maria Claudia C. Ruvolo-Takasusuki, Ludimilla Ronqui, Ana
Lúcia P. Barateiro-Stuchi, Mayra C. Araujo, Fábio Fermino, Pedro R.
Santos and Vagner de Alencar de Toledo
Chapter 6 Herbicides and Adjuvants
by Zvonko Pacanoski
Chapter 7 Binding Mode Identification for 7-keto-8-Aminopelargonic Acid
Synthase (AtKAPAS) Inhibitors
by Nam Sook Kang, Jung-Sup Choi and In-Taek Hwang
Chapter 8 Modes of Action of Different Classes of Herbicides
by Shariq I. Sherwani, Ibrahim A. Arif and Haseeb A. Khan
Chapter 9 The Role of White-rot Fungi in Herbicide Transformation
by Olga V. Koroleva, Anatoly V. Zherdev and Natalia A. Kulikova
VI Contents
Chapter 10 Herbicide Metabolism in Weeds — Selectivity and Herbicide
Resistance
by István Jablonkai
Chapter 11 Bioherbicides
by Zvonko Pacanoski
Chapter 12 Determining the Selectivity of Herbicides and Assessing
Their Effect on Plant Roots - A Case Study with Indaziflam and
Glyphosate Herbicides
by Flavio Martins Garcia Blanco, Yuri Guerreiro Ramos, Murilo
Francischinelli Scarso and Lúcio André de Castro Jorge
Chapter 13 Safety Measures for Handlers/Workers against Herbicide
Intoxication Risk
by Joaquim G. Machado-Neto
Chapter 14 Assessment of Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.)
Resistance to ALS-inhibiting Herbicides
by Anna M. Szmigielski, Jeff J. Schoenau and Hugh J. Beckie
Preface
Herbicides are one of the most widely used groups of
pesticides worldwide for controlling weedy species in
agricultural and non-crop settings. Due to the extensive use of
herbicides and their value in weed management, herbicide
research remains crucial for ensuring continued effective use
of herbicides while minimizing detrimental effects to
ecosystems. Presently, a wide range of research continues to
focus on the physiology of herbicide action, the environmental
impact of herbicides, and safety.
The authors of Herbicides, Physiology of Action, and Safety
cover multiple topics concerning current valuable herbicide
research.
Chapter 1
Reducing Herbicide Residues from Agricultural Runoff
and Seepage Water
George F. Antonious
Additional information is available at the end of the chapter
http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/60870
Abstract
Herbicide use while being of a great benefit in controlling weeds in agricultural systems
can also pose a threat to environmental quality due to off-target and off-site impacts. The
increasing concern about risks associated with agricultural chemicals and specifically
their impact on surface and groundwater quality is a national and international concern.
In Kentucky, herbicide off-site movement occurs, allowing them to enter the Kentucky
River watershed and impact surface and groundwater quality. Accordingly, it is necessa‐
ry to assess the distribution and degradation/dissipation of herbicides in agricultural soils
and runoff water after field application and develop management practices and/or reme‐
diation techniques to mitigate environmental pollution by agrochemicals. The overall
goal of the best management practices is to develop sustainable agricultural techniques
that strike an acceptable balance between crop production benefits and ecological conser‐
vation by reducing herbicide impact on environmental quality to 1) protect watersheds
by reducing the mobility of herbicides from soil into runoff and seepage water using
binding agents; 2) enhance soil microbial activity that mineralizes herbicides in soil; and
3) enhance growers’ knowledge about bioremediation techniques (soil amendments, bio‐
filters, biochar, and soil microorganisms) that could be implemented to reduce herbicide
mobility and protect natural water resources.
Keywords: Biofilter, Biochar, Soil amendments, Organic matter, GC-MSD
1.Introduction
In Kentucky agriculture, herbicides (metribuzin, bensulide, dacthal, halosulfuron, carfentra‐
zone, trifluralin, napropamide, and pendimethalin) are applied according to crop production
guidelines [1]; however, their application period typically coincides with seasonal rainfall. In
intensively cultivated areas, agriculture is a significant source of herbicides associated with
