Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods, 21 e 2006

4106 Pages·2006·141.69 MB·English

by  Matthew R. Pincus

McPherson & Pincus: Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory
Methods, 21st ed.
Copyright © 2006 W. B. Saunders Company
Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods
Twenty-First Edition
Richard A. McPherson, MD
Harry P. Dalton Professor and Chairman, Division of Clinical Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University
Director, Clinical Pathology, Medical College of Virginia Hospitals, Richmond, Virginia, USA
Matthew R. Pincus, MD PhD
Professor, Department of Pathology, State University of New York Health Sciences Center at Brooklyn
Chairman, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Harbor Veterans Affairs Health
Care System, Brooklyn and New York, New York, USA
Associate Editors:
Naif Z. Abraham Jr, MD PhD
Staff Pathologist, Director of Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Department of
Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Assistant Professor, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
Martin H. Bluth, MD PhD
Director of Research, Assistant Professor, Departments of Surgery and Pathology, SUNY Downstate Medical
Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
Robert E. Hutchison, MD
Professor of Pathology, Director of Clinical Pathology and Director of Hematopathology, Department of
Pathology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
Mark S. Lifshitz, MD
Director, Clinical Laboratories, NYU Medical Center
Clinical Professor, Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
H. Davis Massey, MD PhD
Assistant Professor of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
Jonathan L. Miller, MD PhD
Professor and Vice Chairman, Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Gregory A. Threatte, MD
Professor of Pathology, Director of Core Laboratories and Outreach, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse,
NY, USA
Elizabeth Unger, MD PhD
Team Leader, Human Papillomavirus Laboratory, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, GA, USA
Gail L. Woods, MD
Professor of Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock,
AR, USA
Dedication
Dedication
To
our wives,
Stephanie Sammartino McPherson
and Naomi Pincus
and children,
Jennifer and Marianne McPherson
for their love and support in the undertaking of this work, for which we are deeply grateful.
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© 2007 21st Edition
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Copyright renewed 1975 by Mrs. Anne Ophelia Todd Dowden
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Copyright renewed 1951, 1946, 1942, 1940, 1936 by Edith B. Todd
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McPherson & Pincus: Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory
Methods, 21st ed.
Copyright © 2006 W. B. Saunders Company
Dr John Bernard Henry: A Tribute
Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods is a highly acclaimed text in the field
of clinical pathology and has served as a major resource for practitioners in all fields of medicine. It has
chronicled the dramatic and revolutionary changes in diagnostic medicine for almost a century. It was
first written under the title A Manual of Clinical Diagnosis in 1908 by the legendary James C. Todd MD,
who edited the first six editions, and was joined on the sixth edition by Dr Arthur H. Sanford MD. Dr
Sanford continued with four more editions of this book on his own and was joined on the 11th edition by
Dr George G. Stillwell and on the 12th edition by Dr Benjamin B. Wells. The 13th edition was edited by
Dr Wells and Dr Israel Davidsohn, a pioneer in the field of clinical and diagnostic immunology, and was
renamed Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods. This change in title reflected the major shift in
medical diagnostic testing from disparate laboratories, many using indigenous methodologies, to the
central diagnostic laboratories using standardized testing with appropriate method verification.
In 1969, Dr John Bernard Henry joined Dr Davidsohn in the editorship of the 14th edition of this textbook.
This was a most fortunate development. Dr Henry, as Professor of Pathology at the State University of
New York Upstate Medical Center in Syracuse and Director of the Clinical Pathology service at this
medical center, was a pioneer in the organization of the clinical pathology laboratories and an innovator
in introducing state-of-the-art methods into the centralized diagnostic laboratory. Dr Henry has been and
continues to be an outstanding teacher who has been central to the training of multiple generations of
leaders in the field of laboratory medicine. His major focus has always been on the patient, and he
established the principle that the ultimate verification of the validity of the result of any test is whether it
leads to appropriate and effective therapeutic intervention. This principle requires close interactions
between the clinical pathologist and the clinician. Thus, as an editor of this textbook, in addition to
promoting discussions of the exciting new developments in testing methodologies that span a vast
panorama from spectrophotometry to microscopic diagnosis to molecular biological approaches such as
polymerase chain reaction, Dr Henry also emphasized the clinical aspects of the diseases that are
diagnosed by them. This synthesis and the broad coverage of the vast area encompassing the field of
clinical pathology ensured that this book succeeded in serving as the standard reference text for both
laboratorians and clinicians.
Both Drs Davidsohn and Henry edited the 15th edition of this book, published in 1974. Dr Davidsohn
died in 1979 at the age of 84, and Dr Henry became the editor for the 16th-20th editions. In the 16th
edition, reflecting his emphasis on patient care and the emerging importance of using laboratory tests to
follow the progression of disease and the efficacy of therapy, Dr Henry gave this book its current title,
Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Under his guidance, this textbook has
continued to maintain and expand its tradition of informing the reader of the most recent developments in
laboratory testing for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and of describing how testing is used both
to screen for the presence of disease and to monitor progress in the management of disease.
It is a great honor for both of us that we have inherited the mantle of so prolific and distinguished a
medical scholar as Dr John Bernard Henry. Both of us have benefited immensely from our close
association with him over the past several decades. It is with great humility and respect that we assume
editorship of this flagship textbook that has been molded by him and by all of the other outstanding
leaders in the field of diagnostic medicine. We feel most fortunate to be able to continue to interact with
Dr Henry. We are and will always be deeply indebted to him for his massive contributions to the fields of
clinical pathology and diagnostic medicine, his outstanding example as a physician and teacher, and his
profound contributions as editor of this textbook that have ensured that this book has taken its place
among the most significant textbook contributions in modern medicine.
In tribute to him and his leadership over the last seven editions of this book, it will henceforth be
permanently titled Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods.
Richard A. McPherson, MD Matthew R. Pincus, MD PhD
Copyright © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. - www.mdconsult.com
McPherson & Pincus: Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory
Methods, 21st ed.
Copyright © 2006 W. B. Saunders Company
List of Contributors
Naif Z. Abraham Jr, MD PhD
Staff Pathologist, Director of Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Department, of
Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Assistant Professor, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
Yoshihiro Ashihara, PhD
Vice President, Board Member, Research & Development Division, Fujirebio Inc., Tokyo, Japan
Katalin Banki, MD
Assistant Professor of Pathology, Director of Special Hematology, Department of Pathology, SUNY Upstate
Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
Wendy V. Beadling, MS MT(ASCP)SBB
Assistant Supervisor, Blood Bank, Clinical Pathology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
Jennifer Beane, BA BE
PhD Candidate, Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
Sylva Bem, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Division of Hematopathology, SUNY Upstate Medical
University, Syracuse, NY, USA
Jonathan Ben-Ezra, MD
Professor of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine,
Richmond, VA, USA
Gary E. Blank, PhD
Associate Professor of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA,
USA
Martin H. Bluth, MD PhD
Director of Research, Assistant Professor, Departments of Surgery and Pathology, SUNY Downstate Medical
Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
Jay L. Bock, MD PhD
Professor and Acting Chair, Department of Pathology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony
Brook, NY, USA
Michael J. Borowitz, MD PhD
Professor of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University/Medical Center, Baltimore, MD,
USA
Paul W. Brandt-Rauf, MD PhD DPH
Chairman, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia
College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
David J. Bylund, MD
Staff Pathologist, Department of Pathology, Scripps Clinic - Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA, USA
Robert P. Carty, PhD
Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, SUNY Health Science Center at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY,
USA
Laura Cooling, MD MS
Clinical Assistant Professor, Associate Director, Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, University
of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Michael Costello, PhD
Technical Director, Advocate Shared Services Laboratory, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge,
IL, USA
Ann C. Croft, MT(ASCP)
Supervisor, Bacteriology Laboratory, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Judy A. Daly, PhD
Clinical Professor, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Robertson D. Davenport, MD
Associate Professor of Pathology, Medical Director, Blood Bank and Transfusion Service, Ann Arbor, MI,
USA
Robert P. De Cresce, MD MBA MPH
Chairman, Department of Pathology
Director, Rush Medical Laboratories, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Julio C. Delgado, MD
Assistant Professor of Pathology, University of Utah
Associate Director, Laboratory of Immunology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Charles DeLisi, PhD
Professor, Senior Associate Provost, Curriculum & Teaching, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
D. Robert Dufour, MD
Chief, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
M. Tarek Elghetany, MD
Professor and Vice-Chairman, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX,
USA
Amal F. Farag, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, New York Harbour Healthcare System,
Brooklyn, NY, USA
Andrea Ferreira-Gonzalez, PhD
Professor and Director, Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Medical College of
Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
Daniel Fink, MD
Associate Clinical Professor of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center,
New York, NY, USA
Louis M. Fink, MD
Director, Core Laboratory Services, Nevada Cancer Institute, Las Vegas, NV, USA
Thomas R. Fritsche, PhD MD ABMM
Director of Laboratories, JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA
Carleton T. Garrett, MD PhD
Division Chief, Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
Susan S. Graham, MS MT(ASCP)SH
Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, SUNY Upstate Medical
University, Syracuse, NY, USA
Wayne W. Grody, MD PhD
Professor, Division of Molecular Pathology and Medical Genetics, Director, Diagnostic Molecular Pathology
Laboratory, Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, and Human Genetics, UCLA
School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Helena A. Guber, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, New York Harbour Healthcare System,
Brooklyn, NY, USA
Geraldine S. Hall, PhD
Professor of Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation,
Cleveland, OH, USA
Rosemarie E. Hardin, MD
Resident, Department of Surgery, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA