Table Of Content© Entomologica Fennica. 29.III.1993
Hemiptera of Iraq. II. Cydnidae, Thaumastellidae, Pentatomidae,
Stenocephalidae, Coreidae, Alydidae, Rhopalidae, and
Pyrrhocoridae
Rauno E. Linnavuori
Linnavuori, R. E. 1993: Hemiptera of Iraq. II. Cydnidae, Thaumastellidae,
Pentatomidae, Stenocephalidae, Coreidae, Alydidae, Rhopalidae, and Pyrrho
coridae. - Entomol. Fennica 4:37-56.
The article contains a list of the known records of the Cydnidae, Thaumastel
lidae, Pentatomidae, Stenocephalidae, Coreidae, Alydidae, Rhopalidae, and
Pyrrhocoridae of Iraq and Kuwait. Notes on the biology and distributional
data are also included. New synonymy: Aethus sahlbergi (Reuter) = A.
hispidulus (Klug). Lectotype is designated for Aethus sahlbergi (Reuter).
Rauno E. Linnavuori, Somersoja, SF-21220 Raisio 22, Finland
Surprisingly few records have hitherto been pub Canthophorus melanopterus (Herrich-Schliffer,
lished on the Hemipteran fauna of Iraq and Ku 1835)
wait. The present paper is primarily based on my
Material: Ana, I ex, 25.VI.l966; Rawa, 3 exx,
own field work in 1979-1981, when I was
24.VI.l966, in AG.
working in the Ministry of Agriculture, Abu
Distribution: Holomediterranean.
Ghraib, in Iraq. The collection of this institute
was also revised. The new species detected were
Exosehirus validus (Jakovlev, 1877)
published by me separately in 1984.
N Iraq (Hoberlandt 1961:200).
Distribution: Irano-Turanian.
Cydnidae
Exosehirus sargon Linnavuori, 1984
Exosehirus sargon Linnavuori 1984:2.
Sehirinae
Material: Irbil, near Salahuddin, male holotype, 13-
14.VI.l980, Linnavuori, in coli. Linnavuori.
Sehirus robustus Horvath, 1895
Distribution: Endemic.
Material: Duhok, 1 ex, 12.VIII.l972, Al-Qadi, in AG
(=the Plant Protection Department, Ministry of Agriculture,
Crocistethus waltlianus (Fieber, 1836)
Abu Ghraib, Baghdad).
Distribution: Anatolian, known from Turkey Material: Kuysunjag-Irbil, I ex, 12.IV.I980, Linnavuori.
and Caucasia. Distribution: Holomediterranean.
38 Linnavuori: Hemiptera of Iraq. II. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 4
Ochetostethus opacus (Scholtz, 1847) Aethus rugosus (Jakovlev, 1874)
Material: near Darbandikhan, I ex, 13.V.l980; Shaykh Material: Abu Ghraib, 5 exx, 29.V.l965, 6.VI.l966,
Addi, I ex, II.V.l981, Linnavuori. 22.VI.l967, in AG; near Safwan, 2 exx, 25.VI.l980,
A revision of the genus in Kerzhner 1976:33- Linnavuori.
43. Distribution: Irano-Turanian.
Distribution: Holomediterranean with a wide
range in Central and southern parts of North
Aethus pilosulus (Klug, 1845)
Europe.
Material: Many exx from Abu Ghraib, 6.VI.l956,
15.XI.l965, 1-8.1X.l966, in AG; Baghdad, IX.1979, IV
Cydninae VII.1980; AI Haditha, 13.VII1.1979; Tharthar lake,
23.VIII.l979, 2.VI.l980, Linnavuori.
Distribution: Holomediterranean.
Cydnus aterrimus (Forster, 1771)
Material: Mosul, many exx, 28.VIII.l980; AI Qosh, I
ex, 25.VIII.I980, Linnavuori. Byrsinocoris nigroscutellatus Montandon, 1900
Distribution: Holomediterranean, extending Material: Arabia: Oman Desert, 1 ex, in coli. Linna
into Central Europe and the Oriental Region. vuori.
Distribution: Eremian; previously known from
Amaurocoris curtus (Brulle, 1838) Algeria. The first record from The Arabian Pe
ninsula.
Material: Najaf-Shabakah, 2 exx, 23.VI.l981, Linna
vuori.
Distribution: Eremian. Macroscytus brunneus (Fabricius, 1803)
Material: Numerous exx from Abu Ghraib; Darband,
Amaurocoris orbicularis Jakovlev, 1885 24.VIII.1970, J. Abdulla; Duhok, 12.VIII.l972, I. Naser;
Mosul, 24.VI.1973, in AG; Baghdad, IV-VII.1980;
Material: Nukhayb, 5 exx, 2.V.I980; Nukhayb-km Sarsang, 26-28.VIII.l980, Linnavuori.
160, I ex, 3.V.l980; Ukhaydir-Nukhayb, I ex, 2.V.I980,
Distribution: Widely distributed within the
Linnavuori.
Holomediterranean subregion and the Oriental
Distribution: Eremian.
and Ethiopian Regions. Recorded from Iraq
(Stichel1962:775).
Aethus hispidulus (Klug, 1845)
Cydnus hispidulus Klug 1845:43. Geotomus elongatus (Herrich-Schaffer, 1840)
Aethus hispidulus Signoret 1881:431.
Aethus setosus Walker 1867:39 (Linnavuori 1993:75). Material: Arbil, I ex, 21.1.1968, J. Sultan, in AG.
Cydnus sahlbergi Reuter 1900:222, syn. n.
Distribution: Holomediterranean, extending
Types: Iraq, Euphrates, male lectotype of setosus, into Central Europe, the Middle East and
designated by Linnavuori, in the British Museum; Greece, Turkestan.
Corfu, female syntype of sahlbergi, here designated as the
lectotype, U. Sahlberg, in Mus. St. Petersburg.
Geotomus pygmaeus (Dallas, 1851)
Taxonomy of the species will be treated by
me elsewhere (Linnavuori 1993). An examina Material: Numerous exx from Abu Ghraib, 30.V.I953,
tion of a syntype of Cydnus sahlbergi Reuter in 5.XI.l965, 15.1X.l966, 8.VII and 28.X.1967, in AG; Ain
Mus. St. Petersburg revealed that the species is a al Tamar, 17.VII.1980; Amara, 23-24.X.1979; Samawa,
21.X.1979, Linnavuori.
synonym of A. hispidulus.
Distribution: Apparently Pontomediterranean, Distribution: The Oriental Region, extending
recorded from Greece, Cyprus, Syria, Israel, into Iraq, the eastern parts of Saudi Arabia and
Egypt, Arabia, and Iraq. the Jordan Valley in Israel.
ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 4 • Linnavuori: Hemiptera of Iraq. II. 39
Geotomus intrusus Wagner, 1953 Material: Abu Ghraib, 1 ex, 8.IV.1958; S. Rashed;
Diwaniya, I ex, ll.IX.l954, S. Alyasiri, in AG.
Material: Abu Ghraib, several exx, 30.III.l953,
6.VI.1956, in AG; Baghdad, 3 exx, IV-VIII.l980, Lin Description in Linnavuori 1984:3-4.
navuori. Biology: On Chenopodiaceae halophytes in
saline habitats.
Distribution: Eremian.
Distribution: Endemic.
Thaumastellidae Odontotarsus robustus Jakovlev, 1883
Material: several exx from Aqra, 12.V.l981; AI Qosh,
Thaumastella aradoides Horvath, 1896 IO.V.l981; Sawarah Tuka, 28.VIII.l980, Linnavuori.
Biology: Swept from vegetation in hilly
Material: Baghdad, 2 exx, IX.l979, Linnavuori; also
recorded from Baghdad in Seidenstticker (1964:274). steppes.
Distribution: Holomediterranean.
Distribution: Eremian.
Odontotarsus rufescens Fieber, 1861
Pentatomidae
Recorded from Shaqlawa (Hoberlandt 1953:
378).
Scutellerinae
Distribution: Pontomediterranean.
Odontoscelis litura (Fabricius, 1775)
Odontotarsus purpureolineatus (Rossi, 1790)
Material: AI Qosh, <:J neotypus, <:J paraneotypus, des
ignated by Gi:illner-Scheiding, 10.V.l981, Linnavuori, in Material: Aqra, 2 exx, 12.V.l981; AI Qosh, 2 exx,
coli. Linnavuori. 10.V.l981; Sawarah Tuka, 1 ex, 28.VIII.l980; Zawita, 1
ex, 26.VII1.1980; Linnavuori; Bismi1, 2 exx, 31.VII.l963,
GOllner-Scheiding ( 1986) published a revision Y. Baysed.
of the genus Odontoscelis Laporte de Castelnau
Biology: On vegetation in hilly steppes of
and proved that 0. litura is a valid species and
northern Iraq.
not a form of 0. fuliginosa as previously as
Distribution: Holomediterranean.
sumed.
Biology: The specimens were found on
ground among vegetation in a brook valley at the Odontotarsus impictus Jakovlev, 1886
foot of a hill.
Recorded from Shaqlawa (Hoberlandt 1953:
Distribution: Syrio-Anatolian. Recorded from
378).
Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Cyprus and Turkey.
Distribution: Irano-Turanian.
Odontoscelis dorsalis (Fabricius, 1803)
Odontotarsus armiger Kiritshenko, 1914
Material: near Bawa Nur, 1 ex, IO.VI.1980; AI Qosh, Material: AI Hadr, 2 exx, 6-7.V.l981; AI Qosh, 1 ex,
I ex, IO.V.1981; As Salman-Shabakah, several exx, 25.VIII.l980; Khan Ruhabah, 1 ex, 6.1V.1981; Shaykh
4.IV.l981; Waqisah, several exx, 10.1V.l981, Linnavuori. Addy, I exx, 11.V.l981, Linnavuori.
Biology: On ground among vegetation m Biology: In steppes of northern Iraq.
sandy habitats. Distribution: Irano-Turanian. Known from the
Distribution: Holomediterranean. Sinai Peninsula, Jordan and Turkestan.
Alphocoris halophilus Linnavuori, 1984 Odontotarsus angustatus Jakovlev, 1883
Types: Tharthar Lake, <:J holotype, several paratypes, Material: Darbandikhan, 1 ex, 21.V.l980; Sawarah
20.X.l980; AI Hillah, 1 paratype, 2l.IX.1979; Saw a Lake, Tuka, 1 ex, 28.VIII.1980, Linnavuori; Jamjamal, 1 ex,
2 paratypes, 19.1V.1980, Linnavuori, in coli. Linnavuori. 21.V.I980, R. T. Kasnaw.
40 Linnavuori: Hemiptera of Iraq. II. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 4
Previously recorded from Bishapur (Haber
Taxonomy treated in Linnavuori 1986:51-52.
landt 1949:2).
Biology: In saline habitats on Anabasis
Biology: In steppes of northern Iraq.
articulata, Suaeda vermiculata and Zygophyllum.
Distribution: Irano-Turanian, recorded from
Hibernating specimens on Lycium barbarum.
Iraq, Iran and Turkestan.
Distribution: Eastern parts of the Eremian
subregion. Recorded from Egypt, Saudi Arabia,
Psacasta cypria Puton, 1881 Syria, Iraq, Kuwait, and Central Asia.
Material: Qora, 1 ex, 12.VI.l980, Linnavuori.
Tshingisella bella Kiritshenko, 1913
Taxonomy treated in Seidenstiicker 1975:
265-266. Material: Bawa Nur, I ex, 10.VI.l980; Shaykh Addy,
I ex, 11. V .1981, Linnavuori.
Biology: Swept from vegetation in a steppe
in northern Iraq. Biology: Swept from vegetation in hilly
Distribution: Anatolian, recorded from Cy steppes in northern Iraq.
prus, Turkey and Iraq (Seidenstiicker 1975:265- Distribution: Irano-Turanian, recorded from
266). Turkey, Syria and Central Asia.
Eurygaster integriceps Puton, 1881 Leprosoma inconspicuum Baerensprung, 1859
Material: near Salahuddin, 1 ex, 12.VI.1980, Linnavuori.
Material: Numerous exx from Gali Ali Beg,
13.VI.l980; Shaykh Addy, ll.V.l981; Linnavuori; Abu Biology: Swept from vegetation in a hilly
Ghraib, 2.VIII.1954, A. Mahmood; El Abbasiye,
steppe in northern Iraq.
29.III.l944, Y. Fethi; Biyara, 19.III.l944, Y. Yousuf;
Distribution: Holomediterranean.
Dekon, 29.V.l951, A. Meymarian; Sulaymaniyah,
ll.V.1951, Abiel, in AG.
Biology: In steppes and fields in northern and Ventocoris horvathi (Puton, 1896)
central Iraq. Material: AI Qosh, 1 ex, 10.V.1981, Linnavuori.
Distribution: Pontomediterranean.
Recorded from Shaqlawa (Hoberlandt 1953:
378).
Biology: Swept from vegetation in a hilly
Podopinae
steppe.
Distribution: Syria-Anatolian, recorded from
Tarisa camelus Reuter, 1901 Syria, Turkey, Iraq, and Iran.
Material: Sawa Lake, I ex, 2l.X.1979, Linnavuori.
Ventocoris obesus (SttU, 1865)
Biology: On Anabasis articulata in a saline
sandy habitat. Material: Khan Ruhabah, 1 ex, 6.IV.l981; Najaf
Distribution: Eremian, recorded from Algeria, Shabakah, 1 ex, 23.VI.l981, Linnavuori.
Egypt, Israel and Saudi Arabia. Biology: On Zilla spinosa.
Distribution: Eremian, known from Algeria,
Egypt, Israel, and Saudi Arabia.
Tarisa subspinosa (Germar, 1839)
Material: Numerous exx from Ain AI Tamar-Ramadi,
Ventocoris achivus (Horvath, 1889)
20.1V.l980; Amara, 23-24.X.l979; Ana, IO.IV.1981; Ana
A! Qaim, 5.V.l980; Busayah-As Salman, 2.IV.l981; Hilla, Material: AI Qosh, 2 exx, 25.VIII.1980, Linnavuori.
2l.IX.l979; Kerbala-Ain AI Tamar, 20.X.l979; Khan
Taxonomy treated in Josifov 1969:67-72.
Ruhabah, 6.1V.1981; Rashidiya, 8.VI.1981; Rawah-Al
Biology: Swept from vegetation in a hilly
Hadr, 6.V.1981; Nasiriyah-Abu Ghar, 15.1V.1980; Razazah
steppe in northern Iraq.
Lake, 6.VI.l981; As Salman-Samawa, 6.III.1980; Sawa
Lake, 21.X.I979; That1har Lake, 20.VIII.1979, Linnavuori. Distribution: Pontomediterranean.
ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 4 • Linnavuori: Hemiptera of Iraq. II. 41
Ventocoris modestus (Jakovlev, 1880) Distribution: Syrio-Anatolian, recorded from
Turkey, Syria, Iraq (Seidenstiicker 1975:267),
Material: Khan Ruhabah, I ex, 24.VI.l981, Linnavuori.
and Iran.
Biology: From vegetation in a sandy habitat.
Distribution: Eremian.
Pentatominae
Ancyrosoma leucogrammes (Gmelin, 1789)
Mecidea pallidissima Jensen-Haarup, 1922
Material: many exx from Darbandikhan, 13.V.I980;
Dukan, 12. VI.I980; Penjwin, II. VI.I980; AI Qosh, Material: Baghdad, I ex, VI-VII.I980; Nukhaib, I ex,
IO.V.l981; Rashidiyah, 8.VI.1981; Salahuddin, 13- 2.V.I980, Linnavuori.
14.VI.I980; Sawarah Tuka, 28.VIII.1980; Zawita, Biology: On grasses in sandy habitats.
26.VIII.I980; Sinjar, 7.V.I980; Sulaf, 27.VIII.1980, Distribution: Eremian, distributed from West
Linnavuori; Abu Ghraib, 29.III.l955, I. Kheiri; Khanken,
Africa to India.
3.IV.l958, collector unknown; Khorsabad, 10.VI.l944, A.
Meymarian, in AG.
Biology: Common on vegetation in steppes Mecidea lindbergi Wagner, 1954
and gardens. ·
Material: Sinoni N of Sinjar, I ex, 8-9.VI.l981;
Distribution: Holomediterranean; recorded
Waqisah, I ex, 5.IV.l980, Linnavuori.
from Iraq (Stichel1961:740).
Biology: On grasses in sandy habitats.
Distribution: Eremian, distributed from the
Tholagmus enkidu Linnavuori, 1984 Cape Verde Islands to Iran. Recorded from Iraq
by Stichel (1961:742).
Material: Mosul, d' holotype and 1 9 paratype,
26.VII.l967, J. Alani; AI Qosh, I paratype, IO.VI.1981;
Shayk Addi, I paratype, ll.V.I981, Linnavuori, in coli. Mustha spinulosa (Lefebvre, 1831)
Linnavuori.
Material: Dukan, 1 ex, 12.VI.1980; Salahuddin, I ex,
Revision of the genus Tholagmus St~U in 13-14.VI.1980; Sarsang, I ex, 26-28.VIII.1980; Sulaf, I
Linnavuori 1984:4-7. ex, 27.VIII.I980, Linnavuori; Amadiah, I ex, 25.VII.l959,
collector unknown; North Iraq, 2 exx, 23.VI.l965 and
Biology: In hilly steppes in NE Iraq.
Shaqlawa, ll.VI.1940, A. Meymarian in AG.
Distribution: Endemic.
Biology: On deciduous trees and shrubs such
as Quercus in forests of NE Iraq.
Graphosoma semipunctatum (Fabricius, 1775) Distribution: Pontomediterranean; recorded
from Iraq in Stichel1961:743.
Material: Amadia, 3 exx, 2l.VI.1968, Salih, in AG.
Distribution: Holomediterranean, extending
Apodiphus amygdali (Germar, 1817)
into Central Europe, Central Asia and Afghani
stan. Material: Many exx from Baghdad, 23.IX.1979, V
VI.I981; Sulaf, 27.VII.l980; Zawita, 26.VIII.l980,
Linnavuori; Aqrah, 24.VII.l968, J. Abdulla; Baghdad,
22.VIII.l965, l.VIII.l969, A. Isa, M. Younis; Bakrajo,
Graphosoma lineatum italicum (Muller, 1766)
4.VII.I972, A. Droity; Deken, 6.VIII.l951, A. Meymarian;
Material: Sulaf, several exx, 27.VIII.l980, Linnavuori. Dora, 12.VII.l972, R. Alkhadil; Jadriye, 13.V.l944, M.
Mubarek; Mosul, 13.II.l968; J. Abdulla; Shaqlawa,
Biology: On Umbelliferae in a hilly steppe. 15.VIII.l946, R. Hafidh; Tilgara, Arbil, 18.VI.l943, A.
Distribution: Holomediterranean with a wide Meymarian; Zakho, 4.X.l961, collector unknown, in AG.
range into Central Europe and Central Asia. Hinaidi near Baghdad (China 1938:428).
Biology: On deciduous trees and bushes in
gardens and forests. In Iraq found on apple, apri
Graphosoma stali Horvath, 1881
cot, mulberry, and plum.
Material: Cony-Masy, I ex, 26.VI.I975, Irwad; Duhok, Distribution: Pontomediterranean; recorded
3 exx, 26.V.l965, collector unknown, in AG. from Iraq in Stichel1961:743.
42 Linnavuori: Hemiptera of Iraq. II. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 4
Fig. 1. Phricodus bessaci Villiers (macropterous male from Zubar). a: dorsal view; b: antenna; c--e: genital
segment in dorsal, ventral and lateral view (st =style).
Phricodus bessaci Villiers, 1959 Biology: On Labiatae, such as Thymus, in dry
Fig. 1 habitats.
Distribution: Holomediterranean, extending
Material: Zubar, I ex, 14.IV.l980, Linnavuori.
as far as Iran and Turkestan in the East.
Biology: In Saudi Arabia found on Helio
tropium pterocarpum.
Distribution: Erernian, previously known from
Sciocoris safavii Hoberlandt, 1959
Senegal, Mauretania and Saudi Arabia (Linna
vuori 1986:55). Mosul (Wagner 1965:128).
Distribution: Iranian, originally described
from Iran.
Sciocoris ochraceus Fieber, 1861
Material: Abu Ghraib, I ex (det. Remane), l7.VI.l958,
S. Rashed, in AG.
Sciocoris capitatus Jakovlev, 1881
Distribution: Syrio-Anatolian.
Material: Kuysanjag-lrbil, 2 exx, 12.VI.l980; Qora, I
ex, l6.XI.l979, Linnavuori.
Sciocoris helferi Fieber, 1852 Biology: On Labiatae in hilly steppes.
Distribution: Irano-Turanian, recorded from
Material: Darbandikhan, 3 exx, 13.V.l980; Dukan, lex,
l2.VI.l980; Khan Ruhabah, I ex, 24.VI.l981, Linnavuori. Iran and Turkestan.
ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 4 • Linnavuori: Hemiptera of Iraq. II. 43
Sciocoris sahlbergi Wagner, 1952 Aelia satunini Kiritshenko, 1929
Fig. 2a-c
Material: Karbala-Ain AI Tamar, 3 exx, 20.IV.l980;
As Salman-Takhadid, 2 exx, 17.IV.I980, Linnavuori.
Material: USSR, Aralych, Prov. Erivan, I(] paratype,
Biology: On Labiatae in desert habitats. II.V.I911, K. Satunin, in Mus. St. Petersburg.
Distribution: Erernian, known from Egypt, Diagnosis: Distinguished from the related
the Sudan, Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey. species by the immaculate legs (under surfaces
of femora of the related species ornamented with
a pair of dark subapical spots).
Dyroderes umbraculatus (Fabricius, 1775) Description: Resembling A. turanica but
smaller, length 7.5 mm (in turanica 8.0-9.5 mm).
Material: Sulaf, I ex, 27.VIII.l980, Linnavuori.
Legs immaculate. - Small, body somewhat
Biology: On vegetation in dry hilly steppes. broader and more convex than in the related
Distribution: Holomediterranean, easternmost species. Head as broad as long, 0.6 x as broad as
records from Turkey and Israel. basal width of pronotum, strongly sloping
ventrad; ocular index 5.6. Under surface of head
in lateral view with a shallow insinuation between
Aelia Fabricius, 1803 the bluntly prominent apex of gena and buccula,
the latter broadening caudad. Proportions between
Taxonomy of the genus has been treated by
antenna! joints 9:12:14:21:26 (diatone 53, basal
China & Lodos 1960 and Brown 1962.
width of pronotum 90 units). Pronotum twice as
broad as long in middle, puncturing a little sparser
than in turanica. Scutellum 1.17 x as long as
Aelia acuminata (Linnaeus, 1758)
broad, somewhat broader than in the related
Material: Darbandikhan, I ex, 13.V.I980; AI Hadr, I species. Vein along claval suture on corium not
ex, 6-7.V.I981; Rashidi yah, 3 exx, 8.VI.I981, Linnavuori; elevated, less distinctly marked than in turanica.
Abu Ghraib, numerous exx, 8.IV.1958, 9.VII.I958, S. - Male genitalia: Pygofer (Fig. 2c) as in A.
Rashed, H. Abid, in AG.
turanica but ventral margin in ventral view a
Biology: On grasses in steppes and fields. little more strongly insinuated.
Distribution: Euro-Siberian. Distribution: Apparently Caspian. Also re
corded from Turkey and Iraq (Shaqlawa, Rober
landt 1953:378).
Aelia glebana Ferrari, 1874
Material: Korasinnik, 2 exx, 6.VI.I944, A. Meymarian;
Sinjar, 4 exx, 28.VI.I954, D. Ahmed, in AG. Aelia syriaca Horvath, 1903
Distribution: Holomediterranean with a wide Recorded from Amadiya, Korasinnik, Mosul,
range into Central Europe and Iran. Recorded Sinjar, and Tel Kaif (Brown 1962: 140).
from Iraq in China & Lodos 1960:588. Distribution: Syrio-Anatolian, also known
from Syria and Turkey.
Aelia turanica Horvath, 1895
Material: Salahuddin, I ex, 13-14.VI.I980; Sawarah
Aelia albovittata Fieber, 1868
Tuka, 4 exx, 28.VIII.I980, Linnavuori.
Pygofer in Fig. 2d. Material: Kani Massi, I ex, 28.VI.I975, Rustam, in
AG; Sarsang, I ex, 26-28.VII1.1980, Linnavuori.
Biology: On grasses in hilly steppes.
Distribution: Irano-Turanian, recorded from Biology: On grasses in a hilly steppe.
Turkey, Iraq, Turkmenia, and Turkestan (Stichel Distribution: Syrio-Anatolian, recorded from
1961:748). Syria and Turkey.
44 Linnavuori: Hemiptera of Iraq. II. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 4
Fig. 2. Aelia satunini Kiritshenko. a-b: male head in dorsal and in lateral view; c: pygofer, caudal view.- A. turanica
Horvath (ex from Sawara Tuka). d: pygofer, caudal view.- Holcostethus vernalis (Wolff) (ex from Raisio, Fin
land). e: style; f: pygofer, ventral view. - H. strictus (Fabricius). g: pygofer, ventral view; h-i: style (exx from
Rashidiya and Qora).- H. congenitus Puchkov (ex from Sinoni). j: paratergites; k-1: pygofer in ventral and in
caudolateral view; m: style.
Aeliomotpha sheanensis Linnavuori, 1965 Eysarcoris ventralis (Westwood, 1837)
Material: Samawah, 5 exx, 21.X.l979, Linnavuori. Material: Numerous exx from Aqrah, 29.VIII.I980;
Baghdad, VI-VII.I980; Halabja, II. VI.l980; AI Kabaish,
Biology: On Cyperaceae in a moist place in a
27-28.Vl.l980; Karbala-Ain AI Tamar, 20.X.I979; Mosul,
garden.
28. VIII.l980; Muhammadi, 8.X.l979; Penjwin,
Distribution: Previously known only from
II.VI.l980; Rashidiyah, 8.VI.l981; Sinjar, 14.XI.1979;
Israel.
Tharthar Lake, 25.VIII.l979, Linnavuori; Ana, 23.II.l955;
Abu Ghraib, 6.VI.l955, Mounit; Basra, 25-29.VI.l980,
Neottiglossa bifida (Costa, 1847) Haifa'a M.Jalal, in AG.
Material: Aqrah, I ex, 12.V.l981; Brozah, I ex, Biology: On vegetation in gardens, fields and
15.V.I981, Linnavuori. fresh meadows.
Distribution: Holomediterranean extending
Biology: Swept from grasses in hilly steppes.
into the Ethiopian and Oriental Regions.
Distribution: Holomediterranean.
ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 4 • Linnavuori: Hemiptera of Iraq. II. 45
Stagonomus amoenus (Brulle, 1832) Holcostethus vernalis (Wolff, 1804)
Material: AI Qosh, I ex, IO.V.I981, Linnavuori. Material: recorded from Baghdad (China 1934:429)
Biology: Swept from Labiatae in a hilly steppe. and Shaqlawa (Hoberlandt 1953:380).
Distribution: Holomediterranean, recorded Pygofer and style illustrated in Fig. 2e-f.
from Iraq (Stichel1961:750). Distribution: Euro-Siberian.
Stagonomus bipunctatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Holcostethus strictus (Fabricius, 1803)
Material: Zafatakia, I ex, l.IX.I956, Ghalib, in coli.
Material: near Penjwin, I ex, II.VI.I980; Qora, 4 exx,
Linnavuori.
16.XI.l979; Rashidiyah, 3 exx, 8.VI.1981; near Sawarah
Distribution: Holomediterranean. Tuka, l ex, 28.VIII.I980; Sulaf, t ex, 27.VIII.1980,
Linnavuori.
Stagonomus devius Seidenstiicker, 1965 Pygofer and style in Fig. 2g-i.
Material: AI Qosh, 2 exx, I O.V.I981, Linnvuori. Biology: On herbs in mountain steppes and
gardens.
Biology: Swept from herbs in a hilly steppe.
Distribution: Holomediterranean.
Distribution: Syrio-Anatolian, recorded from
Turkey, Israel.
Holcostethus congenitus Puchkov, 1965
Gomphocranum christophi Jakov1ev, 1877 Material: near Darbandikhan, 1 ex, 13.V.t980;
Khorsabad, I ex, 15.XI.1979; Sinoni, t ex, 9.V.I981,
Material: AI Qosh, 3 exx, IO.V.I981, Linnavuori.
Linnavuori.
Taxonomy of the genus Gomphocranum
Pattern of connexivum in Fig. 2j. Pygofer
Jakovlev treated in Linnavuori 1984:7-9.
and style in Figs. 2k-m, 3a.
Biology: Like the other species on shrubs on
Biology: On herbs in hilly steppes. At
slopes of mountain valleys.
Khorsabad found on Olea.
Distribution: Iranian, previously recorded
Distribution: lrano-Turanian.
from Iran and Israel.
Gomphocranum adad Linnavuori, 1984 Palomena mursili Linnavuori, 1984
Material: near Penjwin, d' holotype, ll.VI.1980, Material: Sulaf, d' holotype and several paratypes,
Linnavuori. 27 .VIII.l980, Linnavuori.
Biology: On Capparis on a stony slope of a Description in Linnavuori 1984:9-10.
mountain valley. Biology: On deciduous trees in a dense wood
Distribution: Endemic. in valley of a mountain brook.
Distribution: Iranian; also known from Iran.
Gomphocranum anu Linnavuori, 1984
Material: AI Qosh, d' holotype, I paratype, 17.XI.l979, Agatharchus tritaenia Horvath, 1897
I para type, 24. Vill.l980; near Aqra, I para type, 29. VIII.I980,
Figs. 3b-g, 4
Linnavuori.
Biology: On shrubs on slopes of mountain Material: Darbandikhan, 2 exx, 10.VI.1979, Rustam,
AG.
valleys.
Distribution: Endemic. Distribution: Iranian, previously known from
Iran and Turkey.
Staria lunata (Hahn, 1835)
Material: Shaykh Addi, 1 ex, 15.XI.1979, Linnavuori. Carpocoris coreanus Distant, 1899
Biology: On Labiatae in a dry hilly steppe. Material: Many exx from Abu Ghraib, 28.III.l954, J.
Distribution: Holomediterranean. Mohammad; near Aqrah, 12. V .1981; near Brozah,
46 Linnavuori: Hemiptera of Iraq. II. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 4
Fig. 3. Ho/costethus congenitus Puchkov (ex from Khorsabad). a: style.- Agatharchus tritaenia Horvath. b:
metapleuron; c-d: pygofer in ventral and in lateral view; e: style; f: aedeagus in lateral view (paired basal lobes 1-
3 indicated with numbers); g: spermatheca.
13.V.l981; Darbandikhan, 13.V.l980; AI Hadr, 6.V.l981, 24.III.l957, in AG; Top Zawe, 1 ex, 29.III.1944, H. A.
Linnavuori; Kony Masy, 24.VI.l975, in AG; Ar Rutbah Hamid.
Qaim, 9.IV.l981; AI Qosh, 10.V.l981, Linnavuori;
Shaqlawa, 15.VI.l976, Rustam. Biology: On herbs in steppes and fields.
Distribution: Holomediterranean; recorded
Biology: On herbs in steppes.
from Mosul, Iraq (Tamanini 1958:378).
Distribution: Irano-Turanian, spread from the
Sinai Peninsula and Israel to Turkmenia; also
known from Korea.
Codophila varia (Fabricius, 1787)
Carpocoris mediterraneus mediterraneus
Material: near Brozah, 2 exx, 13.V.l981; Sarsang, I
Tamanini, 1958 ex, 26-28.VIII.l980; Su1af, 3 exx, 27.VIII.l980,
Linnavuori; Bashika, 1 ex, 24.1II.l957, in AG; Kony Masy,
Material: Rabea, 1 ex, 22.IV.l968, F. Matti.
I ex, 26.VI.l975, J. Abdulla; Top Zawe, 1 ex, 29.III.l944,
Distribution: Pontomediterranean; recorded H. Hamid, in AG.
from Iraq (Tamanini 1958:369).
Biology: On herbaceous plants such as
Compositae and Umbelliferae in steppes and
Carpocoris pudicus (Poda, 1761) fields.
Material: AI Qosh, 3 exx, 10.V.l981, Linnavuori; Distribution: Holomediterranean, also re
Amadia, 1 ex, 21.VI.l958, Salih; Bashika Tel Kaif, I ex, corded from Iraq (Stichel1961:754).
